Repositório RCAAP

Resumo:A Colômbia é um espaço constante de disputa territorial em que um modelo econômico neoliberal é imposto por quem está no poder há décadas, importou muitas políticas externas para um país multicultural e exportou muitas riquezas em um país megadiverso, nos últimos anos. O processo da paz contribuiu para poder vislumbrar os problemas político-econômicos do país, somado a isso o contexto de dois anos de pandemia trouxe à tona os problemas de desigualdade, precarização do trabalho, saúde, educação; os movimentos socioterritoriais fizeram muitas ações em matéria de direitos, hoje essas ações são mais intensas em todos os níveis territoriais. Como citar esta memória fotográfica:PACHON, Luis Fabian Camelo. “En tiempos de pandemia” acciones por la vida y por la paz en territorios colombianos. Revista NERA v. 24, n. 61, p. 219-227, Dossiê I ELAMSS, 2021.

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Resumo:O segundo número deste dossiê contém o conjunto de textos resultantes tanto trabalhos apresentados durante I Encontro Latino-americano de Movimentos Socioespaciais e Movimentos Socioterritoriais (I ELAMSS) como dos trabalhos que posteriormente atenderam a chamada para dar continuidade ao debate em torno da leitura geográfica dos movimentos sociais. Além de conter alguns dos trabalhos apresentados no evento e os aprovados no processo seletivo do edital da Revista NERA, incluímos memórias fotográficas que abordam, desde outra linguagem, os processos de luta e resistência de movimentos socioterritoriais e socioespaciais em alguns países da América Latina e Caribe. Assim como a primeira parte do dossiê, esta publicação possibilita ao leitor conhecer temas centrais que emergiram dos debates que foram desenvolvidos no I ELAMSS e os trabalhos de pesquisadoras e pesquisadores que desde o Brasil e outros países latino-americanos e do Caribe, ressaltam uma leitura riquíssima, das formas territoriais que os processos de luta e resistência tomam num contexto de profunda repressão. Neste contexto se destacam a luta pela terra, a produção agroecológica e a luta da comunidade LGBTIQIAP+, abordados pelas autoras e autores desde a teoria geográfica. Como citar este artigo:PERTUZ, Marcia Arteaga; DE BRITO WANDERLEY, Lucas.  Movimentos Socioespaciais e Movimentos Socioterritoriais da América Latina: Editorial Dossiê I Encontro Latino-americano de Movimentos Socioespaciais e Movimentos Socioterritoriais. Revista NERA, v. 24, n. 61, p. 08-14, Dossiê I ELAMSS, 2021.

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Resumo:O artigo aborda a construção de resistências territoriais camponesas no Brasil, assim como as suas potencialidades. As resistências territoriais camponesas são ações pautadas nos territórios, nas temporalidades e territorialidades camponesas. São ações, lutas, agendas, práticas, movimentos, técnicas e tecnologias socioterritoriais que visam garantir maior autonomia ao campesinato na produção de alimentos, desvinculando-o parcial ou totalmente das amarras do capital. Entender as dimensões, as escalas e as caraterísticas das resistências territoriais camponesas no Brasil, sobretudo aquelas gestadas no âmbito dos movimentos socioterritoriais, em um contexto agrário que cada vez mais expropria, marginaliza e subordina o campesinato, é a contribuição deste trabalho para a geográfica agrária e áreas afins.Como citar este artigo:ORIGUÉLA, Camila Ferracini; PEREIRA, Lorena Izá. Resistências territoriais camponesas no Brasil. Revista NERA, v. 25, n. 62, p. 08-21, jan.-abr., 2022.

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Bamboos are agents of natural remediation, but its outbreak in an already established landscape mayhave an intense repercussion, completely changing the flora of the area. A study to determine the effects of the presence of Guadua aff. paraguayana Döll  (Poaceae) found in the last remnants of the riparian forest in the areas of permanent preservation of the Wildlife Refuge of Rio Tibagi - a conservation unit in process of stablishment on the Parana’s second plateau, has been developed. This aggressive and opportunistic woody species develops vigorous tussocks in consequence of its pachymorph rhizome system a form of “short neck”; and gets established only on the higher portions of the degraded flood plain. The tussocks have an average size of 2.79 meters, with 11 stems/ m². The shooting season lasts, on average, four months and occurs between spring and summer. The culms have an average length of 13 m, with an increment of 18 cm/day during the stretch period. The average diameter at breast height is 4.25 cm. The tussocks are formed from only one stem that expands from extremely robust sprouts. When it shoots up over the canopy and receives direct sunlight, it forms a kind of braided branches and leaves capable of hardly increase the shade levels and suppress the established vegetation, changing the local succession patterns.doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.58.05

The present paper has as objective the evaluation of the nutritional aspects, fertilization effect and omission of nutrients in the plants grow of canela sassafras (Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer), in a vegetation house for 24 months, consisting of 11 treatments and five repetitions, with seasonal collections, using the springer material. The treatments consisted of control (natural soil), complete fertilization (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn and B), fertilization with individual nutrients omission (-N, -P, -K, -Ca, -Mg, -S, -B, -Zn) and organic fertilization (bovine manure). Natural fertility soil and plants of canela sassafras originally from natural  regeneration dispossess in causality statistical  delineation were utilized. The height, diameter length and biomass were evaluated. To the development in height of the canela sassafras, the more limited  nutrient were sulphur and to the diameter  length was the fertilization with macro and micronutrients, but there was no significant difference between the treatments. The roots dry mass reduced when used macro and  micronutrients fertilization, and the dry mass of the  aerial part with the omission of N and P. The organic fertilization demonstrated to be efficient, so much for the increment in height, as for the production of foliar mass. doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.58.17

