Repositório RCAAP

Através da revisão de conceitos importados dos rituais, este livro sobre João Garcia Miguel oferece uma visão particular sobre o uso do corpo no teatro deste criador como pilar da sua obra e, sobretudo, na tríade Yerma; Los Negros e os Deuses do Norte; La Vida Es Sonho (todos com Sara Ribeiro). Questões como o erotismo e o êxtase partilhados entre os performers e o público, são abordadas numa transversalidade entre a biografia e as sexualidades que o corpo apresentado e os corpos representados sugerem de modo mais ou menos evidente. O que o corpo pode fazer e a mente não permite, é a ideia principal que resulta deste livro.

En este estudio, partiendo del papel del Museo Nacional de Arte Romano como centro de investigación de Lusitania, se presentan las líneas que definen el proyecto arqueológico de la ciudad romana de Ammaia. Tras la primera campaña de excavación, y con los resultados obtenidos, se presentan las acciones de presente y futuras líneas de investigación, centradas esencialmente en los espacios públicos de la ciudad, zona del foro y área de espectáculos.

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Entre las transformaciones que definen la evolución de la urbe clásica a la ciudad tardoantigua se encuentra la desarticulación del callejero ortogonal típicamente romano. En el presente estudio pretendemos ofrecer una visión sucinta de los cambios que afectaron a la trama urbana de las tres capitales provinciales de la Hispania altoimperial, abarcando en este análisis un amplio marco temporal que va desde el siglo I al VI d.C., aunque haciendo hincapié en la Antigüedad Tardía. Fenómenos como la ocupación de pórticos y calzadas, la desaparición de las pavimentaciones pétreas bajo nuevos pisos de tierra, la inutilización progresiva de la red de cloacas y el empleo de spolia, marcan una transformación común, aunque variable, que afectará en tiempos y modos diferentes al callejero de estas tres ciudades.

Na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa, uma equipa interdisciplinar está a desenvolver um projeto europeu sobre dunas costeiras. Estes ambientes vistos geralmente como simples “montes de areias” são ecossistemas importantíssimos na dinâmica litoral e têm muitas histórias para contar. Com o objetivo de contribuir para a disseminação da ciência e fomentar a educação ambiental, foi proposto aos professores de uma turma do ensino básico a realização de um trabalho conjunto, para abordar o tema das dunas e desenvolver conteúdos que permitam a sua divulgação nas escolas. O que se apresenta neste artigo é justificação dessa proposta e os materiais que vão ser trabalhados. Espera-se que a experiência, depois de testada, possa ser replicada com outras turmas e grupos etários.

Coastal sand dunes are multifunctional landscapes with rich biodiversity and provide ecological goods and services. They play a dual role as a sediment sink or a source to maintain the long-term stability of a coastal system. These landscapes have been affected by human settlements, economic activities and recreational purposes. Sand dunes in the Manawatu-Wanganui region, in New Zealand, have been subjected to such forcings during Maori settlements and, in particular, since the establishment of Europeans since 1840. Consequently, dunes have evolved from a transgressive system to a parabolic one, while the rate of dune drifting is still observed to be one of the highest in the world. Because this was a problem for populations living in the area, there were several attempts to arrest dune drifting. Using the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) cyclic framework, we analyzed these interventions during two-time frames: 1) from the 19th to 20th century and 2) during the early 21st century. We checked for data in historical records and literature including the Parliamentary debates of New Zealand. Historical evolutionary trends were inferred by analyzing a series of maps since 1773. The present-day impacts were derived from a series of georeferenced google images from 1983 using the ESRI ArcGIS tools. The coastal management responses were obtained through scientific literature and reports of the Horizon Regional Council. According to the analysis, drivers of dune drift before the 21st century were 1) settlements resulting in burning shrubs, deforestation, grazing, agriculture, mining, and building, 2) introduction of non-native animals. The pressures were: 1) mobile dunes and 2) blowouts. The assessment of the state of the environment included: 1) soil fertility, 2) habitat quality, 3) river navigability and 4) air quality. The assessed impacts were 1) increase of wasteland and loss of fertility, 2) foredune erosion, 3) impact on transportation and 4) creation of swamps as river mouths were closed. The management responses included 1) introduction of 1903 and 1908 Sand Drift acts for reclamation of affected areas, 2) introduction of exotic vegetation (e.g. Marram grass) and 3) foredune building using sand trapping fences. The main drivers of the 21st century are 1) intensive urbanization, 2) introduction of exotic vegetation and 3) global fossil fuel burning. The invasive character of marram resulted in the loss of biodiversity. The coastline erosion due to sea-level rise during the 21st century will be moderated due to its progradational nature. The study revealed a significant spatial variability of the rate of dune drift. The responses include 1) a consolidated “One Plan” as mandated by 1991 Resource Management Act; 2) removal of exotic vegetation to support native biodiversity by enhancing natural processes of dunes (a paradigm shift in dune management); 3) enhancing awareness while encouraging the public participation in mitigating measures. In conclusion, historical data combined with DPSIR framework tools showed that management interventions should be implemented considering long-term and interdisciplinary analysis to better understand the systems’ evolution and the full consequences of human actions.

