RCAAP Repository

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Falar em direitos humanos, no mundo contemporâneo, supõe enfrentar desafios com diversas questões, sendo uma delas o acesso ao saneamento básico, haja vista a insofismável relação do tema com assuntos tais como prevenção de doenças, impacto ambiental e aumento da qualidade de vida. Atualmente, em todo o mundo, aproximadamente 3 em cada 10 pessoas, não têm acesso a água potável, o equivalente a um total de 2,1 bilhões de seres humanos, outrossim, 6 em cada 10, aproximadamente 4,5 bilhões, sequer dispõem de acesso ao saneamento básico, de acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e o Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF)1. O Brasil, que será objeto do nosso estudo, ocupa a 112º colocação em um ranking2 de saneamento no qual há 200 países. A nosso ver, por si só, estes dados já demonstram a importância da temática e, também o quanto ainda podemos realizar quando se fala em saneamento. Feitas tais considerações, de acordo com o Manual de Saneamento3 do Ministério da Saúde, saneamento: “é o conjunto de ações socioeconômicas que têm por objetivo alcançar níveis de Salubridade Ambiental, por meio de abastecimento de água potável, coleta e disposição sanitária de resíduos sólidos, líquidos e gasosos, promoção da disciplina sanitária de uso do solo, drenagem urbana, controle de doenças transmissíveis e demais serviços e obras especializadas, com a finalidade de proteger e melhorar as condições de vida urbana e rural”. Isto posto, este trabalho tem por escopo definir a íntima relação existente entre o saneamento básico, a saúde pública, e, por fim, a dignidade da pessoa humana. Para tanto, iremos discorrer quanto a evolução histórica do saneamento básico, principalmente no Brasil, a fim de melhor compreendermos a hodierna situação. Além do mais, pretendemos avaliar a proporção inversa entre o nível socioeconômico de cada região do país e o respectivo acesso ao saneamento. Ulteriormente, a pesquisa irá se cingir quanto a relação direta entre a falta de saneamento com o total de internações no país, e, com isso, compreenderemos a importância de medidas preventivas eficientes e universais. Por fim, analisaremos quais são os principais óbices enfrentados pelo Estado brasileiro para universalização do acesso ao saneamento e quais medidas alternativas podem ser aplicadas. À vista disso, a razão do presente estudo consiste em advertir a intrínseca indissociabilidade entre o acesso ao saneamento básico e a dignidade da pessoa humana, mas, não somente, pois, a nosso ver, é imperioso refletir sobre como enfrentar essa situação no hoje e com isso escrevermos um novo futuro. Portanto, faz-se imperioso realizarmos planejamentos capazes de influenciar todos os fatores determinantes de nosso amanhã.

The life of the pastor happens from a routine of work highly demanding, reaching to reach hourly loads above the common one when compared with other professional activities. We have seen a worrying scenario in the lives of pastors regarding their health, whether physical or emotional. Regular practice of physical activity has proven to effectively prevent and treat many diseases, whether physical or emotional. Therefore, the present study aimed to classify a group of pastors through the IPAQ questionnaire regarding the level of physical activity between active, insufficiently active or sedentary. After applying the questionnaire to a group of 30 shepherds, with a mean age of 36 years, it was observed that 18 are classified as sedentary, 7 as insufficiently active and 5 as active. We conclude with this study that a greater emphasis of the subject is needed between pastors and religious leaders, since the care with the body has direct relation with the spirituality and integral health.

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) presents itself as the main cause that leads children and teenagers looking for mental health ambulatories. It is well known that a lot of individuals that do not fill diagnostics criteria s, presents a lot of symptoms related to hyperactivity and attention deficits and also feel functional failures. Through a random sample of adolescents of low income families localized in the metropolitan region of São Paulo this study investigated the association between the Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Symptom (ADHS) and the human relations difficulties, their relation with sportive practices and leisure time. The ADHS sample was analyzed with and without mental health problems (MHP). The following instruments were used for this evaluation: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Brief Impairment Scale and the Questionnaire about Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. The main results obtained pointed out that these adolescents with ADHS have socialization difficulties with their parents, teachers and colleagues beyond unsatisfactory school performance. The result of this research turn possible to detect aspects about the relation between these teenagers with ADHS and some MHP involved. Additionally appointed the importance and benefits that the motor intervention and the sportive practice since their infancy can bring to these teenagers life s with ADHS, helping them in their socialization and leisure time.

