RCAAP Repository

The emergence of supply chain as a growing area of research has generated a renewed interest in theory and theory-making within the field of operations management. This interest is the result of the parallel advances in other areas like economics, sociology, and general management that have developed theoretical perspectives and tools relevant for the operations domain. Work in these areas has demonstrated the relevance of strategic action and organizational structure that are traditionally ignored in an operations framework. In this paper we propose a new theory through which existing research paradigms in the field of operations management may be reinterpreted and redirected. We call this theory the Theory of Entrepreneurial Policy Alignment (TEPA). The point of departure for the theory is the concept of the policy as the locus of institutional activity. The TEPA defines the policy as the fundamental unit of economic analysis and the strategic lever of entrepreneurial action. Analysis of policy – as opposed to the individual choice or the transaction cost – permits the examination of economic activity, which draws attention to the Schumpeterian dynamics of competing supply chains operating in environments far from equilibrium. This theoretical innovation marks the theory as distinct from others on order and can be seen as a movement through transaction cost economics. The TEPA recognizes the consequential nature of operations and incorporates policy considerations to arrive at a newer institutional economics. In this paper, we motivate the argument for developing such a theory, present its basic features and provide an example of how TEPA may be applied to a decision to offshore a manufacturing production facility.

The key to a library’s success is its ability to effectively and economically deliver services and information that users value. Additionally, the objective of supply chain management is to coordinate the focal firm’s processes and activities with those of its suppliers and customers, such that the firm’s delivered products and services meet or exceed customer requirements. It thus seemed appropriate to analyze a library from a supply chain perspective to assess and improve its ability to serve its users. Consequently, the authors employed an action research methodology to work with library personnel from two departments, User Services and Technical Services, as they merged into one division, to map the information resources supply chain of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas Lied Library. Once the supply chain model was completed, key processes were analyzed and performance measures designed, with the goal of improving division products and services. This paper reviews the relevant literature, presents the Lied Library information resources supply chain model, and provides the performance measures along with several improvement examples.

Originally a response to environmental pressures, the paradigm of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a socioenvironmental strategy. The study was centered around the question: according to the two-dimensional model of Quazi and O’Brien, what is the socioenvironmental perspective of the midsize retail supermarket industry in Fortaleza? The study design was exploratory and quantitative. Information was gathered from the managers of 14 midsize supermarkets in Fortaleza using a closed structured questionnaire containing 25 items based on the model of Quazi and O’Brien. Using exploratory factorial analysis, the sampled companies were found to be clustered in the “modern view” quadrant of the model.

The main aim of this study was to conduct a meticulous analysis of which words or terms are used in the variables that best represent the concepts of SCM practices. The research conducted can be classified as being of a descriptive, exploratory and qualitative character. The search of the articles was made in the Scopus and Web of Science. The final sample was composed of 51 articles, drawn from 18 periodicals. For analysis, the definition of a construct was taken as the base, its relation with manifested variables and words or terms most used and coherent with the definition of the concepts and the contexts in which these terms were applied. A total of 639 variables that defined constructs, were transcribed. Similarity is noted in the employment of their variables and common use of words in the definition of the concepts. However, the constructs possess different nomenclatures. Therefore, confusion is present in the studies analyzed. The study sought to contribute to greater discernment of the concepts, making a critical reflective understanding of the practices in the area. It was raised in the subsections of the discussions that the authors used the same terms in different contexts. It was pointed out the future prospects for formation of the concepts, showing how such constructs are being modified and perfected by means of the introduction of theories, such as the theory of Transaction Cost Economics, the Resource-Based View, Agency Theory, and Knowledge-Based Theory

O artigo visa apresentar resultados de pesquisa a qual teve como objetivo estudar a maneira como a jurisprudência, emitida por alguns tribunais brasileiros, vem considerando a possibilidade de aplicação da guarda compartilhada de crianças e de adolescentes. Na investigação foram analisados acórdãos prolatados por três estados da Federação no período entre 12 de agosto de 2008 - quando entrou em vigor a Lei Federal n° 11698/08, que regulamenta a aplicação da guarda compartilhada - e abril de 2010. As argumentações que envolviam considerações sobre o bem-estar psíquico de crianças e de adolescentes foram separadas em categorias e examinadas à luz dos conhecimentos das ciências humanas. Observou-se que a natureza dos argumentos utilizados em decisões que negam a aplicação da guarda compartilhada diverge do entendimento de estudos recentes daquela área de conhecimentos.

