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In the region of the Reconcavo of Bahia, medium and small cities, older centers of the urban and regional economy, after decades of economic stagnation and population decline, receive attention from the Govern through programs and action which intend to rescue the lost economic development for the new knots of the urban system in this region. In Cachoeira (32,252 inhabitants) Federal and State programs and actions, as the campus of the Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia(Ministry of Education), the Monumenta Program (Ministry of the Culture) and the Project of Ethnic Tourism (Ministry of Tourism), involving a great amount of investments, are implementing in order to promote the urban reorganization, requalification and refunctionalization of the historical buildings, generation of income and job, through the incentive of services and commerce linked to the offer of higher education and the tourism. The new inhabitants, as well as the new students, who pass just hours in the city and generally possess greater income than the local population, are stimulating the increase of the values of rent and acquisition of housing. We find an important modification in the job structure and in the infrastructure of the city, bringing new functions and services. Processes of economic and social exclusion, as well the segregation of part of the local population, are evidenced. The oldest inhabitants are in the border of the new urban, social and economic development.

From this case study we discuss elements that may contribute to the geographical analysis of the historical patrimony. Among them, we highlight the importance of employment of the concept of landscape and procedures of analysis as: the investigation of the context in which it gave the origin of patrimony, the study of the process of valuate of this buildings as patrimonies, and the identification of the forms of theirs appropriation. As a procedures research, we use the bibliographic analysis and of conducted interviews with representatives of the Secretariat of Tourism, the Cultural Foundation and the management of the cultural area.

The exploitation of oil has significant element for the Sergipe´s economy. However, the contradiction between the subsoils rich and poor people raises key questions about the management of these resources and the living conditions of the population. Such conditions, the entry of new actors in the scenery for the exploration of oil in Sergipe and the management of resources of exploration, instilling relations peculiar to neo-liberal policy in the region and in Sergipe. The study was developed from the analysis and crossing of information available in the national agency oil (ANP), the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Court of Auditors (TCU) and Petrobrás, among other public and private sectors. The lack of adequate social policies which offer people conditions to insertion in political, economic and social - producing region oil Sergipe has prevented the development and effective change in the pattern of life, showing the inconsistency between the high values deposited in the public coffers municipal arising from royalties and the high poverty rates presented in the region. This situation reinforces the idea that public policies should be elaborated to reduce of the inequality from the responsible management of public resources.

The globalization in its neoliberal aspect is presented as the unique economic option to reach the development, but a more critical look reveals that is a fable that hides a socially excluding system for a growing majority of the global population and with negative consequences on environment. In front of anti-globalization acts, the capitalism appropriates itself of the environmentalist slogans, but gets only a bit more “green” without questioning the structural roots of the environmental problems. Nevertheless, the progress of the new technologies of information allows to get heard the voice of the excluded, among them, the traditional populations. In the environmental debate, the conservationism is marking points with the official recognition to integrate the traditional populations in policies of environmental protection thanks to their traditional knowledge. The processes of participation should consider the differences of perception of nature by the local populations and promote the autonomy of these ones. In the Bay of Iguape, the extrativist reserve (resex) has a Deliberative Counsel, but this sphere is not adequate for planning and management of natural resources. For this, it is proposed, through the realization of workshops in the area, the creation of an association of users of the resex, tools more adapted to potentialize the power of the users and manage the quotidian life of the resex.

This article introduces issues about the environmental approachs that hide territory, space, social classes, and move the conflicts of destructive production, to plann the use of resources in the 20st century. Detaches aspects of ocupation of the territory, of the technics and the capitals move. Introduces ideas to rethink topics that involve the environmental issues and the necessity to surpass the unique thought.

Architecture is seen in this paper as a possibility to understand and, above all, to rethink the contemporary world so that we can contribute for the construction of a more equitable future where the differences are respected. From this perspective, an engaged architecture would have always to consider Urbanism so as to understand the city as a level of settling Society’s movement and not only as a scenario where multiple languages are expressed. As it is an essay, the text aims more at raising questions and stimulating debate than at presenting results or answers.

