RCAAP Repository

This thesis aims at the design of an Adaptive controller for the modeling and real-time control of a water pumping system through the simultaneous use of control valves and frequency converter is used for the drive of a pump motor set, aiming to reduce the consumption of water and electricity. We developed a prototype of the water pumping system composed of two branches, aiming to model and identify the motor-pump set Parametrically as well as design and implement adaptive auto adjustable Generalized Minimum variance controllers (GMV). The controller operates in the determination of engine speed and the aperture angle of the control valve. The methodology consisted of a theoretical and experimental study considering the branches operate so disengaged. A study was carried out in order to define the structure of the model for the experimental bench-numbers of Poles, zeros and delays. Once known and validated the model structure, was retrieved from the mathematical model trial countertop representative whose parameters are estimated in real time by the method of recursive least squares (RLS), on the basis of entries imposed on the frequency converter and valves, as well as extensions output whereas the system is engaged. Adaptive controllers (GMV) auto adjustable have been designed and implemented for the control of pressure in extensions using the calculation of control law the parameters identified every instant of sampling, considering them as two systems MIMO (multiple-input multipleoutput). The results are presented to the operating system as uncoupled and coupled, under the action of the controller designed for various reference values.

This thesis is constituted by three articles, one theoretical, entitled Scientific Production about the elderly person in palliative care: a bibliometric study and two originals: Structural evaluation, developmental, and functional of families of elderly patients with cancer in palliative care; and Family Evaluation of elderly patients with Brain Vascular Accident in palliative care. Objective: to analyze the structure, the development and functionality of elderly patients family without therapeutic possibilities of cure in palliative care in the light of Calgary Model of Family Evaluation (CMFE). Method: The proposed search is a field research, of qualitative nature. The study was performed in a hospital, located in the city of João Pessoa, capital of the State of Paraíba. The investigation sample was composed by ten families, each one represented by the patient under palliative care and one family companion. The project was appreciated and approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research of the University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, from the Federal University of Paraíba (CER/UHLW), according to approval certificate with registration CAAE, number 33261114.1.0000.5183. Data were collected in the period from August to September 2014. For data collection was utilized the interview technique and genogram and eco-map instruments, that are utilized in CMFE. Empirical material was analyzed qualitatively in the light of CMFE. Results: From the ten families selected for the study, five had a common point, in other words, patients with cancer diagnosis, and five, with Brain Vascular Accident (BVA) diagnosis. For that, this material enabled the construction of two articles. The application of the referred model allowed identifying in the search with the family of elderly patients with cancer that two of them preserved the nuclear structure. The families presented low education level and financial difficulties. Regarding the network of social support, most mentioned relatives, friends and church. Two referred to have family relation with conflicts and limited social contact. The family caregivers are female. The article with the patients’ family with BVA allowed identifying that the five families that preserved nuclear structure, presented low education level and financial difficulties. They had as social support network relatives, friends and church. All of them referred to have family relation with conflicts. Conclusion: Family system and social, cultural contexts where the elderly patients with cancer and BVA families in palliative care participants in the research are inserted, can influence the way to direct these care.

Introduction: The care toward the elderly has aroused the interest of professionals in the area of health, in particular, of the nurses, for studies involving the impact physical, psychological and emotional generated on the caregiver by care process. In spite of this, there are still significant gaps in research whose focus are nursing interventions aimed at improving the well-being of caregivers in our context. Objective: This study aims to analyze the applicability of the proposed interventions for Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) for the nursing diagnosis of NANDA-I Tension on the role of caregiver evidenced in family caregivers of dependent elderly. Method: Methodological study, using methods of validation, structured in three consecutive stages and interdependent. In the first, participated in seven nurses Service Homecare of João Pessoa - Paraíba, for identification, according to the clinical experience, the applicability of 30 interventions and 300 activities proposed by NIC for the family caregiver with evidence of diagnosis in study. In the second step, 30 nurses specialists, selected by means of the criteria of Fehring, analyzed, according to the judgment of relevance, the activities of each intervention indicated by clinicians as more applicable to those caregivers. The third step was performed with 11 family caregivers with evidence of Tension on the role of caregiver to confirm the applicability of these interventions in clinical practice. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Center for Health Sciences of the Federal University of Paraiba (CCS/UFPB), under the Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appreciation (CAAE) 26450713.6.0000.5188 and the data were collected in the months of June 2014 to January 2015, observing the ethical aspects for research with human beings, recommended by Resolution 466/2012, of the National Health Council. Results and discussion: The assistencials nurses count 12 interventions that achieved a mean ≥ 0.80: Caregiver Support; Home Maintenance Assistance: Counseling; Support System Enhancement; Presence; Respite Care; Coping Enhancement; Health System Guidance; Energy Management; Guilt Work Facilitation; Family Involvement Promotion and Anticipatory Guidance. The activities indicated as the most applicable by nurses were those with a mean greater than or equal to 0.50, which totaled 226, these being analized by specialists who proposed, among other things, changes in some of the wording and the exclusion of 16 of them, remaining 210 activities. The clinical verification of the interventions were tested, by means of case studies, involving 11 family caregivers of dependent elderly, noting that the predominance of interventions Caregiver Support; Energy Management; Coping Enhancement; and Family Involvement Promotion, thus allowing the confirmation of its applicability. Final remarks: It is expected with this study is to contribute with new investigations, with the development of standardized language of nursing for the diagnosis, interventions/activities and, especially, collaborate with nurses and with the family caregiver in the process of taking care of dependent elderly.