The research objective is verifying the strategic alignment of supply practices between automakers and suppliers in the Brazilian automotive supply chains. It makes an exploratory-descriptive study of objectives, using quantitative/qualitative procedures and inductive reasoning. The concept used for analyzing the alignment of practices was based on Vachon et al. (2009). The main conclusion of this study is that suppliers and automakers seem to align their supply strategy, giving support to a desirable situation of single chain project. The subsidiary conclusion is the lack of relationship between intensity of the link and misalignment in these companies. The main contributions are the analysis of the relationship established in tiers that are the furthest removed from the focal companies; identification of practices that support the expansion of a new model of arrangements implemented by automakers in Brazil; and understanding of the processes that companies have adopted in order to manage their supply chains and the implications of these activities for the competitiveness of both the company and the supply chain as a whole.

Este artigo parte do diálogo existente entre Direito e Economia para analisar os contratos de arrendamento e parceria no Brasil. Admite-se que a legislação pátria coloca entraves ao estabelecimento desses contratos, especialmente naqueles que envolvem produtores mais pobres. Vale-se de um resgate histórico do processo de criação do Estatuto da Terra para compreender o contexto que embala o surgimento do aparato legal específico aos contratos agrários. Ademais, apresenta as principais características dos contratos, por exemplo, prazos, forma de pagamento, direito de preferência, indenização por benfeitorias. Verifica-se que a regulamentação dos contratos de arrendamento e parceria nasce em meio a interesses pontuais e contraditórios. As cláusulas contratuais nem sempre assistem a parte economicamente mais frágil. Conclui-se que o uso mais intenso dos contratos agrários no país depende de mudanças na legislação, de modo que atenda as condições socioeconomicas dos arrendatários e parceiros, sobretudo, dos pequenos produtores.

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of interaction between external communication, internal information processing and internal logistics in the financial control of Brazilian Micro and Small Enterprises. It was characterized as a survey with a quantitative approach, and the applied statistics consist of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation models, based on a sample of 183 companies. Considering a significance smaller that 0.05, the main results have presented that internal information processing and internal logistics showed a positive and significant relationship with financial control. Internal logistics and external communication also proved to be positively and significantly correlated.

Partindo de um alerta do filósofo estoico Séneca a seu discípulo Lucílio, o presente artigo pretende refletir sobre o fenômeno da desumanização das ordens jurídicas, descrevendo as suas causas e as conseqüências que podem advir do aprofundamento desse processo. em primeiro lugar, analisa-se a chamada tecnicização do direito, diferenciando-a do formalismo jurídico propugnado pelo juspositivismo. Dentre os vários fatores de desumanização dos ordenamentos jurídicos, sublinha-se a unidimens lonalização das sociedades pós-industriais. Por fim, descreve-se o direito enquanto distopia, apontando algumas possíveis alternativas para a reconstrução de um discurso jusfilosófico contemporâneo sobre a justiça, de maneira a superar as formas de convívio social hoje impostas que apresentam características particularmente autoritárias e perversas.

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A prática judicial depara-se com uma tensão marcante entre a discricionariedade normativa e as capacidades institucionais do judiciário. Isso significa que há gradações de clareza nos diplomas legais que podem exigir maior ou menor grau de especialização dos atores responsáveis por sua aplicação. Surgem problemas dessa tensão, destacando-se os momentos em que há maior abertura à discricionariedade sem que haja uma especialização proporcional. A clareza normativa, cuja ausência até pode ser combatida com a especialização, por si só evita problemas relativos a um poder discricionário desmedido e à dissonância jurisprudencial. Quando a falta de clareza normativa se impõe à prática da interpretação judicial, o que se observa é um quadro de insegurança jurídica significativa que atualmente se busca superar por meio de mecanismos de uniformização decisional. O Brasil traz exemplos de grande influência na atividade judiciária como as súmulas, os enunciados e as súmulas vinculantes. Apesar da resistência que se apresenta a estas últimas, sobretudo em nome da independência dos juízes, até mesmo países de tradição do Common Law desenvolvem novos instrumentos. Os Guidelines ingleses enfrentam o problema da falta de clareza e concorrem para uma situação de maior consonância decisional sustentando a ideia criada de Rule of Courts.

Este artigo explora a possibilidade de interpretação do direito como um bem de capital e as implicações dessa interpretação para a compreensão do comportamento agregado da litigiosidade brasileira. A teoria indica que pode haver uma relação direta entre o estoque real de capital jurídico em um determinado ordenamento e o comportamento agregado de litigantes, pois uma oferta subótima de segurança jurídica gera incentivos privados ao litígio. Essa inter-relação deve gerar um comportamento cíclico de litigância, não observado no Brasil.

