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Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível

This dissertation addresses the subject of citizenship related to the principle of the natural judge, with the central objective of verifying the elements of such principle in the Federal Constitution and its importance for full citizenship in the Democratic State of Law, as well as its applicability in the so - called Car Wash Operation. Thus, an analysis of the importance of the principles’ set forth by the Federal Constitution – and their correct interpretation - is carried out, as well as an analysis of the historical context and development of the principle in Brazilian constitutions and international treaties. The elements of the natural judge’s principle and the treatment given to them by the Federal Constitution of 1988 as well as its extension to the principle of the natural prosecutor and the natural delegate is also verified. Afterwards, the question of jurisdiction and its interaction with the principle, the rules of jurisdiction in the code of criminal procedure and the consequences of their violation are analyzed. Finally, the consistency of the principle in the Car Wash Operation is scrutinized, being also examined the aspects of the specialization of lower courts by court’s resolutions, as well as the jurisdiction to judge the cases of the operation, where upon violations to the constitutional principle in both the setting up of specialized lower courts and the jurisdiction rules set forth by infra-constitutional legislation have been identified.

The purpose of this dissertation is to present a study, through the Constructive Research Approach strategy, the Incubator Mackenzie Presbyterian University, in order to identify the needs of Management Control Systems of the incubated companies, the predispositions of their managers to use of these systems and from these results, propose management Control solutions that meet their demands so that they can contribute to more efficient management of projects. To achieve the general objective were established four specific objectives: 1) Identify the characteristics of the companies incubated in the Incubator of Mackenzie University in the area of services, 2) identify the Management Control needs in line with their characteristics, 3) identify predispositions of managers of incubated companies with respect to the management Control System uses and 4) Propose controller solutions that meet the needs of companies incubated in the Incubator service area enterprises Mackenzie Presbyterian University. The study is situated within a constructive approach and involves two areas of knowledge: Contingency Theory and Management Accounting. To achieve general objective it was decided to use the qualitative technique, where there was the application of semi-structured interviews with managers of all incubated companies. Qualitative analysis performed through content analysis, we sought to use as a model the classification of incubated companies in organic enterprises (flexible) or mechanical (standard structure) considering the contingency variables strategy, technology, environment and structure. The results indicate that in most cases, the projects were classified as organic, which means that it should adopt a Management Control practice consistent with their structures and that is not only vital to the existence of a Management Control System but also their full adherence by managers to propitiate them with tools that provide information for making more accurate decision. All specific objectives were accomplished considering the proposed cycles of action research.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

This research work proposes to verify the meanings of reading the Bible as literature in Brazil. It starts by a bibliographical research that compares the titles launched in Brazilian publishing market from the 1990s and that have offered literary approaches for the biblical books. By this research it´s possible to point out that there´s no homogeneity among works and authors, while there´s a more fluid mediating interference of religions groups on the process of biblical reading, what allows greater care to these texts aesthetic aspects as well as their importance as a cultural patrimony. On the other hand, at the same time that religious mediations are reduced, there´s also the strong influence of other mediating forces, such as secular academical literary institutions that urge for critics’ fitting to contemporary literary theories. Considering the evaluation of titles that correspond to literary approaches of the Bible in Brazil, either from foreign or native authors, it was also possible to distinguish two work views that are explicitly differentiated by the editors that have published them. The first group, published by secular publishers, is formed by literary critics that have got interested in the Bible, especially by its literary value and importance for the understanding of western artistical production. For those, the greatest challenge was to overcome prejudice that put the Bible apart from other literary works, being therefore considered of importance only within religious subjects. The other group, published by religious editors, is formed by critics that have started their studies in theological fields, by biblical exegesis and, similar to the first ones, moved to contemporary literary theories in theirs studies in order to improve the already known biblical interpretation. For this second group, these new reading strategies represent improvements as long as they are helpful tools to overcome historical paradigms from traditional exegesis.