Although there are numerous definitions for the term quality of life, there is no universal conceptualization. Nevertheless, it is observed that for people to have a good quality of life, it is important that they feel satisfied in various aspects, principally those considered essential in their lives. Hence, the QOL emerges as an instrument of impact in the evaluation of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs), among them the colorectal cancer, the principal responsible for the confection of intestinal stomas. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of people with intestinal stomas attended at a reference service. Methodology: This is a study of the type household survey, descriptive, cross-sectional and of quantitative approach. The research had as the initial input the Association of Ostomized individuals of the State of Paraiba (AOEPB), from which the study population arose. The non-probabilistic sample, for convenience, was selected through four steps and resulted in a total of 30 stomized people. The data were analyzed through the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and absolute and percentage distributions, as well as inferential statistical techniques, were obtained. The project was approved by the Committee of Research Ethics of the University Hospital Lauro Wanderley / UFPB, under the sentence number 370.838 and Presentation Certificate for Ethics Appreciation number 17224613.8.0000.5183. Results: The average age of participants was 60.67 years old, equally distributed between the sexes. The majority of participants were retired, Catholics, with low educational levels, married and with an income of one to three minimum wages. Clinically, the respondents had the following characteristics: they had a permanent stoma (73.3%) and because of cancers (80%), with inadequate position (90%), with no postoperative complication (80%), BMI above weight (50%) and surgery time of over 10 years (44.8%). Regarding the quality of life scores, it was observed that the measures obtained for the physical, social, psychological and spiritual domains were above 5. Only the variable anxiety present in the psychological domain, showed average below 5 (4.69). By comparing the average of the four domains, the best score was the spiritual well-being (7.65), and the lowest, the psychological well-being (7.05). The association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the quality of life scores revealed significance between religion and the social domain (p = 0.042); between the occupation and the physical domain (p = 0.041), the psychological domain (p = 0.006) and quality of life total (p = 0.010); between body mass index and the psychological domain (p = 0.002) and QOL (p = 0.007); between the position of the stoma and the physical domain (p = 0.003), the psychological domain (p = 0.013) and QOL (p = 0.012); and the types of stoma complications with the psychological domain (p = 0.018) and QOL (p = 0.045). Conclusion: The quality of life can be considered satisfactory among the research subjects, however it is recommended that the multidisciplinary group, especially nursing, be more attentive to the psychological domain, in order to propose strategies that will contribute to improve the quality of life, as well as questions that influence on how these people live and which can stimulate the progress of health services.

Introduction: it is undeniable that the evolution of mobile computing devices, associated with the development of capacities for operation in wireless network, potencializes new ways to use them for nursing care provision, enabling to extend information systems up with the patient. Objectives: to developing an application for mobile device that allows data logging for systematization of nursing care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and implementing the prototype allowing to identify the nurses' perception about their use. Method: this is a methodological research of applied type, developed in the NICU of the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital, located in the city of João Pessoa, PB. The main technologies used for the development of software were the Ruby programming language, Ruby on Rails and JavaScript; Bootstrap framework; Ubuntu Linux production server, Nginx Webserver and PostgreSQL Database Management System. The software was developed in the period from May to September 2014 and used by nurses for thirty days, from 9th September to 9th October 2014. The study included five nurses who develop their activities in the NICU. To evaluating the application there was developed a semi-structured questionnaire and the results analyzed through the content thematic analysis of the method Bardin. There were obeyed guidelines inherent in the research protocol contained in Resolution No. 466/12, National Health Council (CNS). The project was approved and registered with the National Information System on Ethics in Research involving Human Subjects, with CAAE-25890914.5.0000.5183. Results: with respect to mobile technology used, in general, nurses do not present difficulties, because they have familiarity with this type of device. Those who experienced difficulties with the frequent use of the system, the obstacles were minimized. Overall, it is emphasized that the application includes features for SAE in NICU, but changes are suggested as the interface of screens and some terms of data collection and parameters available by the applicable. In the view of the study participants, the main contributions of software for mobile technology are: agility to develop and document the SAE, freedom of movement, evaluation of standardization of the newborn, time optimization in carrying out bureaucratic activities, ability to retrieve information and reducing the physical space occupied. Conclusion: therefore, a system for SAE in mobile technology allows flexibility in carrying out registration activities by the nurse, since the data collection can be performed at the bedside; in addition, offers numerous advantages to this professional work routine.