O artigo é uma reflexão da dogmática do direito civil e direito processual civil, com especial enfoque na análise de jurisprudência do TRF-1, utilizando o método de análise de discurso. O CNJ reconhece que o conflito agrário tem peculiaridades que exigem que o magistrado seja sensível às especificidades desse tipo de disputa. Essa é a base da necessidade de análise do cumprimento da função social como um pré-requisito para a concessão da tutela possessória, apesar da falta de uma disposição expressa nesse sentido. Foi possível comprovar que os tribunais têm feito esse tipo de exame, mas apenas quando o resultado é favorável para o proprietário. Conclui-se que a ampliação do papel da função social na análise do merecimento de tutela possessória materializa o olhar diferenciado que o CNJ espera que o juiz agrário tenha, possibilitando a justa resolução dos conflitos de terra.

O direito fundamental à informação, previsto no artigo 5º, xiv, da CF, resulta nos deveres de transparência pública ativa e passiva da administração pública. Através do método dedutivo de abordagem, o presente estudo aborda a atuação do conselho nacional de justiça (CNJ), no âmbito de sua competência normativa, a fim de efetivar a transparência no poder judiciário, a partir da utilização das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, especialmente a internet. Ao final, após utilização das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental aliadas ao método de procedimento comparativo, empregado para contrastar as disposições trazidas pelas resoluções do CNJ e pela lei n. 12.527/11 (LAI), concluiu-se que a atuação do CNJ, no contexto da sociedade informacional, é positiva em alguns pontos, como publicidade das informações da execução orçamentária, gestão financeira e de recursos humanos, mas insuficiente em relação a outros, notadamente a transparência pública passiva.

Supply chain performance depends on the efficiency of supply chain. The efficiency depends on the utilized inputs and the outcome. In this paper an attempt has been taken to measure the efficiency of supply chain. We have taken the case of pharmaceutical industry of India. Efficiency of supply chain has been measured by taking inputs and outputs. The average technical efficiency score obtained through CRS model is 0.868, indicating scope for lots of improvement for the Pharmaceutical companies

One major characteristic of studies in operations and supply chain management literature is a focus on how integration can lead to superior operations and manufacturing outcomes. Most of these studies, however, focus only on internal or external integration and few have been dedicated to understand how both internal and external integration influence performance outcomes. In addition, few studies, if any, have looked to the antecedents of organizational structure as a driver for such forms of integration. To help filling this gap, we draw on organizational structure and resource-based view theoretical perspectives to present a conceptual model that proposes a relationship between organizational structure and integration. The model also considers major antecedents of organizational structure and the manufacturing performance consequences of integration. As a result, we introduce a series of propositions to be subject to empirical scrutiny as well as serve as a reference for future conceptual and empirical models.

This work presents the results of a study completed in the Hotel Industry, in the city of Natal, Brazil. Natal receives more than 2 million visitors per year and is also one of the cities with the largest numbers of tourist vacancies in the country, approximately 23,000. The objective of this work is to analyze the level of guest satisfaction from the gaps existing between the expectations and the perception of service received at hotels. Through questionnaires, 1440 guests from 6 hotels of the hotel network, falling into tourist categories, superior and luxury. The sample plan established two collection phases; the first in which guests were interviewed before checking into the hotel and secondly at check out. The study revealed that the majority of respondents traveled by airplane and came with tourism as their objective. The results suggest that there was a slight difference in the ranking of attributes, whether by category, or by hotel. The Spearman test confirmed that the expectations of the guests did not change significantly when the category of the hotel was changed. In the general evaluation by guests, from the gaps calculated, in thirteen of the attributes the performance of the hotels surpassed customer expectations.

The highly competitive environment, linked to the globalization phenomena, demands from companies more agility, better performance and the constant search for cost reduction. The present study focused on improvements in internal materials handling management, approaching the case of a large company in the automotive industry. Materials handling is intrinsically associated with production flow. Because of this, it has direct influence on transit time, resources usage, and service levels. The objective was to evaluate, in a systematic way, the impact of implemented changes in materials handling management on the internal customers' perceptions of cost, safety in service, service reliability, agility and overall satisfaction. A literature review preceded a case study in the company's manufacturing unit and the questionnaires were completed by 26 employees directly involved in the process. Analyzing the answers, it was possible to suggest that internal customers understood that the new materials handling management system enlarged service agility and reliability and reduced costs, which caused an improvement in overall satisfaction.

To explore how companies develop capabilities for managing offshore operations, this study examines the offshore operations of three companies in Brazil, Denmark, and Germany. The research results provide valuable information on the types of offshore operations implemented by the companies, the strategic role of offshore operations, barriers to implementing offshore operations, capabilities developed by companies for implementing offshore operations, and the role of dynamic capabilities elements (paths, positions, and processes) in the development of capabilities for managing offshore operations.