Repositório RCAAP

This study aimed to review the Brazilian epidemiology of female breast cancer mortality in the period between 2009 and 2019, presenting the main characteristics of the disease profile in the country and analyzing the influence of socioeconomic and demographic variables on fatal records. This is an ecological and descriptive study, guided by data obtained through the electronic platform of the Mortality Information System (SIM). The number of deaths was progressive over the range evaluated and the average of deaths in these years was equal to 15,095, with a percentage of 98.85% in female mortality, while in men, the figure was found. was only 1.15%. As for the distribution of female deaths among Brazilian macro-regions, the Southeast represented 51.01% of the 164,153 verified throughout the country. The population that accounted for most of the deaths was composed of women aged between 50 and 59 years, white (59.66%) and with 8 to 11 years of schooling (20.74%). Breast cancer still accounts for the largest cause of death from malignant neoplasms in women. Aspects such as race, education and the composition of Brazilian macro-regions annually impact the increase in the rate of deaths from breast cancer, especially due to the influence of the socioeconomic context, restricting access to health services and qualified medical care, a fact that indicates that social vulnerability is an important obstacle to the achievement of effective health promotion in the country and the control of mortality from malignant breast cancer.

The concern with sustainability applies to water distribution networks, being responsible for transporting an increasingly valuable asset that is drinking water. These systems have on average high losses for various reasons. The focus here is the issue of over-pressure in the network caused by inefficient operation. Thus, investing in system improvements becomes essential. Thus, this work aims at proposing a procedure for operational strategies to control pressures to reduce water losses and parallel financial analysis. The methodology is based on hydraulic simulations of real area system with rugged topography establishing analysis scenarios and making economic analyzes. The study was done for an actual distribution network. The results showed that there were improvements in the control of pressures and consequent reduction of water losses in the scenarios with attribution of valves to sections, proposition of pumps, variation of levels of reservoirs among other propositions. It was concluded that the proposed procedure, although based on computational simulations can be considered important, since the experiment was done for a real system that represents an expressive set of systems found in operation.

The objective of the research was to identify the current situation of the use and function of parks during the COVID-19 pandemic period through the use of a behavioral map centered on places, in two urban parks in Garanhuns – PE. Knowing that the behavioral map is important for understanding the relationship between the environment and the behavior of free areas, as they provide a picture of the different types of behavior and their frequencies, observations were carried out in the morning and afternoon, in order to compare the use of space in these two periods. From the pre-established route, observation points were created, which resulted in behavioral maps of the activities that were taking place in the environment and the type of user found at the time of observation. From the analysis carried out in the parks under study, it was possible to identify 06 categories of users, which are related to the age group and activity performed at the site, it was noticed that the parks have different functions, public and activities, due to the equipment present. inside, it was also detected that there is a lack of care with one of the parks, since the lack of maintenance in some equipment was identified.

According to the World Health Organization, population aging is one of the greatest challenges facing society. The discovery of antimicrobials (ATM) positively transformed clinical practice, however, the WHO highlights the growing emergence of resistant pathogens to these. The present study sought to analyze the use of ATMs in elderly patients hospitalized in a military hospital in Belém-PA, as well as the identification of possible problems related to these. Twelve patients were included in the study, who had a mean hospital stay of 36.6 days and 11 different antimicrobials prescribed. Of these, 89.7% prescriptions had adequate indication, dose in 84.5% and duration of treatment in 55.2%. After analyzing the tracers, it was identified that 3 patients had adverse drug reactions (ADR). The presence of patients with inadequate prescription of TMJ, regarding the indication, dose and duration of treatment, may be related to the absence of adequate therapeutic protocols for their use and administration. Thus, intensive monitoring of TMJ use in the elderly population in a hospital environment is extremely important, seeking to avoid the emergence of ADRs, which are often responsible for the worsening of the clinical condition of these patients and unnecessary expenses. Finally, it is important to highlight those further studies with a larger number of individuals are needed, to prove or not, the inappropriate use of these drugs in this population.