O presente trabalho busca analisar a importância do registro do Desenho Industrial, em comparação com a proteção dada ao titular do registro e se este não o tivesse, nos casos de concorrência desleal. A proteção conferida ao titular do registro traz a certeza de que haverá punição aos que infringirem o seu desenho, pois trata-se de um documento avaliado pelo Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial, que confere automaticamente direitos, sendo facultativo ao depositante o exame de mérito pelo respectivo órgão responsável para a acentuação dos requisitos legais. Para a configuração de concorrência desleal, na hipótese de que um agente copiou o objeto de um concorrente, se faz necessário a figuração de quesitos subjetivos, recebendo do legislador tratamento genérico através das normas de repressão à tal ato. Com isso, destacar-se-á a importância do registro para a proteção do mercado, o interesse social e o desenvolvimento tecnológico, no momento em que um agente atua no mercado contrariando à livre concorrência e livre inciativa, uma vez que o titular poderá com o documento para a proteção dos seus direitos, sem ter que, necessariamente, comprovar questões subjetivas da infração.

Modern society has a main characteristic, the high generation of waste, much of it is of CDW (Construction and Demolition solid-waste). The accelerated growth and rapid consolidation of the cities resulted in various forms of allocating large waste volumes, generated by daily activities. This huge generation of CDW together with the practices of contemporary life, degrade the quality of the urban centers life. To solve this problem caused by the remains it is needed first the awareness of the issue, knowledge or the production of the current CDW. This Master research proposes the origin of the CDW s study, its destination and recycling or reduction in order to positively affect the environment sustainability: by encouraging the use of recyclable materials and organization of the collected materials; by minimizing the problems of illegal landfills and encouraging regular CDW s deposition as established by the city management. The debris should be seen as a source of great use for the civil construction

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This conclusion work described the creation of Spin-Off CUBOPLAN, based on the methodology for the elaboration of practical and applied works, elaborated by Marcondes, Miguel, Franklin and Perez (2017). The development of this business opportunity was identified by the company TETRA ARQUITETURA as a result of challenges faced in the management of the company itself during the execution of projects for its clients. It was soon identified as a market opportunity, meeting the demands of architectural and civil engineering projects offices, by offering a tool to generate integrated information capable of monitoring and evaluating the performance of its business. The lack of specific information tools for the management of a company resulted in the development of a system for complex projects in order to improve the effective control of its processes. In this way, the CUBOPLAN ERP system was developed, innovative in the architecture segment. This system, at first, was architecture-oriented. However, during its use in projects, it could be replicated for civil engineering projects. This allowed a better efficiency in the projects executed by the company, since this information was usually distributed in several databases and platforms, resulting a high volume of work in something that was not its core business, harming the decision making. As a conclusion, it started with the internal experience with the application of the tool, to then be offered to the architectural and civil engineering projects market, giving rise to this new business. To this end, packages with different configurations and services were offered to the market. In this sense, the work explored solutions, action plans, strategic positioning, marketing plan, administrative and operational organization, as well as financial plan for structuring this business.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

It treats the present work about the Brazilian prison system and hence the establishments intended to serve the sentence of imprisonment, a more serious sanction that can be imposed, in the Brazilian legal system, who performs a behavior not tolerated by the rest of the community. Well, the study of prisons and their (correct) functioning necessarily lead to the study of law to punish the state and own imprisonment. Now what legitimizes the state to segregate one of its members and interfere with their way of life, imposing the restriction of certain legal rights? What do you want the state to impose a prison sentence, in other words, to segregate an individual for a certain period of time, conscious of his return to the bosom of society? Well, this thesis is dedicated, in its first two chapters, answer these questions and establish what function pen in a democratic state. From there, it becomes possible to analyze the Brazilian prison system: if the prisons are intended to serve the sentence in prison, they must necessarily be structured to achieve the function of this same penalty. The Chapters 3 and 4 are intended, in this sense, to demonstrate the current reality of the prison system, if it lends itself to the fulfillment of the function that it is intrinsic and, if not, it is possible to design public policies aimed at achieve this very purpose.