Introduction: In Brazil, the wounds affect the population in general, regardless of sex, age or ethnicity, is a serious public health problem due to the large number of patients with changes in skin integrity, although few records of such calls . The high number of people with ulcers contributes to link public spending, in addition to interfering in their quality of life. It is important that nursing care is grounded in a theoretical model and the scientific methodology of the nursing process and documented, and a source of information. In this study, we chose to use the conceptual model of Basic Human Needs of Horta, who besides being one of the most widespread throughout the country, sets service of the chosen clientele. Objective: To build data collection tool for people with wounds grounded in the conceptual model of the basic human needs of Wanda de Aguiar Horta. Methodology: This is a methodological research, which was carried out in the wound care clinic Otacílio Gama Foundation of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Paraíba, in João Pessoa – PB, developed in three stages: identification of empirical indicators Basic Human Needs; validation of empirical indicators for judges and construction of the data collection instrument. Results: Empirical indicators of Basic Human Needs were identified from the literature, organized into 350 indicators, divided into 279 physiological needs, 5 psychospiritual needs and 66 psychosocial needs, the validation of empirical indicators happened to nursing professors of the Facult of Medical Sciences of Paraiba and the Federal University of Paraíba. After the validated indicators remained 116 physiological needs, one need psychospiritual and 10 psychosocial needs, and built a data collection tool, organized according to the Basic Human Needs of Horta. Conclusions: This research will bring great contributions to the outpatient clinic of the Otacílio Gama Foudation of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Paraíba, since the same instruments did not exist documenting a nursing care methodology. The construction of these instruments provide data related to nursing care in the wound care clinic, thinking about the operation of the nursing process, facilitating communication and registration assistance.

Introduction: vulnerability consists of a multidimensional construct in which behavioral, socio-cultural, economic and political conditions interact with biological processes throughout life. Although there is little studied in gerontology, the quoted concept emphasizes the need for expansion of integral and contextualized care in the health of the elderly through the recognition of individual and collective aspects. Objective: identifying the physical, social and programmatic vulnerability among the elderly in the Family Health Strategy of the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional descriptive survey of a quantitative approach, performed with 368 elderly served by the Family Health Strategy of the referred municipality. Data collection occurred between the months of February to April 2014, through structured interview. The instrument used included sociodemographic characterization, the Vulnerable Elderly Survey (VES-13), the Social Vulnerability Index (IVS), as well as issues related to programmatic vulnerability. The data were compiled and analyzed with the aid of the statistical program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Descriptive analysis was made of the data, and logistic regression tests of associations, considering statistically significant variable when p < 0,05. Project approved by the Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, under paragraph 0658/13. Result: it was noted that most elderly were women (68,8%), with ages ranging between 60 to 69 years old (45,9%), married (39,9%), with 4 to 8 years of study (32,6%) and household income of 1.0 to 3.3 minimum wages. Regarding the clinical conditions, it was showed that 84% of the elderly reported having three or more of the diseases, highlighting, among them, the vision problems (21,1%), hypertension (19,2%) and varicose veins (13,7%). There was identified in the present study, that 52% of individuals were physically vulnerable, with female predominance (72,4%) and aged 70 to 79. Had bad health self-assessment as well as difficulties in the mobility and performance of activities of daily living. After analysis, it was found that the majority of elderly people resided in areas of low social vulnerability. Among the population investigated, most did not have medical or dental private insurance, using more frequently the single health system services (SUS). Conclusion: recognizing the factors that contribute to the vulnerability in the elderly person can assist professionals and health managers in promoting integral and resolutive interventions for this population.