The aim of this work was to determine the chemical composition of Ocotea porosa fruit (rind and seed) (centesimal composition, macronutrients, micronutrients lipids, fatty acid distribution, and α-tocopherol) from matrixes collected in Colombo, PR. The rind and seed components were carbohydrates (54.4 %),proteins(38.5 %) and lipids (5.6 %), and carbohydrates (33.4%), lipids (19.9 %) and proteins (2.9 %), respectively. The fatty acid composition from Imbuia seed oil showed a percentual of 89.9 % of saturated fatty acids, lauric (11.49 %), capric (2.46 %) and myristic (1.54 %) acids were the major components. α-tocopherol was found in both compartment in concentration equal of 180.0 mg.kg-1 (seeds) and 120 mg.kg-1 (rind). Thus, the seeds of Ocotea porosa constitute a significant protein and lipids sources and the high concentration of lauric acid showed a potential use in cosmetic industry. doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.58.29

In vegetative propagation by means of root cuttings, the nutritional status determines the amount of carbohydrates, endogenous auxin levels, among other metabolites, fundamental for the root initiation and to the speed that rhizogenic events progress. An especial  attention should be given to the nutritional status of the donor-plants, in order to better assist the nutritional demands by the adventitious rooting process. Although mineral nutrition and adventitious rooting are intimately related, the subject is rather difficult to study, sincethe later involves multiple steps and few studies have aimed to elucidate the relationship between the mineral nutrition and rooting phases. In this review, the phases of the rhizogenesis are highlighted and the role minerals and nutritional requirements are discussed. It is noticed a lack of information regarding several processes involved on adventitious rooting. doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.58.35

The Eucalyptus is the genus that has the highest number of researchs in micropropagation. However, there are few effective results obtained with their continuous proliferation. Micropropagation includes  disinfection and culture of explants in nutrient medium and aseptic conditions, multiplication in successive subcultures and in vitro or ex vitro rooting. As advantages, the micropropagation allows: high yield per donor plant, freevirus plants, production of saplings at any time of the year, intensive production of healthy saplings in a short period of time and in a limited space, cloning of plants difficult-to-propagate by conventional methods, such as cutting and minicutting, and donor plant preservation without risk of infection. Its disadvantages include the dependence on a tissue culture laboratory, which results in high maintenance costs, as well as the requirement of highly trained workers, high possibility of contamination, variation of conditions within and among clones, the difficulty of finding appropriate culture medium for the species desired and possibility of mutation as a result of the use of growth regulators. Despite having high cost when compared to other cloning methods, the species and hybrids of eucalypt  micropropagation is strategic to maintain superior plant material in vitro or to supply the micro-clonal hedge. doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.58.49

This research had as main objectives the evaluation of cedar’s seeds seed-borne fungi and the Fusariumsp. and Pestalotia sp. pathogenicities. For the fungi detection Potato Dextrose and Agar medium and Blottertest methods were used. For the pathogenicity tests, isolates of Fusarium sp. and Pestalotia sp. were used. The following fungi were observed: Pestalotia sp., Fusarium sp., Phomopsis sp., Colletotrichum sp., Macrophomina sp. and Cladosporium sp. The fungi observed in the highest frequencies were: Fusarium sp., Phomopsis sp. and Pestalotia sp. A reduction of the germination level was observed in seedlings from cedar’s seed inoculated with Fusarium sp. doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.58.81

The objectives of this study were to identify the fungi associated with capororoca (Myrsine ferruginea Spreng) fruits and seeds from different lots and check the incidence of fungi between green and ripe fruits andseeds from these fruits. For fungi detection Blotter test (BT) method was utilized, being 400 fruits and 400 seeds each sample, and incubated at 20 ºC ±1 ºC, 12 h dark light/12 h complete dark, for seven days, followed by the evaluation of the fungi incidence (%). It was possible to verify the transmission of the fungus Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Macrophomina sp. and Pestalotia sp. fruit for seeds. Evaluated in three lots, Pestalotia sp. had the highest percentage of incidence in the seeds. The fungal contamination in fruits were higher than in seeds, indicating that the seed treatment reduces the appearance of fungi. There were differences in the occurrence of fungi among the lots evaluated, and the lot from Colombo County had higher incidence of fungi.doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.58.87

This study was carried out aiming to fit a volumetric model and a growth function, as well to comparethe growth of teak (Tectona grandis) in a stand located at Iracema (RR) with the growth of teak stands located at different areas in Brazil and Central America. To fit volumetric models 122 sample-trees were used and to fit a growth function to estimate DBH, medium and dominant height, and total volume without bark 18 sampletrees were used. The Chapman-Richards function was used and the data were obtained by stem analysis. The Schumacher-Hall model was selected to estimate total volume with bark of Tectona grandis trees. Chapman-Richards is a suitable function for determination of the growth curves for DBH, medium height, dominant height and total volume without bark. Comparison among dominant height growth curves on different sites indicated that the stand located in Roraima did not present good performance probably due to low soil fertility levels.

The objective of this research was to model the micronutrient content for Mimosa scabrella Benthamabove-ground biomass, aiming to obtain equations to estimate micronutrient content using tree dimensions asindependent variables. Data came from 25 trees sampled in native Mimosa scabrella stands in the northernCuritiba metropolitan region, Parana state, Brazil. The trees were cut down and their components were separatedin: leaves, branches < 4 cm, branches ≥ 4 cm, stem wood and stem bark. From a sample of each component itwas obtained dry matter and micronutrients contents. After fitting and testing several mathematical models, itwas verified that the micronutrient content equations did not present acceptable performance, except for copperin all tree components and iron in tree bole components and above-ground biomass. In some cases, using boleand crown dimensions, age and dominant height as independent variables improved the micronutrient contentequations. Better results could be found if the sampled population presented homogeneous characteristics, likeunique site or age class.