RCAAP Repository

Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The bioaccumulation of pesticides can affect living organisms health through several different mechanisms, such as membranes denaturation. The evaluation of the deleterious effects of chemical agents on biological membranes can be done by analysis of the erythrocytes stability against a concentration gradient of certain chemical agent in physiologic saline solution. This work analyzed the effect of the herbicide glyphosate on hemolysis of human and rats bloods collected in EDTA or heparin as an anti-coagulant. The results were analyzed by spectrophotometry at 540 nm and light microscopy. There was an agreement between the spectrophometric and the morphologic analyzes. At the concentration range recommended for agricultural purposes, glyphosate promoted 100% of hemolysis both in rats and in humans. The glyphosate concentration capable of promoting 50% of hemolysis (D50) was significantly lower in rats than in humans. The D50 values of glyphosate obtained for the samples of human blood collected in EDTA were not significantly different than those obtained for the samples collected in heparin. However, the lysis curves presented lower values of absorbance at 540 nm in the presence of blood collected in EDTA in relation to that collected in heparin, probably due hemoglobin precipitation by EDTA.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Roundup® is the most used herbice in Brazilian agriculture. It contains in its composition the salt of glyphosate with isopropylammonium, beyond the surfactant polyoxy-ethyleneamine. This combination significantly increases the power of the herbicide glyphosate. Although the destination of the product is the control of weeds, he has great impact on the animal organisms. In this work, the hemolytic power of Roundup® was tested in blood samples from broiler chickens and rabbits, harvested in the presence of EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. The nature of anticoagulant used in the collection of blood interfered in the hemolytic action of Roundup®. The herbicide produced lysis of red blood cells of chickens and rabbits within the concentration range recommended by the manufacturer for use in agriculture. The red blood cells of broilers were more resistant than the red blood cells of rabbits against lysis induced by Roundup®.

Diplodia ear rot caused by the fungus Stenocarpella maydis (Berkeley) and Stenocarpella macrospora (Earle) have become one of the most important limiting factors for the production of Corn (Zea mays L.) in Brazil. The fungus can attack the stalks, leaves and the grain causing significant reductions on yield and the overall quality of the grain, since it can produce micotoxinas that are dangerous to livestock. Resistance to ear rot by Stenocarpella sp in corn is quantitative and highly influenced by the environment and even that artificial inoculation techniques are available to screen for the disease the overall cost is very expensive. The objective of this study was the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL s) associated with ear rot resistance by Stenocarpella sp in one breeding population composed of 141 doublehaploid progenies resulted from the cross among the resistant inbred MONDR1 and the susceptible inbred MONDS1 in testcrosses with the susceptible tester MONDS5. Testcrosses were evaluated at harvest time after artificial inoculation for ear rot at three different locations in the central region of Brazil during the 2005/06 summer season. Thru Composite interval mapping (CIM), a total of three QTL s (LOD>2.5) for ear rot resistance were identified at chromosomes 2, 3 and 5, all together accounting for up 26% of total phenotypic variation for this character. The identification of two QTL s for ear rot resistance coming from the susceptible parent MONDS1 appear to indicate the presence of the phenomena of transgressive segregation. Additionally we were able to identify six double-haploid progenies with high level of resistance to ear rot by Stenocarpella (MDH15, MDH443, MDH95, MDH2, MDH120 e MDH81), being those recommended for their incorporation into the breeding program as new breeding sources for the Central Brazil regions.

To the ageing process are associated the losses social, cognitive, neuromotors and metabolic, capable of compromising seriously the quality of aged life, leading to the loss of autonomy and physical, psychological and economic dependence, related to the family and society. It is established that the regular practice of physical exercise contributes to healthy ageing, thus showing an increase in expectation of life. Physical exercises regularly practiced inhibit organic changes that are associated to the degenerative process, contribute to the rehabilitation of certain diseases that may increase the rates of morbidity and mortality, acting also on mental and cognitive health. For this reason, has been established strategy with the aim of encouraging the aged to join the regular practice of physical exercise, because their effects are arising from the practice reasonably prolonged and reversible. Thus, in particular, the physical exercises are considered as a typical case of adjustment to stress the stimulus and not as adaptation. The exercise can induce changes in concentration, activity and composition of plasma and salivary several components, such as lactate, immunoglobulin, proteins, nitric oxide, amylase and electrolytes. Saliva is composed primarily of water, and also contain organic and inorganic constituents. The control of the salivary secretion is mediated by a combined share of parasympathetic and sympathetic stimuli, where the adrenergic system operates primarily in the secretion of proteins and cholinergic in regulating the secretion of electrolytes and water. This study examined the effects of acute exercise in the lactate plasmatic and salivary biomarkers (total protein, amylase, nitric oxide and immunoglobulin A) in the active aged and aged athletes.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Mestre em Genética e Bioquímica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Food additives are used by the food industry in order to enhance the aroma, flavor and texture of foods. Of all the additives used colors are the most genotoxic. The azo dyes, derived from oil, used by industries, are the tartrazine and red #40. The SMART wing test was used to verify the possible genotoxic effects of colors in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. For this evaluation were used larvae of 48 hours, descendants of the Standard Cross (ST) and High Bioactivation (HB) that who were treated with tartrazine in concentrations 1.5, 2.5 and 3.0 mg / mL and 5, 10 and 20 mg / mL for the red #40. The results showed significant increase of spots in the ST descendants for tartrazine and HB for the red #40. We concluded that the artificial colors tartrazine and red #40 are genotoxic in the doses used for the study.

Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

In this work a new metalloproteinase (BthMP) was purified from the snake venom of Bothrops moojeni. This enzyme was homogeneous by native and SDSPAGE it showed polypeptide chain of 23,5 kDa, pI = 7,1 and N-terminal blocked. BthMP is comprised of high proteolytic activity on casein, fibrin and bovine fibrinogen, but no coagulating, esterase, phospholipase A2 activities, and lightly hemorrhagic; it was inhibited by EDTA, EGTA and 1,10-phenanthroline and maintained its activity on pH of 7,0 at 9,0 and temperature of 5 to 40°C. Assays with metal ions showed that Ca++ is an activator, whereas Zn++ and Hg++ inhibited about 50 and 80%, respectively. The edema evidenced the important role of the toxin in the inflamatory activity of the venom. BthMP also caused uncloting, and provoked histological alterations in gastrocnemius muscle of mice inducing hemorrhage, necrosis and leucocytic infiltrate. The molecular mass and the inhibition assays suggest that the metalloproteinase BthMP belongs to class P-I SVMPs.

Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

Universidade Federal de Uberlândia