RCAAP Repository

From 1981 to 1986, a study was conducted to assess the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in dogs at the Veterinary Hospital of the FederalUniversity of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. A total of 11.563 male and female dogs, of different breeds and ages were included. From these, 2.447 were diagnosed as having parasites in the feces (21.16%). Part of these dogs (1.672) were infested by one specie of parasite (68.32%) and 755 with various species (30.85%). The parasites found were the following: Ancylostoma spp (61.15%); Toxocara spp (24.45%); Dipylidium spp (8.28%); Isospora spp (4.62%); Trichuris spp (1.22%); Taenia spp (0.22%); Spirocerca spp (0.06%). Special attention was given to the Ancylostoma spp and Toxocara spp, responsible for zoonoses whose  incidence diminished year by year front the beginning of the study indicating a decrease tendency. In relation to the age intervals examined, the following data were obtained: 0 - 3 months old dogs, 28.2% infestation; 4 - 12 months old dogs, 36.33% and 13 - 24 months olddogs, 18.23% infestation. The results demonstrated that younger animals (to one year of age) were the most infected.

São apresentados os resultados obtidos em 47 cães submetidos a facectomia pelas técnicas extracapsular ou intracapsular. De 42 animais com catarata e operados pela técnica extracapsular, obteve-se recuperação da visão em 85,7% dos animais. Resultado semelhante foi obtido em 80% de 5 animaisque apresentavam catarata associada a luxação do cristalino, submetidos à técnica intracapsular.

The normal parameters of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for glucose, protein, globulin, urea, creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), leukocytes, color, turbidity and coagulation were determined in healthy dogs. Twenty adult mongrel dogs, 13 males and 17 females were submitted to a total of three cisternal punctures with an interval of 2-3 weeks between the collections. Following the procedures, the samples of cerebrospinal fluid were analysed for physical, chemical and cytologic aspects. Each determination was performed twice, in order to evaluate the employed method. The physical examination showed the CSF to be colorless, clear and no coagulation occured in 6 hours chemical and  cytologic examinations results, average and standard deviations, are the following: glucose 3.59 ± 0.42 irmol/l; protein 0.20 ± 0.06 g/l with traces of globulin; urea 5.99 ± 2.4 mmol/l; aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 32.72 ± 12.20 U/L; creatine kinase (CK) 17.1 ± 1.0 U/L and an average of 0.6 cel/µ in the leukocyte count.

A determinação indireta da pressão arterial foi realizada pelo método auscultatório em 50 cães da raça Pastor Alemão, clinicamente sadios, com idade variando de 1 a 9 anos. Os valores de pressão sistólica oscilaram entre 110 e 170 mmHg, com média e desvio padrão de 136,70 t 14,23 mmHg. Não se observou influência do sexo sobre a medida de pressão sistólica, mas se verificou uma tendência a crescimento nos valores da pressão, à medida que havia um aumento na idade do animal. Não foram obtidos os valores de pressão diastólica. 0 método auscultatório provou ser eficaz na determinação da pressão sistólica, não sendo, no entanto, um bom indicativo da pressão diastólica.

The present paper is aimed to verify the use of glyceryl guaiacolate alone (G1) and associated with levomepromazine and benzodiazepines, of which the flunitrazepam (G2) and midazolam (G3) are used in (10) ten horses for each group, submitted for gelding. The quality of induction and recumbency as well as analgesia was better in the groups that realized theassociation of glyceryl guaiacolate with levomepromazine and benzodiazepines (G2 and G3), but the recuperation (standing position) of the latter was double of the first one (G1) and for about 60 minutes. There was no significative alteration of the temperature only with the  glyceryl guaiacolate group, but there was a tendency of reduction of the temperature in the groups that received the association of the glyceryl guaiacolate with levomepromazine and benzodiazepines. The drugs adninistration in the three groups was followed by tachycardia in the firstmoments, with normalization in the end. On the other hand was observed bradypnoea and the glyceryl guaiacolate group were distinguished by bigger values of respiratory rate than the other groups. The three anaesthetic procedures showed to be satisfactory, due to the stability of the physiologic parameters and smooth induction and recuperation, while the association of levomepromazine and benzodiazepine with glyceryl  guiacolate made recumbency more effective, as well as a bigger muscle relaxation, sedation and analgesia.