To understand the production of space in urban informal settlements, we should perceive it not as just a product of the urban poverty concentration or an incomplete imitation of formal structures, sharing the same symbolic values. Albeit calling themselves as “communities” - a way to emphasizes the idea of “living among equals” - the Brazilians slums are, in fact, quite a heterogeneous space, with strong internal tensions and diverse possibilities of appropriation and sense of belonging. A territory organized by specific procedures and spatial tactics, settled and transformed by a dynamic everyday life, making possible to produce a very rich spacial structure and social networks. Typical urban practices found in those informal settlements may be understood as tactic movements, in Certeau´s assumption. As tactics they can develop a creative capacity to deal with the established power relations, acting in the system fissures, to overcome some aspects of economical and social precariousness in a segregated structure.

This paper analyses the relation between social identity and place identity. It focuses on the discourse built by the inhabitants of Benfica – a neighborhood in the city of Fortaleza-Ceará-Brazil – about their neighborhood and about the area called Gentilândia, which is considered to be more traditional and cultural in relation to the surrounding areas and their inhabitants. Thus, it is observed how an urban area is differentially valorized through representations which the inhabitants create of themselves and of the place they live in, drawing borders between inhabitants and places.

This article analyzes Brasília in its current development stage, which is not separated from Brazilian urbanization process under globalization. In this condition the space production becomes increasingly dependent on capital evaluation, which enlarges and deepens the space fragmentation in combination with its own shortage (in which is clearly presented modern society contradictions). The analysis method has articulated theoretical presuppositions of urban enterprising to proposals of Project “Orla” urban restructuring to this new space construction. Results show close relation between urban policies and economic practice (mainly in real state sector extension and modern tertiary) in the processes Pilot Plan urbanization.

The study on tertiary demand a multidisciplinary look. To confer to the tertiary a multifaceted perspective will give us a contribuition to watch the ways of activities that urges for its own theory. The complexity of the phenomenon requests a new reading of the old and recent concepts for the construction of a particular theoretical skeleton to the tertiary to understand its reality as a vital force of the process of current production and reorganization of the territories.

This article analyzes some aspects related to water resources on different scales, its social and economical uses, and associated environmental services. It considers the relevance and need for public policies that guarantee water security through mechanisms that enable equitable access either quantity as quality to water, for attending human hydrical activities demand, and associated water activities demand too. It raises issues about the pressure suffered, either by direct capture and commanding uses as a hydrical resource, as input for economic activities or significant changes in environmental systems responsible for refilling or maintenance of these water reservations. In this context, the emerging issues and conflicts of interest in many different orders, create complex scenarios, where business models must adapt to new realities, especially the challenges caused by increased urbanization and the demands required to meet the growing urban human settlements, Periurban and rural areas. Finally, a scenery for Brazil, presenting necessary tools for understanding these hydrical resources potential, as well as an warning for direct and indirect alert signals, for taking necessary demeanors to ensure an effective strategic planning and efficient management of water resources uses.

This text presents a panorama of development of the geographic researches in Bahia till the present days, focuses on the Milton Santos’s influence in this process. Highlights the importance of creation of the Geomorphology and Regional Studies Laboratory at the University of Bahia which was responsible for the formation of a generation of researchers, promoting the theoretical and methodological renovation of the Geographic studies, with the participation of many invited professors from Brazil and abroad. Focuses more on the creation of Postgraduate Geography courses what became an immense incentive for research. Lists and comments the main subjects and works produced, highlighting the Regional Geography and Urban Geography, which focalize on the Bahia Dryland, the Semiarid, the “Recôncavo”, the city of Salvador and its neighborhoods, environment, cultural life and new centralities.

The methodological issues of the Urban Historical Geography to examine cities in the long duration are discussed in this text. Two concepts are initially proposed: the “thick periods” and the “temporal hiatus”. The literature including different authors from different subjects dealing with the periodization of the cities is evaluated. Finally, a methodological proposal is presented for (1) using the cited periodizations; (2) examining contexts; (3) analysing the agents; and (4) the spatial development of the cities.