The Thesis focuses on the analysis of the academic profession under the influence of the government policies for Higher Education and it is theoretically streamlined in the framework of Sociology of Higher Education and Sociology of the Professions The main aim is to describe and analyze the reconfiguration of the academic profession over the on going scenario of changes in Higher Education. The study is based on two fundamental premises: firstly the reconfiguration of the academic profession under the influence of policies and secondly, university teachers, as important social actors in policy implementation, are not passive individual. By giving voice to teachers, the study focuses on understanding how they experience changes in academic work and respond to the policies, what strategies they adopt to deal with constraints, their modes to be in the profession, the dilemmas they face and the strategies they use to respond. The documental research was focused on documents related to Higher Education, the Bologna Process, International Reports, documents guiding the policies of Higher Education in Brazil and Summary on Higher Education Census in Brazil, to capture their ideas-force on the changes in the university world, in special the ones relating to university teachers’ work. The empirical research was conducted in universities located in the Brazilian Amazon with the application of mixed methods of methodological approaches, with a sequential exploratory strategy in two phases: semi-structured interviews and a survey questionnaire. The empirical evidence suggests that university teachers have relative control over their work, find ways to practice the profession and reconcile their interests with the demands of academic work. Although the constraints stemming from the policies in academic work and working conditions, they would remain in the profession, they use strategies to deal with the impacts of policies. Despite these evidences, academic profession has many complex faces and deal with ambiguous challenges that are reshaping or reconfiguring the academic work and profession. The reconfiguration is contradictory and the responses ambivalent.

Desde Quinhentos que a escrita está presente como manuscrito e como impresso e, com ela, a leitura. A modernidade é impensável sem a cultura letrada das elites e sem a aplicação da escrita a novos domínios materiais, simbólicos, de governo e administração, socio-culturais, como também sem a aculturação escrita de novos públicos. Tendo a escrita como motivo central, "Escritas e Cultura na Europa e no Atlântico Modernos" desvela o mundo dos textos, ilustra os campos autoral, editorial, do leitor, comunicacional, intrínsecos à cultura escrita, toma a escrita como campo simbólico, de representação, poder e mobilização. E, enfim, apresenta a cultura escrita como constitutiva da Europa e do Atlântico modernos. Incidindo sobre uma realidade complexa e multidimensional, este livro traz a historicidade e a perspectiva histórica para o centro dos estudos humanísticos, sociais, culturais, educacionais.

“Historiografia e Memórias” reúne textos de comunicações apresentadas num seminário realizado na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa em 24 e 25 de Janeiro de 2011, com a participação de investigadores nacionais e estrangeiros. Neste encontro desenvolveram‑se reflexões sobre temas que se prendem com a construção das memórias nacionais, regionais e individuais, convocando múltiplos pontos de vista teóricos e abordagens: historiografia, antropologia, memorialismo, autobiografia e ensaísmo. Foram questionados diversos tipos de fontes e materiais oriundos de variados âmbitos de intervenção dos indivíduos nas sociedades, nomeadamente da cultura, da política e da actividade académica. Procurou‑se assim atravessar campos e fronteiras do saber, com o objectivo de aprofundar o debate sobre problemas e concepções que estão no centro das relações entre historiografia, memória e sociedade.

Rock art dating has been one of the major challenges since its discovery and recognition. The methods have evolved through the last century, beginning with the study of superpositions and style until to the application of numeric methods since the 1990s. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and publish an up-to-date database of all of the numerical dates currently available for Iberian prehistoric rock art sites. For this purpose, the manuscript reviews all the methods applied so far to Iberian rock art discussing the limits, the sampling involved, and the problems affecting the results. After that, we present and discuss the most relevant results related to each cultural graphic tradition (Palaeolithic, Levantine, Schematic and Megalithic rock art) assessing their value and limitations. Finally, we reflect on the future of rock art dating: unfortunately most of the motifs are not dateble in numeric terms, meaning we still have to combine traditional with numerical methods; but also, we need to keep working on the problems affecting these methods to be able to create a more reliable chronological framework of use to address other issues such as group mobility, cultural networks, and reutilisation of symbolic elements, to name a few.