Introduction: The caring is part of basic needs for the survival of human life, and is often in the way of the man act and relate. However, routinely, caring for the other causes numerous and complex conditions of physical wear and psychic, therefore it is imperative that the caregiver, be it health professional or not, you can book a time to take care of themselves. It was from this perspective that emerged the training course for multipliers in workshops - "Caring for the caregiver" /ransom of self-esteem, which was created in order to provide a space for the care and health professional. Objective: To know the experiences of health care professionals in caring for themselves after their participation in a training course for multipliers in workshops - "Caring for the caregiver" /ransom of self-esteem; enumerating the main changes in personal and professional dimensions of these professionals, after their participation in the course; and identify the possibilities of care used by health professionals to seek other care practices. Method: Qualitative study of nature-comprehensive interpretative guided by assumptions of Thematic Oral History. It was performed in the city of Joao Pessoa - PB, with the public health professionals who participated in the course. We obtained the empirical material through recorded interviews with eight collaborators, and this material has been analyzed on the basis of thematic content analysis proposed by Minayo. Results: After the identification of vital tones and themes present in the testimonies, emerged two thematic axs: I - participating in the training course for multipliers in workshops - "Caring for the Caregiver" /ransom of self-esteem: a wake-up call for the pamper yourself in personal dimension and professional; and II - health professionals: discovering opportunities and care practices. From the reports of the collaborators, it was noted that the participation in this course brought positive effects in interpersonal relationships, opportunities for self-reflection, self-knowledge and the rediscovery of the self; in addition, they realized that they were not the solution to the problems of others and absorbs them made them evil. There was also an improvement of the symptoms related to occupational wear, such as stress, anxiety and extreme exhaustion. Among the practices of care performed, were cited especially the not allopathy, that meet human needs in an integrated way, as acupuncture, tai-chi-chuan, yoga, reiki, biodance, circular dances, Ayurvedic massage, in addition to the practice of sports, walking and other. Conclusion: In general, it was observed that the course has changed significantly the way in which the collaborators perceived and practiced self-care, in addition to awaken in them the desire to seek new practices of care. Thus, it is concluded that the course is in line with the principles of the SUS, since its focus is based on health promotion and disease prevention.

Introduction: People with disabilities have physical and / or sensory that are closely related to accessibility issues. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure these individuals the effective exercise of citizenship and social life by the right to freedom and independence to come and go. Objective: To analyze the accessibility of people with physical and / or sensory impairment in the Family Health Units. Methodology: This is a descriptive exploratory research with a quantitative approach, performed in 90 buildings that make up the health units of the family in the city of João Pessoa - Paraiba. The data, which were collected during the months from March to May 2014, through a structured instrument developed from the Brazilian Standard 9050 of the Brazilian Technical Standards Association, were compiled and analyzed with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social sciences version 20.0. Performed a descriptive analysis of the data and the association test, with statistically significant variable when p <0.05. Results: There was a lack of accessibility in almost all items analyzed in the units. Among them, who presented with a statistically significant association in relation to the physical structure on the way home / health institution were: no crosswalk (85.6%); curb kneeling at strategic points (65.6%); signs indicating the route to the institution (98.9%); lights fitted with pushbuttons (96.7%) and buzzer (100.0%); private parking for people with disabilities (97.8%); Access International symbol (SIA) on inputs and outputs (100.0%); obstacle free route of the parking spot to the entrance of the institution (81.1%) and signals with sound information on emergency exits or escape routes (100.0%). With regard to internal areas of health institutions, the results showed that 56.7% of the units where there are ramps, only 30.0% have maximum slope to minimize the efforts person with disabilities; in 32.2%, the floor is non-slip, and 2.2% the finish is differentiated at the beginning and end of the ramp to guide people with visual impairments. Concerning the securities and sanitation facilities in 100.0% of them there are no text information written in Braille; 60.0% do not have adequate toilets for people with disabilities, and 92.2% are not properly signed by the SIA. Conclusion: Urge the relentless pursuit to enhance accessibility for people with disabilities because it recognized that public policies and institutions do not meet this emerging need brings out the need to reform this care and reorganize the health services.

The change of the attention to mental health model within the NHS is directed to the expansion of health care practices that seek to include and integrate the different subject areas of society, implementing care technologies in order to promote health promotion and prevention of illness mental. In this sense, the Caring for the Caregiver / Rescue Self-esteem acts as a light care technology that provides a forum for support, speaking and listening, which in turn enables its members to redeem their self-esteem, helping them to face and overcome the difficulties of everyday life. This research aimed to: identify care practices offered by care spaces that arouse in the users the desire to care for themselves; investigate the motivation of health professionals about the development of workshops with community care. It is a comprehensive research of qualitative-interpretative approach to the study of which was used thematic oral history as a methodological way. The setting of the research was the center of Integrative and Complementary Practices - Balance of Being and the Center for Comprehensive Care Health, located in the city of João Pessoa - PB.O empirical data were obtained through interviews with ten employees and the analysis of this material was performed based on the thematic analysis proposed by Minayo, which enabled the construction of the thematic axes: I - Relationship care of themselves and each other: awakening to resilience; II - Workshops taking care of the caregiver / redemption of self-esteem, motivation of health workers. The speeches of the collaborators revealed significant changes in personal and professional context in which it was revealed that the workshops of care made possible the rescue of self-esteem, awakening to the resilience, the look itself from the self, reinforcing the concept of autonomy, contributing to the (re) signification of his life story, his sufferings. The process of change observed from the inclusion of these individuals in the workshops of care, fostered a better understanding of self and other, recognizing the dialectical relationship of care and also contribute to the establishment and strengthening of bonds. We conclude therefore, that taking care of the caregiver / redemption of self-esteem corroborates with the principles of the NHS, encouraging the implementation and consolidation of new care practices that enhance health promotion, prevention and restoration of health of individuals, families and communities so integral.

