RCAAP Repository

O trabalho foi realizado em nove propriedades do Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da administraçõo de oxfendazol, ivermectina e levamisol sobre os exames coproparasitólogicos de ovinos. Em cada propriedade foram formados aleatóriamente quatro grupos de ovinos: o primeiro foi medicado com oxfendazol, na dose de 4,5 mg/kg, o segundo com levamisol, na dose de 7,5 mg/kg, o terceiro com ivermectina, na dose de 0,2 mg/kg e o quarto grupo foi o controle, não medicado. Colheitas de fezes foram realizadas no dia da vermifugação e novamente sete dias depois para a realização de exames coproparasitológicos. Após a administraçâo de oxfendazol, levamisol e ivermectina, foi verificada redução estatística significativa nas contagens de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) em duas, quatro e cinco propriedades, respectivamente, sendo Haemonchus e Tnchostrongylus os parasitas com maior ocorrência no experimento. Os resultados sugerem, na maioria das propriedades, a presença de parasitas com resistência múltipla aos anti-helmínticos testados.

The aim of this study was to verify the possible occurrence of paracoccidioidomycosis-infection in animals that belong to the Order Primates, once they are phylogenetically closest to the only naturally susceptible host of the disease, the human being. This research was essayed using paracoccidioidin delayed hypersensitivity test in 33 Cebus apella, "weeping-capuchin". Paracoccidioidin positive skin reactions were detected at a rate of 33.33%. The humoral immunological response was detected by complement fixation test in 10% of the performed sera. Histological examinations of the intradermic test biopsies showed the presence of focal or nodular dermatitis deep in the dermis, prevailing the polymorphonuclear neutrophils both at 24 and 48 hours after inoculation, with oedema, congestion, and mild vasculitis. The results obtained in this study indicated that Cebidae are susceptible to natural "paracoccidioidomycosis - infection" and are suitable to be used in epidemiological surveys.

Ratos e camundongos de três biotérios com e um sem barreiras microbianas foram bacteriologicamente estudados quanto à presença de micoplasma, através da perfusão de pulmão com lavado traqueobrônquico e lavado de ouvido. Caracterizou-se a presença destas bactérias pela formação de colônias em "ovo frito", coloração de Dienes, resistência à digitonina, catabolismo da glicose, hidrólise da arginina, redução do tetrazólio e produção de filme e manchas. A identificação das cepas isoladas foi através da inibição de crescimento. No biotério com barreiras microbianas, os micoplasmas não foram detectados. Entretanto, isolou-se Mycoplasma pulmonis e Mycoplasma arthritidis em biotérios sem barreiras. Nas instalações sem barreiras microbianas com amostragem representativa, detectou-se M. pulmonis em 20% dos camundongos Swiss, 14,28% na linhagem C57B1/6J e em 83,78% na amostragem dos ratos. Encontrou-se M. arthritidis em 5,4% dos ratos, através da lavagem de ouvido. Ambas as espécies estavam presentes em 2,7% dos ratos. Os anti-soros utilizados não identificaram uma cepa isolada de hamster. M. pulmonis foi identificado em ratos de um grupo de animais procedentes de outros 2 biotérios. A taxa de infecção por micoplasma não pôde ser estabelecida porque os ratos e camundongos foram especialmente selecionados para a pesquisa de micoplasma devido a sua origem a aspectos clínicos. Os autores sugerem que a pesquisa de micoplasma em animais de laboratório seja freqüente, com amostragem representativa e com a identificação destes microrganismos para o aprimoramento de seu controle.

Tendo em vista que a maioria dos desinfetantes químicos tem a sua atuação antimicrobiana prejudicada pela presença de matéria orgânica, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de investigar, comparativamente, a influência da presença de fezes ou de soro de bovinos sobre a atividade micobactericida de desinfetantes químicos de uso pecuário. Foram ensaiados cinco desinfetantes: A - hipoclorito de sódio; B - combinação de fenóis e cresóis; C - combinação de aldeídos e amorno quaternário; D - iodóforo; E - composto fenólico. A suspensão microbiana foi representada por uma cultura de Mycobactenum fortuitum na concentração de 0,0005% (peso úmido). 0 período de atuação dos desinfetantes foi de 60 minutos, à temperatura de 4 a 8 °C. A interrupção da ação dos desinfetantes foi estabelecida pelo emprego de inativantes. A recuperação dos microrganismos remanescentes foi obtida por cultivo em meio de Lowenstein-Jensen, com quantificação do número de unidades formadoras de colônias (U.F.C.). Os produtos "A", “B" e "C" revelaram possuir atividade micobactericida em presença de matéria orgânica, com percentuais de redução do número de U.F.C. em relação aos controles, superiores a 55,0%. O produto "D" apresentou variabilidade de comportamento frente ao sistema de ensaio adotado. 0 produto "E" mostrou-se destituído de poder micobactericida. A despeito de apresentar percentuais de redução de U.F.C. em relação aos controles, superiores a 90%, o produto "A" teve a sua atividade micobactericida inibida pela matéria orgânica (Teste U de Mann-Whitney: nível de significância de 0,05). 0 produto "B" foi inibido apenas quando a matéria orgânica foi representada por soro bovino. 0 produto "C" não apresentou redução de seu poder micobactericida quando em presença de soro ou fezes.