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After 1950 some economic and political transformations occurred, influencing in the urbanization process of the city of Salvador/BA. These changes provoked some important changes in the urban structure, such as the redefinition of the time-space relationship and the introduction of new equipments, marking the start of urban and city restructuration. The process was produced by the State, among with other agents, and its consequences demonstrate the formation of a new characteristic of the urban structure, understood as the multi(poly)centralité. The current centers are differentiated by the amount and by the interests of the social groups. The olds centers and oters centers had gone through a process of change in its characteristics. The new centers are related to the materiality of the current urban logic and its influences in the city. Due to the social inequality and the high value of the urban ground, the access to market spaces translates conflicts and group interests.

This writing is intended to understand, from Historical Geography, the main aspects concerning the territorial formation of the West of Bahia, between the years 1827, when the Brazilian imperial government ordered the annexation of the region by the Province of Bahia to the detriment of Pernambuco, and 1985, the date that marked the introduction of techniques induce the agricultural modernization in this region. The main objective of this paper is therefore to identify the agents of production space and territorial dynamics that resulted in the formation of technical means in Western Bahia along the cut-space of 158 years.

The school reality in Brazil shows that Climatology teach has not been developed in the Fundamental School II, or, when it occurs, is done based in traditional and classic Climatology, which factors and weather elements are analyzed individually, retracting nature in a static way and totally disconnected from the reality. Through the weather elements observation, it is intended to demonstrate of learnig the “climatologic contents” which can be verified through the popular proverbs. This study wants to show that, from the spontaneous daily observation of time and weather, with helps from the popular proverbs, the students of Fundamental School II may understand the relation of time and weather, as well as your prediction, taking the necessary precaution. For this activity is necessary a period of continuum observation to establish a sequential habit of the different types of weather from a specific season. The popular way of predict the weather started when men moved to caves, in the meantime, this habit have been get lost because of the society urbanization. To reinforce the importance of the popular proverbs to predict the weather, will be realized a brief historic of popular meteorology beginning until its relevance spotted by the National Curriculum Parameters for Geography.

In Rio de Janeiro, space segregation was already known at least since de mid nineteenth century. However, only in the first decades of the twetieth century there would be th basis for a new configuration of the space segregation in the city, with the creation and occupation of Copacabana district, causing th “invention” of the South Zone, “toponyn” until then not used, and of its opposite, the large area that became known as th “suburb”, a term wich until then had another meaning. The toponymy associated to these new areas of the expanding city was related to an representation that provided the grounds of residential segregation in Rio for many decades, until the end of the twentieth century, in the form of the dicotomy south zone/suburbs. The aim of this work is to show this process of consturuction of these representations and the process of change and building of a new model of segragation in Rio de Janeiro in the first decades of the twentieth century.

Urban growth, associated with technologic development, assigns new meanings to cities; new influences are delineated and create different parameters of sociability. Such parameters, many times constitute themselves from the flow of media products. Therefore, in Belo Horizonte, we see new spaces being formed or the same old locations transforming themselves thorough the appropriation of groups formed by the common taste for specific cultural products. This work intends to investigate, based on the manifestations connected with media products, how different identities establish themselves in the urban space and how they influence the appropriation and new uses ascribed to the space. Our approach has as an empirical object the manifestations linked with black music, most specifically to the Quarteirão do Soul, an event that takes place on saturday afternoons in the central region of Belo Horizonte. The Quarteirão do Soul was born as a form of reconnecting with friends that frequented the so called black parties in the center of the city in the 70s, and that, with the years were obliterated to the suburbs. This manifestation constitutes a form of resistance, because its participants appropriate themselves of the place without the clearance from the mayor’s office and it characterizes itself by the affirmation of the identity of its attendees, which mirror themselves in the discourse of equality preached by the soul movement represented primarily by the figure of the singer James Brown.

This article presents a reflection about two traditional neighborhoods in São Paulo city: Bela Vista and Parque Peruche. We looked at the samba schools’ organization Vai-Vai and Unidos do Peruche; so they are opening up new possibilities for the understanding of sociability and sense of locality. The delimitation has guided us to understand the dynamism between samba schools’ social relationships and their neighborhood.