This study proposes a new precordial chest system in wich the exploring electrode form an aproximately perpendicular plane to the cardiac apical-basal axis (oblique lateri-lateral plane). The established positions are closely related, successively recording the right ventricle, interventricular septun and left ventricle. The method was applied with 20 selected healthy dogs, and therecords were substantially homogeneous in the morphology of the registered waves, despite the wide variations in body conformations and sizes of thedogs. Some cases of heart diseases are presented, in wich the diagnosis was only possible or complete by using the oblique lateri-lateral plane.

Progesterone concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 137 fat-free milk and in 138 blood plasma samples obtained three times weekly during 17 estrous cycles from 12 zebu Gir cows, raised in range conditions at the "Centro Intraunidade de Zootecnia e Indústrias Pecuárias Fernando Costa", Pirassununga, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Profiles of progesterone concentrations for early pregnancy diagnosis were also examined on samples taken 23 days after natural service. Correlations were found between frozen and cooled milk samples (r = 0.92), as well asbetween milk and blood plasma progesterone levels (r = 0.63). Variations during estrous cycle were detected, with lower values in folicular phase (less than 1.49 nmol/l in plasma and 2.61 nmol/l in milk) and peak values in luteal phase (from 15.60 to 21.30 nmol/l in plasma and 5.91 to 11.37 nmol/l in milk). All pregnancy and non pregnancy diagnosis were confirmed by rectal palpation, when 9.54 nmol/l in plasma and 3.18 nmol/l in milk discriminations values were utilized. From the combined data of 24 oestrus observations and progesterone profiles (29 oestrus) it was found that 17.2% of failure occured in oestrus detection.

The monogamous system employed in the Wistar rats colony bred at the Central Animal House CDTAEP) of the Faculdade de Medicina-USP showed insufficient for supplying the number of male rats required by the researchers. Aiming at the increase of production and to avoid females wastage, the harem cross-fostered system was introduced into the colony. In this study the  reproductive performance of the animals bred in each system was analyzed during a 17-month period. The results obtained indicated that the monogamous system had the best productivity and provided the young breeders for colony propagation. On the other hand, the harem system could be manipulated for male rats production. It was concluded that the simultaneous maintenance of the two breeding systems was convenient for supplying both laboratories and colony reposition requirements.

At the Maritime Fishery Division of the Fishery Institute of the São Paulo State Secretaria da Agricultura, Brazil, from 1981 to 1985, it was verified, between the latitudes 23° 11'S and 27° 17'S, till 50 miles off - shore that squid fishery increased mostly in terms of weight in Summer, followed by Autum, Winter and Spring, decreesingly. Nunber of individuals was greater in Autinn, followed by Sunmer, Winter and the Spring. Catches happened in 40% of fishing days. The probability of finding these animals remained the same all year round. Squids were attracted by ligth and caught in a sliding net.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is considered a typical high anion gap metabolic acidosis due to the retention of ketoanions. The objective of this study was to describe the acid-base disturbances of dogs with DKA and further characterize them, according to their frequency, adequacy of the secondary physiologic response, and occurrence of mixed disturbances. Sixty dogs with DKA were enrolled in the study. Arterial blood pH and gas tensions, plasma electrolytes, serum b-hydroxybutyrate (b-OHB), glucose, albumin and urea concentrations were determined for all dogs included in the study. All dogs were evaluated individually and systematically by the traditional approach to the diagnosis of acid-base disorders. Most of the dogs had a high anion gap acidosis, with appropriated respiratory response (n = 18; 30%) or concurrent respiratory alkalosis (n = 14; 23%). Hyperchloremic acidosis with moderated to marked increases in b-OHB was observed in 18 dogs (30%) and 7 of these patients had concurrent respiratory alkalosis. Hyperchloremic acidosis with mild increase in b-OHB was observed in 6 dogs (10%). Four dogs (7%) had a high anion gap acidosis with mild increase in b-OHB and respiratory alkalosis. Most of dogs with DKA had a high anion gap acidosis, but mixed acid-base disorders were common, chiefly high anion gap acidosis and concurrent respiratory alkalosis, and hyperchloremic acidosis with moderated to marked increases in serum b-OHB.

Twenty adult thoroughbred horses wereinvestigated for neutrophil glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenasespecific activities which were found to be 945 ± 288-1 -1 mlU mg of protein and 375 ± 88 mlU mg of proteinrespectively, per minute at 37 °C.