The present work was carried out with the objective of designing the business model of an entrepreneurial project dedicated to support services, consulting, information and training in Information Technology (IT) infrastructure. The scope of the business encompasses processes and people development, offering a set of services to the corporate market that provide solutions for cost reduction, productivity and development of personal and organizational skills. The analysis of the scenarios of the environment and research carried out with potential clients subsidized the identification of the necessary structure for the business. We resorted to the support of conceptual and experimental views found in bibliographical sources, as a way of conferring validity to the presented proposal. With knowledge of aspects related to an entrepreneurial project, including issues such as the importance of innovation, the main motivations and competencies needed to undertake and the risks, problems and limitations commonly faced, which resulted in the design of a business model applicable to the use of the opportunity identified, with the definition of structural aspects demanded for it. From the recommendations presented, the planning of the actions to be carried out was carried out, indicating the resources involved. As the enterprise has already begun its operation, some of the proposed actions have already been carried out and others are still in execution. Dedicated to proposing ways to establish favorable conditions for the development and sustainability of an entrepreneurial initiative, the work presents an example that can be replicated in companies that find a similar situation. Thus, in addition to the direct benefits to health and prosperity of the company, the proposed actions tend to influence the development of management technology, as a socioeconomic development agent of the community in which it operates.

In this work, it is discoursed on the urgency of a directed ethical formation for those who inherit a planet which is more and more globalized. The principle is if the globalization shows us an opportune time for seeing ourselves as a unique human family that lives in a small blue spot in the vastness of the Universe, it also presents the hazards conducted by the selfishness and the lack of conscience towards the environmental sustainability. These elements will bring serious consequences for the sociosphere, the technosphere and the biosphere, not only locally speaking but also in a world-wide scope. Besides this perspective, it is also discoursed on the serious reality evidenced in the microcosm of the classrooms in public high-schools: non motivated pupils, discouraged teachers and the lack of structure that devastates some high-schools; consequences of the society that faces, amongst many factors, deep economic and social uneven nesses. In these sceneries, the aim was to verify if the science fiction under the filmic form can be used as a didactic resource in the classrooms. The proposal is to accomplish the demand for an interdisciplinary and contextualized education, to favor quarrels on planetary ethics, as a way of rescuing the emotion and the imagination in the Science of the Nature lessons so that it can be playful and pleasant not only for the teachers but also for the pupils. After showing two cinematographic units of science fiction called Contact and Silent Running, for the pupils of a public high-school in São Bernardo do Campo, it was verified that, by means of reading the answers of the applied questionnaire, good films of the sort can be useful instruments in the hands of teachers who worry about the demands mentioned above.

The main purpose of this study is to reveal processes of discourse construction of plastic surgery advertising adds published on a Brazilian magazine called Plástica & Beleza. Four advertisements placed between December 2005 and November 2006 form the corpus of this analysis. Considering the gathering of linguistic and iconic aspects, we are interest in identifying the strategies used to give legitimacy to the discourse that emerges out of these communicative events. Based on theoretical assumptions of French Discourse Analysis, we will provide with an analysis, in each add randomly chosen, the following categories: the Aristotelian scheme, language detailing, the discourse deixis, enunciation scenarios, the ethos and incorporation.

O presente trabalho busca analisar a responsabilidade civil no direito brasileiro e, em específico, a possibilidade de se indenizar os danos nomeados de lucros hipotético. Para tal finalidade, a pesquisa aborda, com base na doutrina, os elementos necessários para caracterização da responsabilidade civil, as teorias do dano e os requisitos de atualidade e certeza necessários para a concessão da indenização. Assim, além da doutrina, a pesquisa também verificou a posição do judiciário em relação aos lucros hipotéticos, concluindo, a partir da somatória das informações, se a legislação brasileira permite a concessão de indenização a título de lucros hipotéticos.