The response of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) and mice (Mus musculus) to 8 field isolates of rabies virus was assessed in 441 white Wistar strain rats and in the same number of albino mice of both sexes, aged between 19 - 31 days and randomly divided into 24 groups of 8 - 10 animals each. The 20% (w/v) bovine and canine rabid brain suspensions were inoculated intracerebrally using 0.05 ml and 0.03 ml, respectively for a single rat and mouse dose. The animals were observed daily for rabies signs and symptoms and deaths for up to 21 days post inoculation and brains of dead animals were submitted to Fluorescent Antibody (FA) examination. For early recognition of Negri bodies, each group had sacrificed one animal daily from the third post inoculation day. The incubation period, the clinical disease and the time needed for the early detection of rabies through the FA testing were statistically not significant at alfa level of 0.05, although in mice the signs and simptoms of rabies were detected several hours earlier than in rats. Both species have revealed a susceptibility of 100% and aerophobia and spasmodic signs, though always detected in mice, were not observed in rats after their manipulation. The use of white rats for isolation and identification of rabies virus is feasible and the authors suggest their use as an alternative species to mice especially for those laboratories that deal with research and diagnosis of rabies.

De 106 Rattus norvegicus capturados no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, observou-se que 25,47% estavam parasitados por Grahamella legeri sp. n. na zona rural a prevalência foi de 53,84% e na zona urbana de 16,25%. A riquetsia foi identificada em esfregaços de sangue periférico, corados pelo método Giemsa, sendo analisada morfológica e biologicamente. As tentativas de transmissão do parasito para diferentes espécies de mamíferos, por inoculaçâo de sangue infectado, só tiveram êxito para R. norvegicus; nestes se provocou aumento da parasitemia conseqüente à esplenectomia ou a injeções de dexametasona. Registrou-se a evolução de quadro clínico de anemia induzida pela infecção com G. legeri. Não houve êxito no cultivo da riquetsia em meio de cultura tido como específico para o gênero. Discutiu-se a posição sistemática, concluíndo-se pela impropriedade da denominação de Grahamella muris Leger, 1913, pelo que se propôs o nome Grahamella legeri, em homenagem a André Legér.

Among the hepatic lesions routinely foind in veterinary necropsy practice, nodular lesions are the less described. These lesions include both reactive or neoplastic processes and hamartomas. This study was performed in order to differentiate the hepatocellular adenomas (HA) from the hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) in dogs. Ten cases of nodular hepatic lesions in dogs were surveyed from the archives of the Department of Pathology of the “Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo". To each case, histochemical and immuiohistochemical methods were applied in order to characterize the lesions, according to histological human predefined criteria. From the results recorded it was possible to diagnose eight cases of FNH and two cases of HA. It was concluded that these techniques can be easily performed and are suitable for the proposed objectives.

The effects of a new biological adhesive based on a mixture of gelatin-resorcin and formaldehyde (Colagel) for use as an adjuvant in the reinforcement, impermeabilization and healing of intestinal anastomoses were evaluated and compared to those obtained with omentun fixation, the standard procedure used for this purpose. Two ileal anastomoses were performed in each of 12 experimental dogs using an extramucosal technique and single plane sutures. One of the anastomoses in each animal was covered with adhesive and the other with omentun, in random order. The anastomosed intestinal segments were tested for tensile strength and analysed histopathologically 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after surgery. The tensile strength of the anastomoses treated by the two different procedures was statistically identical. Histopathology revealed normal healing evolution for both procedures on days 1, 3 and 7, and greater exudation in the adhesive group on days 14, 21 and 28 after surgery.