The story map "Dune(s): Fiction, History and Science" tells the story of the dunes stabilization programs developed on the US Northern Pacific Coast, that influenced Frank Herbert to write his great novel: Dune https://bit.ly/2MnNGMg

Retail gentrification is gaining relevance to study the transformation of several urban districts. In this article we explore the connections between this process and the appropriation and use of the elements of authenticity of a given urban district. Drawing upon the production standpoint, we based our research on the objective, constructivist and existential perspective of the concept of authenticity. We developed fieldwork on Mouraria, a traditional neighbourhood of Lisbon city centre, affected by gentrification as a consequence of a strong growth of tourism in the last decade. Information was collected about the size and evolution of the commercial fabric and business owners were interviewed. Its treatment allows to gather three set of elements that were considered as representative of the authenticity of Mouraria: community values, multiculturality and urban features. The way retail spaces use these elements is diverse and intertwined with the different perspectives of authenticity and, on the part of business owners, arises as a management practice. Although Mouraria can be currently placed within an early stage of retail gentrification, the current pace of retail change and gentrification occurring in the neighbourhood may led to a wider replacement of the commercial fabric with detrimental consequences for local residents.

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Background: Reward sensitivity has been proposed as a potential mediator of outcomes for bariatric surgery. Objectives: We aimed to determine whether gustatory and psychometric measures of reward-related feeding are predictors of bariatric-induced weight loss. Methods: A multicenter longitudinal cohort study was conducted in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (surgical group), assessed at baseline and 2 follow-up assessments. Predictions of % weight loss from baseline (%WL) according to baseline gustatory measures, including intensity and pleasantness ratings of sweet and other tastants, and psychometric measures of reward-related feeding behavior, including hedonic hunger scores, were assessed with multivariable linear regression. Exploratory analyses were conducted to test for associations between %WL and changes in gustatory and psychophysical measures, as well as for comparisons with data from patients on the surgery waiting list (control group). Results: We included 212 patients, of whom 96 in the surgical group and 50 in the control group were prospectively assessed. The groups were similar at baseline and, as expected, bariatric surgery resulted in higher %WL (BTreatment-Time = 2.4; 95% CI: 2.1-2.8; P < 0.0001). While variation in gustatory measures did not differ between groups, in the surgery group baseline sweet intensity predicted %WL at the primary endpoint (11 to 18 months postoperatively; β = 0.2; B = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.3; P = 0.02), as did hedonic hunger scores (β = -0.2; B = -2.0, 95% CI: -3.8 to -0.3; P = 0.02). Furthermore, at this endpoint, postsurgical reduction of sweet taste intensity and acceptance of sweet foods were associated with %WL (β = -0.3; B = -3.5, 95% CI: -5.8 to -1.3; P = 0.003, and β = -0.2; B = -4.7, 95% CI: -8.5 to -0.8; P = 0.02, respectively). The use of sweet intensity as a predictor of weight change was confirmed in another bariatric cohort. Conclusions: Sweet intensity ratings and hedonic hunger scores predict %WL after surgery. The variability of sweet intensity ratings is also associated with %WL, further suggesting they may reflect physiological processes that are variably modulated by bariatric surgery, influencing clinical outcomes.

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The germinal center (GC) reactions are critical for the production of high-affinity antibodies that comprise the protective humoral response elicited by infection or vaccination. GCs are initiated through the interaction of B cells with T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. While the transcriptional regulation of Tfh differentiation has been studied in great detail, the impact of micro RNAs (miRNAs) on Tfh development and stability has been harder to address. It was previously shown that a complete deletion of miRNAs biogenesis prevents Tfh differentiation. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology [Eur. J. Immunol. 2021. 51: 408-413], Zeiträg et al. use an inducible gene deletion approach to reveal that miRNAs are also required for the maintenance of Tfh cells induced following viral infection in mice. These results provide new clues to the regulation of GC responses through Tfh and T follicular regulatory cells.

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Wildfre susceptibility and hazard models based on drivers that change only on a multiyear timescale are considered of a structural nature. They ignore specifc short-term conditions in any year and period within the year, especially summer, when most wildfre damage occurs in southern Europe. We investigate whether the predictive capacity of structural wildfre susceptibility and hazard models can be improved by integrating a seasonal dimension, expressed by three variables with yearly to seasonal timescales: (1) a meteorological index rating fuel fammability at the onset of summer; (2) the scarcity of fuel associated with the burned areas of the previous year, and (3) the excessive abundance of fuel in especially fre-prone areas that have not been burned in the previous ten years. We describe a new methodology for combining the structural maps with the seasonal variables, producing year-specifc seasonal susceptibility and hazard maps. We then compare the structural and seasonal maps as to their capacity to predict burnt areas during the summer period in a set of eight independent years. The seasonal maps revealed a higher predictive capacity in 75% of the validation period, both for susceptibility and hazard, when only the highest class was considered. This percentage was reduced to 50% when the two highest classes were considered together. In some years, structural factors and other unconsidered variables probably exert a strong infuence over the spatial pattern of wildfre incidence. These fndings can complement existing structural data and improve the mapping tools used to defne wildfre prevention and mitigation actions.