The research here developed has had the intention of showing the build up of the ethos in the advertising speech of L Oréal through the analysis of advertising pieces propagated in the printed media in the year 2006.Studied since Aristotle s Rhetoric until our times through the Speech Analysis and authors as Maingueneau and Charaudeau, the ethos takes part into the formation of the enunciative scene, also built by aspects the place and time of the articulation, social condition of the speaker and the listener of the message and the situation in which the speech is being produced. As the ethos is the voice of the speech, it makes interdependent all the other relevant elements for the building of the scene. To achieve the objective, we start by pointing out the definition and presentation of concepts referring to the Speech Analysis (more specifically about the ethos) according to the works of Charaudeau (2006) e Maingueneau (1997, 1999 e 2002), and to aspects of the advertising language according to Carvalho (2003), Carrascoza (2003) and Priore (2000). The considerations about Ideology retake authors as Althusser (1998), Bakhtin (1990) and Neto (1999); theoretic aspects about ethos, rhetoric and persuasion in the works of Aristóteles (199_ e 2000), Maingueneau e Charaudeau. In the analysis, the advertisings were described in their image aspects; after that, they were studied in relation to their speech and ideological formation, and, finally, according to the message transmitted by the speaker of the ethos. As the result, it was verified that, independently of the product announced or the kind of public to be achieved by the speech of the speaker, the same ethos is kept trying to offer the consumers something that may be able to resolve an important problem for the modern women: the necessity of eternal beauty and youth, which are values imposed by the current Ideology. For this to be possible, the speaker of the ethos of L Oréal Paris uses famous models (who posses the values desired for modern women) to give authority to the advertisings. So the ethos suggests always that common women can also become beautiful and young as the stars in the ads.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Ministério dos Petróleos de Angola

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

The propagation model to be chosen in the design of a digital terrestrial broadcast station is a critical point for predicting the coverage area. There are several models, with specific characteristics that may be better than others in certain situations. This dissertation presents a study of the choice of propagation model, through the use of artificial intelligence (AI). A brief review of the SBTVD (Brazilian System of Digital Television), the complexity operation in SFN (Single Frequency Network) and the most widely used propagation models in the literature. The comparison of propagation models was elaborated with the field measurements and simulations by the Progira coverage prediction software, which works on an ArcGis geoprocessing platform that considered the criterion of smallest average error (absolute mean deviation, standard deviation and root mean square error) between the field measurement and the software simulation. The propagation model ITUR P. 1812-3 had the best average performance. To optimize the analysis of choice of propagation models, an AI method was developed by machine learning, classification learning, so that the computer can formulate aspects of human intelligence and have the ability to choose the best propagation model for each study area, not restricted to sites measured in the field. The Support Vectors Machines and Nearest Neighbor Classifiers learning models displayed a significant improvement of the average error in comparison to the model of propagation of smallest average error.

