RCAAP Repository

O presente artigo tem por objetivo elucidar pontos importantes para o entendimento da necessidade de uma Reforma Tributária no ordenamento jurídico pátrio, identificando os atuais problemas enfrentados, apontando as principais alterações legislativas e verificando a constitucionalidade dos dispositivos perante a Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. A proposta de Reforma Tributária sugere a simplificação da tributação no consumo, maior concentração da tributação sobre a renda, eliminação da incidência de tributos em cascata, o fim da “Guerra Fiscal” entre os entes federativos e principalmente a simplificação no cumprimento da obrigação tributária. Neste cenário, será demonstrada a possibilidade de implementação da Reforma Tributária, respeitados os limites constitucionais, quanto ao federalismo e em estrita obediência às cláusulas pétreas, para solucionar as reclamações da sociedade em face de cobranças tributárias e as dificuldades do setor público de executar as tarefas, que são possíveis graças à arrecadação fiscal.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo aferir se as crianças que permanecem com suas genitoras no sistema prisional do país possuem assegurados direitos básicos como o direito a saúde, com o fornecimento de vacinas na periodicidade recomendada e realização de exames e atendimento médico. Igualmente, é finalidade deste trabalho averiguar se as instalações do ambiente prisional é capaz de suprir as necessidades da criança e de sua mãe proporcionando um ambiente que atenda o mínimo exigido para asseverar que seja garantido a dignidade humana como também o pleno exercício da maternidade dentro do ambiente carcerário, atendendo ao conjunto normativo que regem sobre as diretrizes dos direitos de um cidadão, sendo estes: a Constituição Federal, o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, Lei de Execução Penal e Regras de Bangkok. Para o devido fim foram analisadas dissertações, fontes bibliográficas, jurisprudência, notícias e relatórios estatísticos. Com todo este arcabouço foi retratado uma maternidade sombria e esquecida em diversas prisões ao redor do país que não contem instalações adequadas e fornecimento de assistência a qual a reclusa e seu filho tem direito, constituindo assim, um verdadeiro descaso com a maternidade no ambiente prisional. Depreende-se, portanto que é inviável a permanência de crianças em penitenciárias com a má qualidade existente que violando direitos e fazendo delas prisioneiras. Assim, é necessária a concessão de prisão domiciliar para as gestantes e lactantes reclusas para que possa garantir a criança um nascimento e desenvolvimento sadio.

Acesso online; https://open.spotify.com/episode/0N1R4gAGUuXWT2H10wvlWn?si=fjjFTVUVQjSM27GvhNx3Ag

A presente pesquisa pretende realizar uma análise da manifestação do pluralismo jurídico no cenário periférico urbano a partir da ineficácia (ou, até mesmo, insuficiência) material das normas presentes no Direito Constitucional Brasileiro, principalmente no que diz respeito aos direitos fundamentais e sociais. Através de um estudo dedutivo, com a análise de textos e ensinamentos de renomados autores, pretende-se comprovar que há uma proporcionalidade inversa entre a presença e atuação do Estado Democrático de Direito (em suas três esferas, executiva, legislativa e judicial) e os chamados poderes paralelos e pluralismo jurídico, sendo o objetivo principal o de demonstrar que quanto menos o nosso Estado de Direito atua, em especial nas áreas periféricas urbanas (onde, geralmente, não há interesse estatal de atuação), mais percebemos a manifestação do pluralismo jurídico através da ação de movimentos sociais, como Associação de Moradores da Comunidade e, até mesmo, organizações criminosas atuantes. Assim, pretende-se demonstrar a existência e legitimidade desses “novos direitos” que surgem em razão da omissão estatal.

The relationship between architecture and air quality is studied at different times in history and nowadays it is in the spotlight due to COVID-19. Therefore, there is a direct connection between the building, the openings, the air renewal, and how these factors affect the users' health. In this sense, this dissertation's theme is "The Quality of the Internal Environment in Hospital Areas: A Study on Comfort, Ventilation and Air Renewal" whose specific objective is to analyze natural ventilation as a crucial factor for maintaining indoor air quality, mainly in the hospital environment, especially the wards, a place susceptible to contamination by airway infections. The methodological procedures started from the literature review, then we made a study of the ward at Sarah Kubitschek Hospital (Rio de Janeiro-RJ), from analysis, using computer simulations. This research demonstrated how important it is to use different ventilation types in multiple spaces at a hospital. It'd also shown the acknowledgment of air renewal as a promoter of the healthiness of the environment, and the well-being of patients, a strategy applied by João Filgueiras Lima in this hospital. The analysis had shown that such mechanisms have contributed to environmental comfort since factors analyzed such as wind speed, temperature, CO2 concentration, and air renewal reach the minimum parameters required by the standards. Therefore, in the ward of this hospital, air quality and the well-being of patients are guaranteed. The results obtained demonstrated the importance of designing space according to the norms and thinking about the user.

Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão sobre a amplitude de "mulheres" e uma quebra no mito da "mulher" hegemônica e padrão. Com a definição do fim desse imaginário singular dos seres femininos, analisa-se, concomitantemente, a representação e a defesa por meio do feminismo dessas mulheres e suas diversas lutas. O trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar e investigar em um podcast a vivência de mulheres fora do padrão eurocentrista e privilegiado a partir do qual foi criado essa performática feminina que diz apesar de um grupo seleto. Concluindo, foram apresentadas três conversas com mulheres distintas abordando suas experiências cotidianas com as violências sociais que sofrem e suas relações com o movimento feminista.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The present work aims to discuss the controversies between the thoughts of Saint Augustine and Pelagius about Evil and Free Will. The research exposes the divergences between both thinkers concerning Christian doctrines and their basic foundations. In addition, the doctrinal influences of the world in which they lived are analyzed, and, finally, it is discussed how the proposals of these dialogues influenced the Christian doctrine in the contemporary world historically and in which the debates contributed to the Theology and Sciences related to the Religion. Starting from the questions if it is indeed possible to detect good and evil around the controversy of St. Augustine and Pelagius? To check if it is possible to perceive the contributions to the systematizations of the doctrine of free will? The materials used are based on the books of St. Augustine, such as Grace I and Grace II, as well as researches and readings of several books. The theme for this study of the present work emphasizes "The controversy between Augustine and Pelagius on the question of evil and its contribution to the systematizations of the Doctrine of Free Will between the fields of Theology and Philosophy." It can be said on the basis of the studies carried out that the questions mentioned in the thoughts and debates in studies on St. Augustine and Pelagius serve as the basis for the debates in the context of the reform, especially Luther and Erasmus, with respect to the doctrine of Calvinism and Arminianism in the seventeenth century, and the problem of evil mentioned by Descartes. Even today, the themes in highlights are studied and researched by scholars and theologians, since such Christian doctrines touch on questions concerning the origin of evil and the sovereignty of God, and this research can contribute to the study in the field of the Sciences of Religion.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

This research is about the contribution of the educator Erasmo de Carvalho Braga to Brazilian education in the twentieth century. Living from 1877 to 1932 and contributed in an outstanding way to Brazilian education, Erasmo Braga presented theoretical conjectures that can be still recalled currently. It also aims to understand the context in which the conjectures were generated and applicated, as well as to bring them up and point them out as a productive support to current educators. First, it analyses the life and works of Erasmo Braga. In sequence, this research will seek to emphasize the educator and the education in his context. At least, seek to emphasize the importance of protestant values as a formative identity of students. It is valid to underline that the research predates the analysis of Braga Series , a didactic material for the student s use, composed by four volumes of texts for interdisciplinary readings. Such Braga Series will also be study object for exploration of the theoretical bases of the author. Therefore, this research will aid the understanding and reflexion related to the current prominence of Erasmo Braga s conjectures that deal with moral actions, interdisciplinarity and educational quality of contemporary education.

CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível

The need for equanimous access to infrastructures and opportunities in brazilian metropolises turns the mass transit systems into potential key features of urban policies that aim at tackling socioeconomic vulnerabilities and planned urban development. On the other hand, the implementation of these infrastructures tends to increase the value of the benefited properties and to demand investments that challenge the public sector’s financing capacity. By means of this, the dissertation addresses alternative sources of urban financing that make use of the increments in land values and that direct the collected amounts to the provision of public mass transit systems through instruments of Land Value Capture (LVC). This research also provides discourse about the features of the São Paulo´s Strategic Master Plan of 2014 (Plano Diretor Estratégico - PDE) that target making financing feasible for its sustainable mobility policy, exemplified by the usage of part of the resources from the Fundo Municipal de Desenvolvimento Urbano (FUNDURB) to this end. The main resulting element of these guidelines on the territory is represented by the Eixos de Estruturação da Transformação Urbana (EETU), where are the highest Floor Are Ratio (FAR) index and the qualified dense urban development can be seen, the latter of which is guided by the mass transit axes, a correlated principle with the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

This study has researched five retained children aged 6 to 12 years, three male and two female from Primary School attending a private school in São Paulo, aiming to investigate their comprehension of their parents attitudes concerning their learning difficulties, on a Psychoanalytic theoretical framework. It describes the analyses of the Family Drawing and the Educational Pair Drawing produced by each participant as well as the questioning of those drawings. Most common signs were shyness and feeling of inadequacy, or guilty due to inadequate behaviors. Data analysis also showed that children who presented learning difficulties presented significant family conflicts such as mother and father distance. Results point to enhancing parent and children relationships and prevention of school difficulties.

This case study aims to investigate and analyze the presence of socioemotional wealth in a group of family businesses and, based on the results of this analysis, present and propose changes in order to enhance the benefits resulting from the identification of the dimensions of socioemotional wealth that according to the literature it is a resource that generates competitive advantage. The research is characterized as exploratory and of a quantitative and qualitative nature. Two techniques of data collection were used: the first, application of questionnaires for employees of the family group companies to measure their perception of the presence of the dimensions of socioemotional wealth in the group companies, and the second carried out through semi-structured interviews. with family members from three different generations, to identify which of the dimensions of socioemotional wealth are most present in the family group. The theoretical contribution of the study consists in the discussion of socioemotional wealth, with regard to the involvement of the family in the organization and management of the business, taking into account that socioemotional wealth reinforces the sustainability of family businesses. This study broadens the debate about the importance of maintaining socioemotional wealth in family businesses, suggesting that this process contributes to the maintenance of a sustained competitive advantage, from the point of view of family integration. In view of the results, this research contributes to the reduction of the theoretical gaps identified during the literature review, presenting a way to measure the presence of the dimensions of Socioemotional Wealth in family organizations.