Foram examinados, em peças obtidas de 40 bovinos da raça Nelore, adultos, com idade variando de 4 a 8 anos, os aspectos histológicos e o arranjo vascular do funículo espermático, bem como, o comprimento da A. testicular nele contido. Nestes animais, o funículo espermático encontra-se envolvido por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo denso, revestida por mesotélio que abriga o dueto deferente, assim como, arteríolas, vênulas, linfáticos e nervos contíguos e ele. Ocupando posição sub-capsular, o tecido adiposo comporta-se como envoltório do funículo espermático, mostrando-se escasso na região central, onde o tecido conjuntivo denso constitui as adventícias contínuas da artéria e veias testiculares, contornando os vasos e nervos desta região. No funículo espermático, a A. testicular exibe trajeto sinuoso, diâmetro constante, sempre e n volvida pelo plexo venoso, formado por veias de calibres variados e providas de válvulas. A A. testicular, contida nos funículos espermáticos, apresenta comprimento médio, máximo e mínimo, respectivamente, 244,7 cm, 347,0 cm e 142,5 cm à direita e 250,8 cm, 349,5 cm e 188,0 cm à esquerda, dados estes conseguidos com a retificação e mensuração dos modelos de Neoprene látex "650" e 245,6 cm, 377,4 cm e 139,1 cm à direita e 250,8 cm, 364,0 cm e 202,5 cm à esquerda, valores encontrados mediante pesagem dos modelos de Neoprene látex "650". Não foram registradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes ao nível de 5%, quando confrontados os resultados obtidos pelos dois processos de medição, o mesmo ocorrendo em relação aos valores encontrados à direita e à esquerda.

The hepatic veins and their sectors of drainage have been studied in 40 livers of ovines. In 35 organs the venous system was injected with "Neoprene Latex 650" and then dissected; in the other 5 it was injected with vinyl acetate (different colors) in order to obtain plastic models. The authors observed that hepatic lobes and their sectors were drained by the following hepatic veins and their tributaries. Major hepatic veins (left hepatic vein, middle hepatic vein, right hepatic vein(s), hepatic vein of the caudate process and hepatic vein of the papillary process), and minor hepatic veins. The left and the middle hepatic veins were the main vessels to drain the blood from the liver of Ovis aries and ended independently into the caudal vena cava. The right hepatic vein(s) terminated in the caudal vena cava only in 57.1% of the cases as it joined the vein of the caudate process or of the papillary process in 31.4% one or more right hepatic vein(s) occurred in 88.6% of the cases, a single vein being more frequent (51.4%) than two (22.9%) or three (14.3%) veins. In a few cases the vein of the caudate process formed a trunk with the right hepatic vein and/or the vein of the papillary process (11.4%). Alone or in conjunction with others the vein of the caudate process terminated into the caudal vena cava. The vein of the papillary process ended independently into the caudal vena cava, in 71.4% of the cases. Alone or in conjunction with the vein of the caudate process and/or the right hepatic vein, it ended into the caudal vena cava. Minor hepatic vein, opening directly into the caudal vena cava, completed the drainage of the dorsal and medial sectors of the right lobe and the supraportal portion of the caudate lobe. In the vast majority of cases there were no large anastomoses between veins of adjacent anatomicsurgical segments, limited by avascular or paucivascular areas. The venous drainage network was independent and intertwined with the portobilioarterial network. The venous drainage network included in the majority of cases the following anatomicsurgical segments: a) segment of the left hepatic vein (left lobe); b) segment of the middle hepatic vein (quadrate lobe, the supraportal portion of the caudate lobe, the lateral and intermediate sectors of the right lobe; c) segment of the right hepatic vein(s), typically represented by the dorsal sector of the right lobe; d) segment of the vein of the caudate process; e) segment of the vein of the papillary process. The medial sector of the right lobe is drained by the minor hepatic veins.

Examinaram-se 40 corações de suínos da raça Landrace, adultos, 20 machos e 20 fêmeas, com o objetivo de melhor conhecer as disposições e o número das cordas tendíneas, em relação à valva atrioventricular esquerda. Para tal, após a coleta e lavagem das cavidades cardíacas em água corrente, os órgãos foram fixados em solução aquosa de formol a 15%. Em seguida, retirou-se a parede dos átrios e parte da parede dos ventrículos, preservando-se os componentes do complexo valvar cardíaco esquerdo em suas respectivas posições. As nossas observações nos levaram a concluir da existência de cinco tipos de cordas tendíneas, na espécie em questão, sendo quatro deles destinados às cúspides e o outro às comissuras. Simultaneamente, analisou-se o número, a disposição e a freqüência com que cada um dos tipos consignados se apresentam naquele ventrículo.