The occult dirofilariasis is considered a great diagnostic problem and may be related to: a) pre-patent infections; b) infections caused by worms of one only sex; c) parasites sterility due to the age or induced by drugs action; d) iirmune mediate response. The present study estimated the prevalence of the dirofilariasis in dogs in São Paulo State by means R TM of the ELISA test (CITER Semi-Quant TM Canine Heartworm Antigen Test Kit) as well as it tried to caracterize the cause of the circulating microfilaraemia absence using subsidiary exams. From 244 examined sera, 35 (14.34%) showed to be positive. From these, 20 presented one or more alternations (radiographic/ haematologic/eletrocardiographic), besides the positive ELISA test, which were compatible with dirofilariasis diagnosis. In the 15 animals left, which were assintomatic and seropositive by means of the ELISA test, no pre-patent infection was possible in spite of being to the infection risk for 6 months. Also the parasite sterility in consequence to drugs action was no observed

Metastasis to regional lymph nodes is an important step in the dissemination of cancer. The mechanisms of this dissemination are poorly understood, probably due to the paucity of authentic experimental models. The aim of the present study was to characterize the Ehrlich tumor as a model of lymphatic metastasis in mice. Animals were inoculated into the footpad and the popliteal lywph nodes were collected at several times post-inoculation in order to evaluate their weight, histopathological aspects,and mast cells quantitation, since these cells are reported to be implicated in host's response to tumor. The migration of tumor cells was detected by a biological assay as early as 1 hour post-inoculation. The solid tumor growth in the footpad was measured until day 30 post-inoculation and the histological alterations during this period were also studied. Ehrlich tumor was considered as a suitable model for the study of lymphatic metastasis.

A brief revision is made about the physiopathology of hydrocephalus, and its implication to the clinical diagnosis. Congenital hydrocephalus is reported in a 50 day old female Chihuahua. The dog had an enlarged head, incoordination, falling, intention tremors and irritability. A ventriculography indicated a gross distention of the lateral ventricles. The cerebral cortex was thin, but with its architecture preserved. The cerebral aqueduct and 4th ventricle were not dilated. There were no signs of inflammatory reaction or stenosis on the histological sections, but based on the macroscopic observations it was possible to conclude that the malformation was in the interventricular foramina.

The literature about bubaline hematology is very scrimpy and only a small number of researchers have been published papers establishing the hematological parameters in this species. In this work, 180 buffaloes females of Jafarabadi, Murrah and Mediterranean breed were allocated in 6 groups according their ages. Blood samples were submitted to global erithrocytes count, hemoglobin dosage and globular volume determination. Absolut hematimetric index (Corpuscular Volune Mean - CVM, Corpuscular Hemoglobin Mean - CHM and Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration Mean - CHCM) were, then, calculated. The results were exposed in tables and showed no breed influences in the parameters studied. However, it was found an age influence because the values of erithrocyte count, hemoglobine and globular volume decreases and the values of CVM, CHM and CHCM increases with the age development.

Foi avaliado o quadro leucocitário de 180 búfalas das raças Jafarabadi, Murrah e Mediterrânea, clinicamente sadias e criadas na região do Vale do Ribeira, Estado de São Paulo. As contagens do número global de leucócitos foram feitas em hemocitômetro de Neubauer modificado, a partir de amostras de sangue colhidas por punção da veia jugular, em frascos contendo 0,05 ml de EDTA a 10%. As contagens diferenciais dos tipos leucocitários foram realizadas em esfregaços sanguíneos corados pela técnica recomendada por Rosenfeld. As médias das contagens globais e dos diferentes tipos celulares foram apresentadas em tabelas, segundo as raças e as faixas etárias dos animais estudados. Não foram encontradas quaisquer diferenças estatisticamente significantes nas variáveis estudadas entre as 3 raças acima definidas. Com oavançar da idade das búfalas, verificou-se uma diminuição significativa do núnero total de leucócitos, núnero relativo e absoluto de linfócitos típicos e totais e número absoluto de linfócitos atípicos e aumento significativo da porcentagem de neutrófilos segmentados e totais e do número relativo e absoluto de eosinófilos.

It was studied the effect of frozen bull semen after thawing and incubation at 45 °C during one hour or at 38 °C during 5 hours (Quick and Slow Thermoresistance Tests), on fertility of beef cows. Treatment 1 included 6 groups of 10 females inseminated with semen showing 20% or plus of progressive motility on quick test and less than 20% on slow test. Treatment 2 (control) included 5 groups of 10 and 1 group of 9 females inseminated with semen showing 20% of progressive motility on slow test and any value on quick test. Only one straw was utilized per estrus, admitted up to 3 repetitions. Pregnancy diagnosis was made by rectal palpation, 60 days after A.I.. Satisfactory results in pregnancy rates were obtained in both treatments (QTT/Q = 0.793 + ou - 0.05 and STT/S = 0.875 + ou - 0.05) with no statistical differences (P>0.05) between them. There was no statistical differences in pregnancy rates of cows inseminated with semen showing motility from 20 to 50% after incubation at 45 °C for one hour.

