RCAAP Repository

ABSTRACT Objective: to build a term database relevant to nursing practice in the context of COVID-19 infections. Methods: this is a methodological, documentary study, carried out from March to June 2020 at ICNP®/ Universidade Federal da Paraíba center, considered a reference for research and dissemination of ICNP® in Brazil. The findings were collected in databases and analyzed using the PorOnto tool, the consensus technique and the mapping of terms with ICNP®, version 2019/2020. Results: 1,134 relevant terms were identified in literature. When submitted to the mapping technique with the terms of ICNP® Seven Axis Model, it resulted in 531 constant terms and 603 nonconstant terms in this classification. Final considerations: It is proven that nursing practice terms, even in a specific context, are present in the literature and are representative in ICNP®, which will enable the future development of a terminological subset in the context of coronavirus infections.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic mobilizes masculinities in relation to mental health. Methods: qualitative study conducted with 400 men, in a virtual environment, in all regions of Brazil. The data were analyzed by the Discourse of the Collective Subject and based on Symbolic Interactionism. Results: the mobilization of masculinities emerged from men towards the recognition of weaknesses and psycho-emotional vulnerabilities, with narratives that reveal the expression of feelings, pain, discomfort and psychological suffering, and showed themselves to be sensitive and engaged in performing practices, including autonomous ones, of health care mental. Final considerations: the pandemic mobilizes masculinities as men print meanings and senses, in their interaction and interpretation of mental health, and is a marker for the nursing clinic conduct.

ABSTRACT Objective: Exhibit the health professionals’ perception about the assistance provided during the COVID-19 pandemic mentioned television media. Methods: Qualitative study developed after analysis of the videos with a testimonial from practitioners assisting patients with COVID-19, presented by the series “Inside Here” (in Portuguese, “Aqui Dentro”), of Globo TV News Jornal Nacional, broadcasted in 2020. Textual data was processed by the software IRAMUTEQ with descending hierarchical classification and content analysis, having the theoretical framework as the psychodynamics of Dejours’ study. Results: Three categories emerged: work overload in assisting; subjective mobilization of health professionals; strategies to face in assisting. Final considerations: We verified the physical and psychic work overload during the assistance, but there was a concern to ensure a humanized care. Despite the difficulties faced, the recovery and discharge from patients generated motivation and satisfaction in front of the COVID-19 scenario.

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct and validate educational technology on COVID-19 and essential care for families of children/adolescents with sickle cell disease. Methods: this is a methodological study, in three stages: 1) elaborated educational technology, using the Doak, Doak and Root theoretical-methodological model; 2) content and appearance validation by the content validity coefficient. Delphi technique was applied in two rounds (Delphi I [12 judges]/Delphi II [11 judges]); 3) conducting a pilot test with six families. Results: “Sickle cell disease and COVID-19: essential care” included: consequences of COVID-19 in sickle cell disease, guidelines for reducing the risks of contracting the virus and having complications, signs and symptoms of COVID-19, guidelines in case of child/adolescent with suspicion or symptoms of COVID-19. Global content validity coefficient (Delphi II): 0.98. Conclusion: educational technology presented content and appearance validity for families of children/adolescents with sickle cell disease, related to COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Objective: Develop and validate a leaflet to guide health professionals in preventive measures related to injuries caused by the use of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: For the construction of the brochure, an integrative review was carried out in the main databases. The evaluation of the leaflet was made by 59 health professionals (nurses, physiotherapists, and doctors), using the Delphi technique. Results: In the first evaluation cycle, the items in the brochure were considered by the judges to be “inadequate” to “adequate”; the Content Validity Index was 0.80-1.0. After the adjustments suggested by the judges were implemented, the leaflet was sent back to the second evaluation cycle, in which all items were considered “adequate”, resulting in a Content Validity Index of 1.0. Conclusion: The developed brochure has content validity and can assist health professionals in preventing injuries caused by the use of personal protective equipment the developed brochure has content validity and can assist health professionals in preventing injuries caused by the use of personal protective equipment.