Introduction: The sexual behavior of the elderly over the sixties is marked by myths and taboos and has suffered several changes that altered the epidemiological profile of some diseases such as aids, making the elderly more vulnerable. It is well known that the construction of nursing diagnosis statements stimulate discussions about the planning of health initiatives directed to the needs of the elderly people and also the prevention, control and care of the elderly in a context of vulnerability. Objective: The present study aims to build nursing diagnosis statements for the elderly in the context of vulnerabilities to the HIV/Aids. Methodology: It is a descriptive explanatory study carried out with 20 elderly in a Family Health Unity in João Pessoa/Paraíba from June to July/2014. The data collection was made through semi-structured interview. All the information was organized and analyzed by the categorical theme technique of content analysis. After the identification of theme categories and subcategories, a term database was built in order to cross map the information with the terms of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP® 2013). Finally, the present study built nursing diagnosis statements based on the Seven Axes Model of ICNP®2013 and classified them according to the vulnerability conceptual framework. Approved by the ethics committee by the judgment nº 084/14. CAEE: 27945014.0.0000.5188. Results: Among the studied population there was a prevalence of elderly women (55%), married (55%), Catholic (70%), with a family income of one minimum wage (80%), age group from 60 to 65 years old (45%) and low education (40%). Two term database were built, one with terms present in the CIPE® 2013 and the other with non CIPE® 2013 terms; these two groups resulted in the construction of 24nursing diagnosis statements according to the following thematic categories:1) Social Conditions category, 10 nursing diagnosis statements were built, such as health knowledge, appropriate; family knowledge about the disease, present; health knowledge, damaged; sadness; fear of death; lifespan, conflictive; anguish; ability to talk about the death process, present; anxiety to death; communication service, damaged; health pursuit, damaged; 2) Cognitive Conditions, 7 nursing diagnosis statements were built: awareness of prevention measures; risk of exposure to contamination; self knowledge about the disease, present; lack of knowledge about the disease; prevention role, inadequate; fear of exposure to contamination and lack of knowledge about sexual behavior; 3)Behavioral Conditions, 7 nursing diagnosis statements were built: sexual performance, present; sexual performance, absent; denial of adherence to safety measures (condoms); gender role, damaged; fear of contamination; risky sexual relation; ability to protect, damaged. Conclusion: By describing conceptions and behaviors in a context of vulnerability to the HIV/Aids it was clear, in a broad way, that aids is connected with different types of vulnerabilities. Constructing the nursing diagnosis statements brought to light the needs of the health care, such as reflexions about the elderly health needs in a context of vulnerabilities to the HIV/Aids that will allow the planning of a systematic nursing care, benefit the nurse in his practices and also help to improve health initiatives to this age group.

Introduction: The increasing longevity leads health professionals, especially nurses, to worry about care for the elderly, especially in primary care. We seek to identify risk factors for promoting health and preventing diseases, thus providing a healthier aging. Objective: Validate the terminological subset of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) for the elderly. Method: Methodological study included the following stages: 1) mapping of the statements of diagnoses/nursing outcomes with previously agreed concepts of the ICNP® 2013; 2) preparation of operational definitions for the statements of diagnoses/nursing outcomes; 3) validation by expert consensus of operational definitions for the statements of diagnoses/nursing outcomes; 4) validation by consensus of nursing interventions for the statements of diagnoses/nursing outcomes validated in the previous stage; 5) reorganization of the subset according to the life model, with preparation of an instrument for elderly nursing consultation; and 6) clinical operationalization of the terminological subset of the ICNP® for the elderly. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Center for Health Sciences of the Federal University of Paraiba (CCS/UFPB), under the Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appreciation (CAAE) 24301613.9.0000.5188. Results and discussion: The cross-mapping resulted in 81 (63.8%) statements of diagnoses/nursing outcomes that were included and 46 (36.2%) that were not included in the ICNP® 2013. Operational definitions were prepared for the 127 statements included in the terminological subset of the ICNP® for the elderly, according to the factors that influence on the life activities of the life model, and 1 instrument for expert validation. There were 5 face to face meetings, totaling 11 hours of discussion, in June and July 2014, with approval by consensus of 105 (82.8%) diagnoses/nursing outcomes and their respective operational definitions; 4 diagnoses/nursing outcomes were classified into the environmental factor, 64 into the biological, 3 into the political and economic, 26 into the psychological, and 8 into the sociocultural. The validation by consensus of nursing interventions resulted in 101 statements of diagnoses/nursing outcomes, for which 441 nursing interventions were validated by consensus, totaling an average of 4.3 statements of nursing interventions per diagnosis for the elderly. There are 8 nursing interventions into the environmental factor, 281 into the biological, 8 into the political and economic, 107 into the psychological, and 37 into the sociocultural. The reorganization of the terminological subset of the ICNP® for the elderly was structured with: Guidelines for use; Importance to nursing; Theoretical model of the subset structure; Statements of the terminological subset; Instrument for elderly nursing consultation; and Example and case study. The clinical operationalization of the subset took place through 5 case studies, individually described and interpreted from a comprehensive viewpoint. Final remarks: We found out that it is possible to validate the terminological subset of the ICNP® for the elderly, since the statements of diagnoses/nursing outcomes are concepts included in the ICNP® 2013 and they show up as relevant for the nursing practice with the elderly.