Accounting has become in recent years, a fundamental instrument for trade relations and commerce, a provider of relevant information to its users in making strategic decisions. In this interval Forensic Accounting surges and bone with the responsible for collection, preservation, restoration and analysis of evidence of financial information, presenting the facts and evidence that can be accepted in courts in triggering litigation involving corporate fraud. However, research study relating to aforementioned subject is largely unexplored and there is recognition by the academic, this fact is evidenced by the absence of reasonable amount of scientific articles, laws or professional orientation. Given this scenario, the study seeks to contribute to the elucidation and exploitation of Forensic Accounting in Brazil,identifying which are the basic procedures to perform a forensic accounting. Based on this concern, we performed a literature review on the concepts of Accounting Science, Forensic Science, Fraud, Forensic Accounting, and Criminology in the Law and Investigative Audit.Therefore, to guide this study we sought to answer the following research question: what are the basic procedures to perform a forensic accounting? Identifying the differences between the activity of expertise and forensic investigation, the relation between the formalization of forensics and procedures for joint research, and model for basic forensic accounting. The methodology applied in the study is based largely qualitative, exploratory approach. The sample was selected in a non-probabilistic, by limiting the reach of the group being studied and the small number of practitioners available to participate in the study. For this purpose, we used the "Snowball sampling" technique (snowball or reference current), where a respondent indicates another possible respondents. Finally, based on the results, Forensic Accounting could be conceptualized as a tool to support litigation in providing technical support to the judicial authorities. The study also observed that it bared a resemblance with the activities of an expert accounting, however, differing only in applicants services research, and expertise demanded by justice and forensic investigation by the executives of corporations seeking redress. Finally, the proposed forensic investigation procedures are: financial analysis, contract analysis, analysis of the relationship of payments, DuPont analysis, compliance, statistical analysis, CAAT, profiling access, electronic data recovery,investigative interview, notarial minutes, analysis of public data and physical inspection (on site).

This paper presents an account of the work performed in a software development and implementation company applied to the management of processes and operations of companies operating in various business sectors for the automation of administrative, commercial, financial and industrial actions. The objective of this work was to identify and propose ways to increase management effectiveness and improve productivity, taking advantage of strategic opportunities for creating value for customers and developing business. The analysis of environmental trends and the current and required resources and capacities to increase the participation and offer of value to the market was carried out, seeking to know the context in which the company operates and possible problems that make it difficult to take advantage of potential opportunities of development. For analysis and diagnosis of the situation, we dealt with the complexity that involves variables such as human behavior, communication barriers, access to information and market dynamics. The diagnosis contemplated the understanding of the logic of the business, its value proposition, to which public and customer segments, through which channels of relationship and distribution, activities, resources and partnerships required, also contemplating the equation of costs and revenues of the operation. As a result, a set of strategic drivers for the business was elaborated, associated to a proposal applied to the adaptation of the organizational behavior to the identified demands for the attainment of the desired results. Business development resulting from efficiency and effectiveness gains in the decision-making process, the use of opportunities with innovation and internal process structure represent a significant contribution of the application of this work to the focused organization. Sharing experience through this report tends to influence the development of management technology as a replicable example in similar situations. It is hoped, also, to contribute to the economic and social development, directly affected by the prosperity of the businesses that meet the needs of the community, as the one that represents the case that was object of the present work.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

A pesquisa que se desenvolve na presente monografia tem como objeto de estudo a Lei 13.146/15, sobretudo no que tange o sistema de proteção aos incapazes, que sofreu diversas alterações em decorrência da promulgação da referida lei. A análise foi realizada em caráter bibliográfico, legal e jurisprudencial, a fim de ser comparada a legislação pertinente aos institutos da Tutela, Curatela e a Tomada de Decisão Apoiada e suas aplicações antes e depois da promulgação da referida lei, para discutir se, de fato as alterações conferiram maior grau de autonomia às pessoas portadoras de deficiência. Em conclusão, mediante principalmente da análise dos julgados colacionados ao presente estudo, verifica-se que há uma mudança significativa quanto ao procedimento de interdição, que previamente à instituição da Lei de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência (LBI), concedia sistematicamente a curatela em caráter integral, o que não ocorre atualmente, sendo este procedimento submetido à análise de equipe multidisciplinar que atesta a real potencialidade do indivíduo a cada caso concreto. Outrossim, relativamente à aplicação material da Tomada de Decisão Apoiada, constata-se que não ocorre, por falta de maior ingerência dos operadores e conhecedores do direito em informar e sugerir aos pleiteantes, a depender do caso, a utilização deste instituto.