In this work, 30 adult Landrace x Large White crossbred sows were used, raised under industrial management conditions. The objective was to determine the progesterone blood serial levels during the gestation period. Blood samples were collected at the same interval, between 08:00 and 10.00 AM, in a total of 10 venous pinctions, distributed as following: days zero, 1st, 4 th, 7th, 23rd, 57th, 83rd, 107th, 112th and 114th day taking day zero as the day of the second and last sating and day first the ionediatelly subsequent. Hormonal dosage assays were performed using the technique of radioimunoassay (RIE) in solid phase, with a kit of comercial reagents (COAT-A-COUNT R). Results showed increasing values for progesterone since day zero until the day 107th, decreasing thereafter.

The ultrastructure of Leydig cells of horses, asses and hinnies was compared to show the morphological differences among them. These cells have a well developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum, indicating a normal steroidogenic activity, but in the horse, this organelle seems to be a litle more abundant. The mitochondria was round, small and numerous. In asses and hinnies a great amount of microfilaments appear mainly near the nucclei. The function of these filaments is unknown, because there is no aparent reason for these cells to have a well developed cytoskeletal since they are imobile and don't have a supporting function, except, by, the steroids precursors and intracellular organelles transport.

Amostras fecais de bovinos comprovadamente parasitados e outras de animais possuidores de pâncreas macroscopicamente normais (controle) foram submetidas à prova do filme. Os resultados mostraram que tanto os animais parasitados quanto aqueles do grupo controle comportaram-se de modo semelhante à prova do filme. Com isto, concluiu-se que o referido teste deve ser desconsiderado para os fins propostos de diagnóstico presuntivo de infecções por Eurytrema sp em bovinos.

The counting of age rings in scales method was employed to determine growth curve for Astyanax bimaculatus in Ibitinga Reservoir (21°46'S and 48°59’W), according to von Bertalanffy, equation. 50 specimes, caught from July 1989 to June 1990 were analysed. It was also determined that the best body region for scales lecture, according to WERDER and SOARES 18 (1984), was surrounding the pectoral fin (E region). Observed results showed: - for 8 age classes, mean total lengths were: 1 - 61.03 mm; 2 - 75.30 mm; 3 - 86.67 mm; 4 - 97.92 mm; 5 - 109.80 mm; 6 - 121.75 mm; 7 - 134.13 mm and 8 - 144.40 mm. - The general growth curve equation estimated from the obtained data is: ^Lt = 223,14 [1 – e -0,1027 (t + 1,8549) ]

The influence of BCG on the resistance of hamsters experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona was investigated. Forty-eight young male hamsters were used as the follow: 23 of them have administered two intraperitoneal dosis of BCG with seven days of interval: the remaining 25 were treated with placebo (Souton solution) in the same way as in the BCG treatment. On the third day after the second BCG or placebo administration, each animal was inoculated with 0.5 ml of a suspension of L. pomona through the intraperitoneal route. The animals were observed for signs and symptoms of leptospirosis during a period of 21 days and those in the agonic state of disease were killed and their kidney and serum samples were taken for the demonstration of antibodies and leptospiroses, by means of serum agglutination test and by the direct culture of kidney fragments. All of the survivors were killed at the 21st day post infection and evaluated for antibodies an leptospires, as described above. For the BCG treated group, no death was recorded (0/23 or 0,00%) whereas in the control group 80% of deaths (20/25) were observed.

Determinou-se a prevalência do nematóide Trichosomoides crassicauda na colônia convencional de ratos Wistar do Biotério Central (DTAEP) da Faculdade de Medicina da USP. Foram examinadas as bexigas urinárias de 365 ratos sendo 130 machos e 133 fêmeas, de 8 a 19 semanas de idade; e 51 machos e 51 fêmeas, com idade acima de 20 semanas, retirados da reprodução. Foi também determinada a prevalência de cálculos urinários, os quais têm sido associados à presença do parasita. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a prevalência do T. crassicauda na colônia foi de 48% (43% em machos e 53% em fêmeas), sendo que o máximo valor observado foi 80%, em machos de 16 semanas de idade. O número médio de parasitas por rato não ultrapassou o limite de 2,5 em fêmeas de 16 semanas de idade. Não houve diferença na prevalência de cálculos urinários entre animais parasitados e não parasitados (10% e 16%, respectivamente), mas esta diferença foi significante entre machos e fêmeas (23% e 4%). Além disso, os cálculos encontrados nos machos (mucóides) foram diferentes daqueles encontrados nas fêmeas (cristais).