Foi realizado um estudo em 9 lobos-guará( Chrysocyon brachyurus) da região do Triangulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil, com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência de ovos e de formas adultas deancilostomatídeos. Foram identificados ovos dos referidos helmintos em 77,77% dos animais estudados. Duas espécies de formas adultas de ancilostomatídeos encontradas no intestino delgado foram identificadas como: Uncinaria stenocephala (Railliet, 1884) e Ancylostomacaninum (Ercolani, 1859). Relatou-se pela primeiravez, a ocorrência de U. stenocephala em C. brachyurus, no Brasil.

The authors report the first finding of Chorioptes bovis parasiting a flock of goats in Brazil. They also add commentaries about the current taxonomic status of the genus and about some of the comparative morphologic features of the two species of choriopticmites found associated with goats until now.

The phenomenon of "in vivo" blocking effect of antigen, due to the presence of rabies specific neutralizing antibodies in previously vaccinated cattle, and its possible interference on the humoral immunologic response to revaccination was investigated in five zebu-crossbred bovines reared in field condition. The secondary vaccination was performed 180 days from the first immunization, using a commercial inactivated rabies vaccine prepared in BHK-21 cells. Serum samples were taken sequentially after each vaccine administration at intervals of 0 (zero), 24 and 72 hours, and after 7 and 14 days for the determination of neutralizing antibodies. The mean neutralizing antibody titer determined for sera taken immediately before the first vaccination was < 1:5, at 24 and 72 hours post-vaccination, < 1:6.25; the mean value found at 7 days post-vaccination was 1:144 ± 51;and 1:3,460 ± 1,329, at 14 days post-vaccination with mean titer of 1:58 ± 14; 24 hours after revaccination the mean titer was 1:129 ± 80, raising forwardly to1:277 ± 161, at 72 hours post-revaccination, and increasing levels > 1:6,400 and > 1:25,600 were found at 7 and 14 days post-revaccination, evidenciating a full anamnestic response. The blocking effect of antigen and the consequent fall in antibody levels shortly after the revaccination was not observed.

0 objetivo principal do trabalho foi o de verificar o valor do emprego da endoscopia como método de avaliação pós-cirúrgica, em cães submetidos aesofagectomia cervical parcial, associada a miotomias relaxadoras. Utilizaram-se, para tal, 25 animais que foram submetidos a exame endoscópico entre o 2º e o 44º dia após sofrerem esofagectomia cervical parcial de 4,0 cm de comprimento, anastomose térmico-terminal em plano único de sutura e miotomias transversais totais distantes 2,0 cm cranial e caudalmente ao bordo da sutura. Diante dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que a endoscopia permitiu avaliar de maneira clara, segura e pormenorizada, os fenômenos relativos à cicatrização cirúrgica, bem como acompanhar as complicações dos procedimentos cirúrgicos empregados. Mostrou, ainda, ser o exame endoscópico, método rápido, eficaz e seguro, sendo indicado seu emprego na avaliação pós-cirúrgica de esofagectomias cervicais parciais e miotomias relaxadoras transversais em cães.

Descreve-se a ocorrência da infecção pelo vírus da Leucose Bovina (VLB) em animais pertencentes a rebanhos leiteiros, criados no Estado de São Paulo. Examinaram-se, no período de 1986-1989, 2.708 amostras de soro sanguíneo, das quais 1.162 (42,9%) eram reagentes aos antígenos glicoproteicos (gp 51) do VLB, utilizando-se como prova padrão a imunodifusão dupla de Ouchterloney em placas de gel de ágar. Comprovou-se a existência de bovinos soro-reagentes aos antígenos do vírus da Leucose Bovina nos 22 municípios paulistas, onde eram criados os rebanhos que serviram de base a esta pesquisa.

A síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada, caracterizada pela associação de uveite e alteraçõe cutaneas e de meninge, de causa desconhecida é bastante estudada na oftalmologia humana. Foi primeiro descrita no Japão uma síndrome semelhante em cães da raça Akita, sendo que relatos em outras raças e outrosçpaíses como Canadá, Estados Unidos e Inglaterra foram feitos posteriormente. Descrevemos pela primeira vez no Brasil esta associação úveo-dermatológica em 21cães da raça Akita. Caracterizada por uveíte e despigmentação ao redor das pálpebras, lábios, narina e escroto podendo haver ulceração com formação de crostas nestas regiões. A administração de altas doses de corticosteróides é o tratamento de eleição.