Social networks and applications on the market have been offering greater proximity and ease of communication between people. In 2013, a tool for love relationships emerged in Brazil which managed to connect people from all over the world, becoming very popular, especially among young people. These virtual relationships have very unique characteristics, which arouse emotional and social issues both for those who live in the relationship and for the observers. To debate the subject, the objective of this research was to understand what leads young people from Manaus to have romantic relationships through the dating app Tinder. This investigation had a quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and field approach. As a research instrument, a questionnaire with open and closed questions was used, applied through Google Forms to 30 young people aged 18 to 24 years. As a result, it was found that young people have a tendency to use this tool, as it allows for easier communication, and also allows meeting people with common tastes. Furthermore, it was identified that the majority of Tinder users are individuals who describe themselves as extroverts, and who cannot maintain lasting relationships outside the virtual context, due to insecurity and the idea of ​​a perfect relationship. The results show that conversations between Tinder users usually last a few months, being limited only to virtual relationships.

This study aims to analyze the profile of adverse events (AEs) of drugs for the treatment of Toxoplasmosis. This is a review carried out through a bibliographic search in the electronic databases PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane Digital Library and LILACS. The keywords “Toxoplasmosis” AND “Drug Therapy” AND “Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions” were used. The selection was performed by two independent reviewers and the articles were included considering the presence of retrospective studies and case reports published in the literature in Portuguese and English and without time restrictions. In total, 40 articles were found, of which 14 met the inclusion criteria. Cases of cerebral, ocular, gestational and congenital Toxoplasmosis were identified. Among these, we observed a total of 85 patients with reports of AEs due to the use of Pyrimethamine, Sulfadiazine, Spiramycin, Clindamycin, Atovaquone, Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfadoxine. Clinical reactions were in the form of skin rash (57.1%), hematological alterations (28.5%), Lyell syndromes (7.1%), Stevens-Johnson (21.4%) and DRESS (21 .4%). The prevalence of AEs related to hematological alterations was seen mainly in treatments based on Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine, Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole; on the other hand, those associated with severe syndromes are often related to the use of Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine. It is important to establish a standard protocol for drug therapy for Toxoplasmosis, which does not yet exist. In addition, the need to monitor patients after drug administration is highlighted, given the possibility of the occurrence of adverse events that can represent a threat to life.

This article aimed to verify the inclusion process of a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Tocantins. Initially, a brief context on inclusive education was elaborated, as this idea arose from the need to know what is being done in the area of special education in a higher education institution in Tocantins. Subsequently, a survey with a qualitative focus was carried out with the students and employees of the IES who work directly with these students, and from the data that were collected, it was possible to measure the quality of services offered by the IES, which currently has 42 academics with special educational needs. It is noteworthy that the HEI used in the research is one of the largest institutions in the state, with approximately 6 thousand students. Finally, improvements were suggested for adaptations and possible potential to be achieved by special academics and all those involved in the teaching-learning process at the IES. The HEI used in this report provides the necessary subsidies to make the inclusion process viable.

Neonatal sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory syndrome resulting from infection with or without bacteremia that can occur through positive culture in the first 28 days of life. The involvement of neonatal sepsis is responsible for five million deaths of newborns in underdeveloped or developing countries. Thus, the objective of the study is to discuss the contribution of nursing care to reduce the rate of neonatal sepsis. It is known that nursing has a very important role in monitoring children in the NICU, a practice based on theoretical-methodological knowledge in addition to the Systematization of Nursing Care-SAE, which is a methodology that provides security to nursing practice. The study sought to present a literature review on nursing care in assisting children in the ICU with neonatal sepsis, reinforcing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment intervention. The research presents the clinical concept of neonatal sepsis, its clinical characteristics and nursing care for the care of newborns with this infection. This is a bibliographic research of descriptive character with a qualitative approach using scientific articles published in the databases, Lilacs, Scielo, Medline, among other journals and the legal regulations of the Ministry of Health that address the subject. The study highlights the importance of preventive care in newborn care, adopting preventive measures and recognizing early signs to treat neonatal sepsis, thus reversing the consequences of the infection.