This study aimed to assess the understanding of nursing students about the process of nursing care, which determine the understanding of these on the spiritual nursing care, identify whether to offer patients a spiritual nursing care from the Understanding these, describe the proposed curriculum of this institution is developed in order to favor a committed practice with the human being as a whole, involving spiritual care, and identify if people cared for by students in traineeship presented or shown to have a relationship mutual with the world and with God. This is a field research, descriptive, with a qualitative approach, having as a scope a nursing theory based on interactive process proposed by Dr. Callista Roy, who takes as a philosophical assumption that people have mutual relationships with the world and with God. The research was conducted at the Federal University of Paraíba, linked to the Health Sciences Centre and Department of Clinical Nursing, precisely in Nursing Techniques Laboratory, located in the city of João Pessoa / PB. The study gathered six nursing students of the tenth period selected by the inclusion criteria. Data were collected consecutively to the approval of this research by the Ethics Committee, under CAAE No 35391514.3.0000.5188. Therefore, with respect to data collection, it was held in October 2014, under the guidance of a form containing relevant issues to the study objectives, pointing out that, for the record data, a recording system was used audio, previously clarified as consentimento. Já term the technique used for this purpose was the focal group. Data analysis occurred through the Bardin content analysis technique. It was observed that the students correlate the care process with the exhibition held in the classroom and as enabler tool of development of their motor skills, rather than reflections on the essence of care. Thus, they did not know and need to set directly spiritual nursing care; before, correlated with spirituality and religiosity. Unanimously affirmed the importance of offering patients a spiritual nursing care, but the immaturity of the clinical practice, have not done due to numerous technical procedures to be performed, while also stating that the proposed curriculum of this institution favored this learning and, finally, that all people cared for them had a mutual relationship with the world and with God. However, it is nurses to perform and understand the importance of spiritual care, to exercise it continuously to view the inseparably patient, as it really is, taking into account their ethical and moral values grounded in pointing to a practice based on the scientific rigor, but also the love and commitment for others, moving away from the daily care mechanistic justified by arguments failed.

Introduction: Palliative care is a philosophy of interdisciplinary care that aims to improve the quality of life of patients with life threatening diseases and families, acting in the physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions and bereavement support. This dissertation consists of two different articles, theoretical and empirical, whose central thematic focus between them are palliative care and bereavement. The first, theoretical, is entitled palliative and bereavement care: a bibliometric study. Objective: To analyze the scientific production published in online journals on palliative care and bereavement. Methodology: bibliometric review, whose sample consisted of articles published in the period from 2005 to 2014, available in LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, PubMed, SciELO and DOAJ. Results: We identified 48 studies disseminated in 37 journals, including the Journal Palliative Medicine Journal that was the most published on the subject, and the American Journal of Psychiatry showed the highest impact factor. Most of the papers produced by researchers of the medical area and predominated authors with the title of doctor. Conclusion: It was found that the production of knowledge involving palliative care and bereavement remains weak in the investigated period, which requires the expansion of knowledge on this theme and the issues surrounding it. The second study is a unique research, entitled: patients families Structure in palliative care about anticipatory grief: study based on the Calgary model. Objective: To analyze the structure of families of patients under palliative care about anticipatory grief in the light of Calgary Model. Methodology: This is a field of study with a qualitative approach, the participation of five families of patients under palliative care in a hospital in the city of João Pessoa - PB. To enable the collection of data, we used the genogram and eco-map. The empirical material was analyzed through the Calgary Model. Results: The results derived from research were described in two stages. The first, presented to the genogram and eco-map, from the stories told by the participating families of the research; and second, structural analysis of families in the light of the Calgary Model. Families highlighted the experience of a disease without therapeutic possibilities of cure as a process of profound loss, evidenced by the fragility that the disease imposes progressively and that lead them to experience a anticipatory grief. Conclusion: The utilization of family assessment model allowed for a larger view of the families included in the study and understanding of internal relations, external and context. Therefore, it is considered essential that nurses can work together with the family regarding the anticipatory grief to meet the needs and care of the person in palliative care. It is expected that the data obtained can support further research on the topic.