The beginning of this new century brought lots of changes, resulting from social and technological changes, wich women are submitted. They live in a time of no absolute truths and have to deal the unpredictable. Her roler passed through transformations during the years and it can be observed even in the religious sphere. These situations require constants adaptations, and all this process triggers a stress process. The incidence of stress in Brazil estimated in 32% of the adult population, and women are the most affected. The postmodern thought also brought the possibility of perceiveing the religion and the spirituality as important aspects of human experience. The religious traditions overall, didn‟t follow the changes and didn´t offer new rituals to the transitions, such as divorce, unemployment and extended families. Disconnected from rituals people may get stuck in specific emotions. This dissertation presents a possibility of correlating the concept of religious coping with adaptation strategies of Presbyterian women facing the daily stress. The overall goal of the research is to identify the forms used by the individual to face the stressor situations and enroll the facilitators that promote its adjustment in these situations. The research subject are women who attend Presbyterian churches with a mean frequency of 24 years in the city of São Paulo. The sample consists of 52 volunteer women, whose ages oscillate between 25 and 72 years. The technical resources are the General Questionnaire , WHOQOL_BREF, the Survey of symptoms of stress and the Scale of religious-spiritual coping. The stress will still be part of the life of men and women, but the humans have ability to learn coping strategies. And that‟s why the researches in this area assume importance. One of the ways to handle the stress is through religion, and it is known by religious coping. The psychotherapy spiritually integrated is a facilitator for the stress process. For the sample of this research, the religious coping proved to be dominant as search for meaning in crisis times. The area that requires more efforts from the Presbyterian women is the family. The anxiety is the emotion/feeling most experienced by the participants. To deal with tough situations, the volunteers pray and also communicate their unpleasant feelings to some people. Furthermore the church is perceived as a facilitator of emotional health.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Antidumping measures are an important tool of the state in the strategy of domestic industry protection, aimed at developing the country. Currently, it s the main mechanism used by the Member States of the WTO to curb the entry of foreign products in the domestic market. Brazil has been one of the biggest users. Looking at the history and at the development strategy of the currently developed countries, it becomes clear certain pattern, consisting of activists industrial, commercial and technological policies, such as infant industry protection, tariff protection, and a host direct and indirect intervention in the economy. Moreover, these countries achieved development, adopted in his period of catching-up, protectionist policies, in order to benefit its domestic industry by mainly tariff protection, from advocating trade liberalization only after reaching the technological frontier and have industries reached their international competitiveness. These strategies must be observed by countries that today seek to achieve development, such as Brazil. Economic liberalism eventually leading Latin American economies to specialization. That countries producing and exporting primary products and importing manufactured goods from abroad. The consequences of adopting such a policy are reflected even today, even after industrialization through import substitution occurred during the last century, the development has not been achieved. The movement of international trade liberalization and development of the multilateral system of international trade meant that tariff barriers fall gradually in trade relations among the countries participating in the GATT and especially after the agreement that gave rise to the WTO. Brazil, on account of these trade agreements, was forced to lay aside the use of tariff protection, passing in the last decade, the use of trade defense mechanisms, especially the anti-dumping measures, the greater ease in application, and little international effect, disputes and retaliation. The entry into force of the a new Decree Antidumping modernized Brazilian antidumping proceeding, leaving him, in theory, more quickly in the investigation of dumping, and more effective in the application or otherwise of measures; and as more inclusive and detailed has given greater legal predictability for the private sector.

This paper discusses the recent Urban Projects in the metropolis by analyzing the Contemporary City in order to understand how interventions are made in a Brazilian metropolitan area, in this case Grande ABC Paulista. Since the late 1990s, the region has shown significant changes, especially with regard to the occupation of available and obsolete land, inherited in the restructuring process that municipalities in ABC have suffered. The alternatives that have emerged in response to this process attracted investor interest, particularly in the real estate market. Large areas available to meet an important requirement for the type of product sold by those investors: closed condominiums, horizontal or vertical, residential or varied uses of trade and services, such as hotels and office condominiums. The case studied in greater depth is Projeto Cidade Pirelli , which began its process with a great and innovative urban design , has enacted a specific law to allow its Urban Operation . After fifteen years, the project has undergone several changes. Part of the area allotted to it was sold and is under construction a new real estate development. The work seeks to associate the concepts advocated by leading experts and scholars of the reconstruction of cities around the world with the reality of Região do Grande ABC. The goal is to understand how our interventions are performed and reflect on a possible contribution to our processes.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

The purpose of the present research was to understand the perspective of the administration of a small and medium-sized company on the usefulness of one of the products of an audit work: The auditor's letter of recommendation submitted to the administration. Through a descriptive and exploratory quantitative and qualitative research, an analysis of 108 letters of recommendations from 54 different companies in the state of São Paulo was carried out, companies in which had consecutive years of audit. As well as interviews with professionals in the field and administrators of small and medium-sized companies that received the letter of recommendation. For the analysis of the data collected, the Microsoft Excel tool was used. In general, it was noted that all 54 companies used some of the recommendations made by the auditors, thus regularizing many of the identified inconsistencies. In addition, it was noted that the audit of the financial statements and recommendations can be used as a management tool, through the control of activities, review of procedures, to prevent frauds, failure and inconsistencies and to help the company to get updated on changes in accounting, tax and labor regulations. Regarding compliance with the recommendations, it was observed that small and medium size companies, despite having the desire to adopt most of the recommendations and become an organized corporation, have certain limitations related to their structure and lack of resources. Finally, it was noted that small and medium size companies operate within the limits of the market in terms of resources and also that during the audit, strategy and management recommendations that may improve the processes and speed procedures of these companies are well received by the administration. Given this context, it was concluded that small and medium-sized companies generally observe the recommendations in a positive way, using good part of the recommendations for the management of their company and "filtering" recommendations that somehow do not fit the structural reality and resources of small and medium-sized enterprises.