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception of adults with obesity about remote monitoring at the beginning of the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: A descriptive-exploratory, qualitative study with participants in remote monitoring of a multi-professional treatment program in southern Brazil. Data was collected through digital platforms with interviews in written or audio-recorded records. The results were submitted to content analysis, thematic modality. Results: 26 women participated, emerging the thematic category "Difficulties and potentialities in adherence to lifestyle changes during the pandemic. Among the difficulties are the change of routine and increased anxiety; and, among the potentialities are the multi-professional accompaniment, decreased tension, and weight control. Final considerations: The participants' perception showed considerable weaknesses in adhering to the program, caused by social distance. Studies with remote interventions are essential to improve the quality of this type of health care.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the nurse's emotions about coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Method: We conducted a qualitative study with 58 nurses, students of the postgraduate course in Nursing of a higher education institution in Fortaleza, State of Ceará, Brazil. We obtained data through questionnaires with a sociodemographic approach and reflections on the emotions/perceptions of nurses, as well as a synchronous meeting to discuss strategies for worker health during the pandemic. We organized the results on the IRaMuTeQ software with a presentation in figures and speeches. Results: The speeches revealed emotions such as anxiety, tiredness, fear, insecurity, distress, and emotional pain. However, the occurrence of words such as "tranquility" and "well-being" emphasize comfort, overcoming, and hope. Final considerations: The Master's degree students showed concern for family members, fear, and anxiety, with requests for actions by people management to promote strategies to minimize and control such emotions.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with psychological distress in students and workers at a public nursing college during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study, carried out by a structured survey based on the internet with a sample of 477 students and workers. Prevalence ratios were calculated and adjusted Prevalence Ratios were obtained by Poisson Regression, with robust variance control and stepwise backward technique. Results: the prevalence of psychological distress was 19.29% (95%CI: 15.98-23.09). Testing (PR 1.55; p-value 0.026) and belonging to the COVID-19 risk group (1.71; p-value 0.005), perception of family atmosphere (PR 3.10; p-value <0.001), feelings of loneliness (PR 2.64; p-value <0.001) and family violence (PR 2.21; p-value 0.005) were associated with distress. Conclusions: the high magnitude of the event and its association with COVID-19, loneliness and family dynamics arouse the need to build strategies that promote a place of protection for schools.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe coping strategies, concerns and habits of Brazilian men during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive and nationwide study, carried out in 2020 with a total of 1015 men living in Brazil. A descriptive statistic was used. Results: Young (41.2%), black (61.4%), highly educated (66.8%), high income (33.2%), living with family/friends (49.7%) and formal workers (65.6%) predominated. As coping strategies predominated: exclusive use of the private health system (36.4%), support from family/friends (78.2%) and leisure (97.7%) and domestic activities (64.9 %). Social distancing (59.7%), economic (58.0%) and work situations (44.4%) were the main reasons for concern. Among the prevention/control attitudes, hand washing (94.3%) and social distancing (91.0%) prevailed. Media consumption (84.6%) and health risk (65.4%) were the main increased habits. Conclusion: Brazilian men adopted coping strategies recommended by health authorities, with concerns and habits of potential risk to physical and mental health.

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents with COVID-19 in the world literature. Methods: a scoping review systematized by the Joanna Briggs Institute protocol in the PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Science direct and Google Scholar databases. Articles with children and/or adolescents with laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 were used. Results: thirty-two articles were included in the review. Most children and adolescents were male, with contamination by family transmission. The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever, cough and diarrhea. Ten studies cited pre-existing condition/disease, and hospital length ranged from one to twenty days. Three deaths were reported and no study presented race/color, education and socioeconomic conditions. Conclusion: it was possible to screen the epidemiological profile with information about age group, sex, probable contamination of the disease, clinical manifestations, presence of pre-existing disease/condition, hospitalization and deaths among children and adolescents with COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the scientific evidence of complications and the need for cardiovascular interventions in people hospitalized by Covid-19. Method: a scoping review carried out according to The Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations, in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases. Results: A total of 11 published studies from December of 2019 to April of 2020, presenting low levels of evidence were selected. The evidence described the myocardial injury as the most common cardiac complication reported in Covid-19, reported in approximately 8% to 12% of all severe individuals, with indications for oxygen therapy interventions, thrombotic disorders prevention and treatment, hemodynamic monitoring and assessment tests of cardiac function’s performance, along with biochemical markers of myocardial injury, yet not addressing nursing interventions. Conclusion: Cardiovascular complications and interventions have not shown consensus on the found evidence, requiring causal analysis by explanatory studies that support multi-professional clinical protocols in health.

ABSTRACT Objective to map the knowledge about the clinical findings, treatment and outcome of newborns and children infected with COVID-19. Methods a scoping review with search of eight databases and electronic search engine in April 2020. Results the 12 studies analyzed showed that the main clinical findings in this population were nasal congestion, fever, respiratory distress, diarrhea, fatigue, dry cough, increased C-reactive protein, leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated procalcitonin, bilateral ground-glass opacity, pulmonary consolidation, and pneumonia. Antivirals, respiratory support, immunomodulatory therapy, glucocorticoids, antibiotics and alpha interferon were used as treatment. The presence of a cure with hospital discharge is present in most cases. Final considerations most patients required hospitalization, but it evolved to cure. This study provided a greater scientific basis by showing clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in neopediatric patients with COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map the care recommendations available in the literature capable of supporting health professionals’ decision-making in the organ and tissue donation process before the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: is a nine-step scoping review with searches performed in three databases and an electronic library (Science Direct). Results: 873 publications were retrieved, 15 selected for analysis. All were published in 2020, originating mainly on China, with predominance of original articles. The most frequent recommendations relate to testing to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection for deceased donors (52.6%) and clinical evaluation of potential donors and possible donors (31.6%). Final considerations: it is believed that the recommendations evidenced will support health professionals in the process of donation and organ transplantations to determine interventions for decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the scientific knowledge about COVID-19 in older adults. Method: this is a scoping review literature review. A search was performed in the PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and LILACS databases. Original articles that answered the guiding question were included: what scientific knowledge is available in the world about COVID-19 in older adults? Results: thirty-one articles were included, most of them carried out in China (n=23) and with a retrospective design (n=13) and case studies/case series (n=13). Based on the findings, six thematic categories emerged: clinical signs and symptoms (n=12), other information (n=9), adverse outcomes/complications resulting from COVID-19 (n=8), age relationship and greater severity of COVID-19 (n=8), variables related to death by COVID-19 (n=8), and diagnostic findings (n=8). Conclusion: the findings reinforce older adults’ greater vulnerability to the worsening of COVID-19, as well as to complications resulting from the disease, including the greater occurrence of death.

ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze available evidence related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vertical transmission. Methods: Scoping review, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR. Searches were conducted in five electronic databases to find publications about coronavirus infection and vertical transmission. Data were extracted, analyzed and synthesized by three independent researchers using a descriptive approach. Results: The search resulted in 76 publications. After selective steps, 15 articles – retrospective descriptive or case studies – were analyzed, all in English. In order to track the infection, specimens were collected from neonates through nasal swabs and C-reactive protein from breast milk, cord blood, amniotic fluid, placenta and vaginal secretion was analyzed. A small percentage of neonates tested positive for COVID-19, but these cases were not attributed to vertical transmission. Conclusion: Vertical transmission could not be demonstrated. Research protocol registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/fawmv).

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the evidence on mental health interventions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: this scoping review was carried out in the MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Science Direct databases and in the medRxiv, bioRxiv, and PsyArXiv preprints servers using the descriptors “Covid-19”, “coronavirus infection”, “coronavirus”, “2019-nCoV”, “2019 novel coronavirus disease”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “health personnel”, “general public”, and “mental health”. Results: eight articles were selected and categorized into mental health interventions for the population, among which mental health interventions were for people diagnosed with suspicion/confirmed COVID-19 and mental health interventions for health professionals. Conclusion: telemonitoring, virtual games and strategies focused on social support and muscle relaxation techniques, characterized as non-pharmacological and low-cost, were shown as interventions, which, since they are effective, need to be encouraged and included in mental health care practices.

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on empathic listening use as a welcoming strategy for nursing professionals to cope with the challenges during the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus. Methods: this is a reflection study based on updated data surveys and theoretical-conceptual aspects of Non-Violent Communication and empathic listening. Results: in the performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing professionals are exposed to violence of different natures related to occupational stress, work overload, anguishes and silenced suffering, with implications for the workers’ health, who can be benefited and strengthened with empathetic listening. Final considerations: the health crisis has highlighted the weaknesses of the health system. Nursing acts as the largest contingent of the health workforce in coping with the pandemic. Empathetic listening is a powerful strategy in caring for and strengthening nursing professionals.

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect, in the light of the Health Belief Model, on the adoption of behavioral measures in the context of COVID-19. Methods: Theoretical-reflective essay, based on the Health Belief Model, to reflect on adherence to preventive behaviors in the pandemic of COVID-19. Results: Adherence to preventive behaviors is strongly influenced by socioeconomic, territorial, political and individual factors in the face of critical health situations. In addition, the spread of false news modulates the thinking and execution of behavioral actions in the population. Final Considerations: It is necessary to understand the importance of health communication processes and the use of tools aimed at responsible human behavior and engaged in the adoption of a preventive posture.

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the safe care exercised by the pre-hospital care team by emergency ambulance in times of coronavirus infection. Method: A reflection and description of how to provide safe care to the patient and the professional during pre-hospital care in times of coronavirus infection. Results: To ensure the health of all those involved in the care, health professionals who work in pre-hospital care by emergency ambulance should use the recommended Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as the use of surgical masks and N95, N99, N100, PFF2 or PFF3, the use of an apron or overall, goggles and face shield, gloves and a hat. The entire team must receive training and demonstrate the ability to use PPE correctly and safely. Final considerations: The professional working in the pre-hospital care by ambulance is exposed to a series of occupational risks that need to be discussed and minimized through professional training.

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the main characteristics and recommendations of Incident Reporting Systems, discuss the population’s participation in reporting, and point out challenges in the Brazilian system. Method: Reflection study, based on Ordinance No. 529/13, which instituted the National Patient Safety Program, under Collegiate Board Resolution (CBR) No. 36/13; reflections by experts were added. Results: Reporting systems are a source for learning and monitoring, allow early detection of incidents, investigations and, mainly, the generation of recommendations prior to recurrences, in addition to raising information for patients and relatives. There is little participation of the population in the reporting, regardless of the type of system and characteristics such as confidentiality, anonymity, and mandatory nature. Final Considerations: In Brazil, although reporting is mandatory, there is an urgency to advance the involvement and participation of the population, professionals, and institutions. To simplify data entry by improving the interface and importing data from the reporting system is an objective to be achieved.