Introduction: The Brazilian population is aging at an increasing rate, especially in recent decades. Adequate food and good nutrition are essential to improve the lives of older people. Inadequate nutritional status affects the entire body system and can lead to weight loss, muscle atrophy and reduced tissue mass, and it is one of the most important factors in the etiology of pressure ulcers (PU), acting in its pathogenesis and its healing. Objective: To determine the association between the nutritional status classification and the risk scores for pressure ulcer development in institutionalized elderly. Methodology: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, population-based study, of quantitative approach, performed in long term care facilities for seniors in the city of João Pessoa / PB, Brazil. The population consisted of 321 elderly. Data were collected from January to December 2013. The Braden Scale and the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) were used as instruments. Concerning the data analysis, absolute distribution and percentage were obtained, and inferential statistical techniques were employed, finally analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. The study was approved by the Committee on Ethics in Research of the Health Sciences Center/UFPB, according to Prot. n. 0468/12, CAEE: 02043712.4.0000.5188. Results: 243 (75.7%) of the 321 surveyed elderly were female, mean age of 81.09 years old. The average time of institutionalization corresponded to 62.21 months, about five years. According to the assessment of nutritional status by MNA®, 127 (39.6%) were at risk of malnutrition and 101 (35.5%) were malnourished. In the screening by MNA, 247 (77%) reported not having decreased their intake, 171 (53.3) showed no weight loss and 88 (27.4%) did not know. Regarding neuropsychological problems, 100 (31.2%) of them had mild dementia, and 78 (24.3%) presented dementia or severe depression; 103 (32.1%) were bedridden or used wheelchair, and 69 (21.5%) could walk. The association between the Braden Scale and the MNA was demonstrated statistically by the chi-square test, p <0.005. According to the logistic regression tests, the elderly with nutritional status at risk of malnutrition or malnourished are more likely to develop PU than those with adequate nutritional status. Conclusion: Senior citizens at risk of developing pressure ulcers can be identified early, through nutritional assessment, since the risk of developing PU can be directly correlated to malnutrition. It is essential, therefore, to establish prevention programs in long term care facilities for the aged to subsidize the interventions of the multidisciplinary health team in order to control risk factors, including nutritional parameters.

The important achievements of feminist struggles and the Human Rights agenda, which discuss the social construction of gender, find at school an important space for the debate that promotes gender equality. This piece of research focuses reading practices at school and the promotion of this debate, aiming at analyzing the discourses of (male and female) teachers, as reading mediators, on gender relations. As its theoretical framework, this study considers the definition of reading proposed by Soares (2001, 2011), Orlandi (2008) and Silva, E. T. (2009, 2011); contemporary feminist studies (LOURO, 2012; COSTA, 2009; PISCITELLI, 2002); reflections proposed in the field of Discourse Analysis (POSSENTI, 2009) and the foucauldian discussions on power and subjectivity (FOUCAULT, 2004a, 2004b, 2004c, 2011, 2012). This qualitative investigation has as its locus a public primary school in the city of João Pessoa – PB while developing its reading project. Data wasgenerated from the analysis of the reading project document, lesson observations, reading material used in the sessions, reports by the teachers and a questionnaire. The results indicate that the debate concerning gender relations does not emerge in the reading project activities or the teachers’ voices studied.

This paper has the main propose to present a reflection on the different ways of speaking at school Focuses respect to variations of the Portuguese without prejudice and seeks to contribute to improving the teaching of the mother tongue. To implement this action research study , we rely on the Theory Sociolinguistics Variationist initiated by Labov, which triggered proposals for language teaching , guided by the correlation between language and society , as well as contributions to the teaching of the mother tongue in this theoretical context , and Brazilian scholars as Bortoni-Ricardo (2005, 2008), Marcos Bagno (2005, 2007) , among others. The participating class of this study are students of the 5th year of the Schools of Municipal Schools in the city of João Pessoa. With the focus on the principle of heterogeneity of language focuses our pedagogical actions of interactional character in the classroom, to reflect on the "appropriate" and "not appropriate " in regard to language as a communication situation. Thus, we seek to present oral and written cultural norms for students with defined criteria and methods that lead to reflection and not allow prejudice, as we believe, with language, is also socially. We hope through this study has raised a new look at linguistic prejudice, that it can gradually be minimized in society, and is the school that this work should start in the search for a society where there is no more people who are stigmatized for their use speech . Experience has shown that working with linguistic variation, focusing on combating linguistic prejudice, can be an effective teaching tool, as a new proposal for teaching the English language according to the PCN seeks greater linguistic awareness.

In this paper we present a project of a pedagogical intervention which is a conclusion of a research for a Master’s Degree in Linguistics and Teaching of UFPB. Its subject is: curriculum in child education: a reflective look for (re)thinking the development of orality in children from four to five years old. It was developed in one of the main full-time child education institutes of João Pessoa city, which works only with children in the target age of the research. The research started in February and ended in September 2013. In its structure we specify what was developed in the school with twelve teachers (including the researcher) by means of a collaborative project essential to guide and encourage all moments experienced during its execution. The objective of the project was to arrange studies and reflections about curriculum, specifically Child Education curriculum, focusing on orality, and to reflect and make the participants aware of the importance of experiencing orality daily in school, and sharing the knowledge in pedagogy workshops. We used a qualitative research approach in a collaborative way, highlighting data we analyzed in a constant dialogue with the theory, realizing they show ways for (re)constructing the Child Education curriculum, revealing the importance of continuous formation for our professional and personal growth, announcing possibilities of implementing teacher’s practices, associating them to the joy and enchant of being in a Child Education Institute.

This work, which forms part of a social interactionist perspective, aims to analyze the entry of the child in the genre interview, noting the use of language and non-verbal aspects to understand the use of orality in their multi-system. To develop it theoretically lean on Marcuschi (2001), "The constitution of the oral teaching as a legitimate goal therefore requires, first of all, a clarification of oral language practices that will be explored at school and a characterization of linguistic specificities and the practical knowledge involved in them "and yet, in sociodiscursivas theories Marcuschi (2003) present in genres. For the analyzes, we based the analysis model of the texts in the sociointeracionismo theoretical framework proposed by Bakhtin (2002) and the conception of language as explained by interaction TRAVAGLIA (1997) and Faria (2013). Still follow the studies on oral genre considering the written and Cavalcante de Melo (2006) and Dolz and Schneuwly (2004) and interviews, adopted by Hoffnagel (2003). In the transcripts we used the Elan program which is a free software, easy to use, enables better organization and display of the transcribed data. Methodologically, we start from a study on the use of linguistic strategies used by ten (10) children from 3:04, the Municipal School of João Pessoa. Subsequently used in the Elan program for data storage. Our analysis points to a pragmatic knowledge already settled by the children of the interview genre as well as an oral presentation on their multi-system, ie the realization of the language to the extra from an early age. Perceive these investigations language strategies as activities that build both the interaction and by interaction. We believe that the success of social activities for these children is directly linked to language strategies that infants use in social interaction throughout their lives. Thus, the choice of genre that children are used to pass along your ideas is key and will make the coenunciador subject fully understands the purpose of the communication.

This research is based on studies of Argumentative Semantics and textual linguistics. It focus on argumentation and textual organization, aiming to observe the use and advancement in the use of argumentative operators that elementary school students have done in textual productions of the genre opinion piece. The texts collected were produced at different moments. At first, the students produced freely from a controversial topic that was selected by themselves. At the second stage of this observation, the students produced texts under supervision, this activity aimed to contribute to a more efficient use of argumentative operators and, therefore, we base our study in the use of didactic sequence proposed by Dolz, Schneuwly and Noverraz (2010). The theoretical background is based on the authors Ducrot (1987.1988), Garcia (2010), Marcuschi (2008), Koch (2000.2011), Birth (2012) and Cabral (2011). The argument will be treated from the studies developed by French Oswald Ducrot. The TAL (Argumentation Theory in Language) is based on the notion that argumentativity is inserted in the linguistic form. The work presented is the result of a search action, considering that I am a teacher of students whose writings formed the corpus for analysis, as well as being the researcher. During the collection of the corpus, the analyze was developed taking into account the socionteracionist theory of language, which takes into consideration the context that involves the written practice, that is, a process which involves the writer, the purpose of the material written, and the interaction with the receiver. This study is the outcome of a particular research, considering that I am the teacher of the students who provided the corpus for this analysis, as well as I am the researcher. While analyzing the texts, we followed the qualitative procedures. At first, we tried to identify the occurrence of argumentative operators in two versions of the genre investigated and its diversities of forms, aiming to quantify both operators and forms. In a second moment, this analyze focused on the use of these operators aiming to see if the use thereof has reached the communicative purpose desired. Thus, in this analyze, it was possible to verify whether there was adequate textual articulation in a sense of effective appropriation and use of these operators, and also if the discursive relations established were architected in better argumentative way.