Acne vulgaris is a pathology that affects most teenagers, being of both sexes, it is more prevalent in males because of the change in hormones that occur at this stage. For this reason, many adolescents face serious psychological problems that generate low self-esteem, which can lead to depression and isolation from society. This study aims to assess the understanding that adolescents have about the necessary care to treat acne. A quantitative/qualitative exploratory research was carried out with adolescents and young people aged between 14 and 20 years old, attending a church in the city of São Luís – MA. The study sample comprised 13 participants who were initially instructed to answer the pre-intervention questionnaire available in the Socrative by MasteryConnect program, and the link to access the questionnaire was made available on the Google Meet platform, this questionnaire included 7 questions related to the main doubts related to the topic of acne. After everyone answered the form, the presentation of the lecture began, addressing the main information on the topic, as well as the main doubts of the studied public. At the end of the lecture, the study audience was again directed to through a link, so that they could answer the post-intervention questionnaire with the same questions. It is concluded with this work that adolescents need guidance about acne in their daily lives and the approach to this subject must be incisive in their daily lives.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone and chitosan biopolymers are biomaterials used in wound treatment, due to their biological, physicochemical, and other properties, in addition to their processability. Controlling the viscosity of polymers is of fundamental importance for processing and consequently for the properties of membranes, such as adhesiveness, crucial for medical applications in wounds. In this sense, the research proposal was to simulate and evaluate the viscosity of polymeric mixtures of medium molar mass (QM) chitosan and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in different concentrations and proportions for the synthesis of adhesive membranes. To this end, the viscosity of pure polymers was evaluated in the literature, a linear model for the viscosity of the mixtures was simulated and, subsequently, the response surface methodology (MSR) was applied using the central composite model, for three QM/PVP ratios at different concentrations of the solutions. The viscosity of QM and PVP polymers present an exponential growth trend line, based on literature data, having a satisfactory regression coefficient, and the linear simulation model for viscosity of the mixtures, proved to be satisfactory, considering a variation of 5%. The surface response and contour graphs make evident the effect of solution concentration and polymer mix ratio, and in which mixing situations it is possible to achieve higher and lower viscosity levels. The information obtained in the research is extremely useful, aiding in the development of polymeric mixtures, in order to seek the best conditions, reduce the time of experiments focusing on points of interest.

The flora of the Cerrado biome is made up of several fruit trees, which have a very impor-tant biotechnological potential. The application of these in the development of new products contributes to the appreciation of regional species. Among the characteristic plants of the region, the baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.), Of which the almond is widely used, stands out; ho-wever, the fiber-rich pulp is commonly discarded. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to develop noodles with substitutions of 10 and 20% of the wheat flour for the pulp flour of baru. Physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial analyzes were performed. The results showed that pasta with baru pulp flour can be classified as foods with high dietary fiber content and also had a lower carbohydrate content than the control sample (100% wheat flour). Sensory tests resulted in mean scores of 5 to 6 on a 9-point scale for noodles. Therefore, the presented results allow the expansion of the application of the pulp of baru in the food industry.

Tuberculosis still persists as a public health problem in Brazil and requires a complex approach from the nurse for the proper management of this disease. In this sense, the teaching of diagnostic reasoning during the nursing consultation must be carried out through effective methodologies, among which the realistic simulation. Objective: validate a realistic simulation scenario for teaching diagnostic reasoning in nursing consultations to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Method: this was a methodological development study, carried out from January to July 2021. The scenario was designed taking into account the items: simulation design, determination of results and objectives, facilitation, briefing, debriefing and participant evaluation, simulation and simulation-based experience. The validation step took place through the application of the Content Validation Index (IVC). A significance level of 5% was adopted for the binomial test and 0.80 as an acceptable proportion of agreement index for validation. Results: according to the I-CVI and applied binomial test, it was observed that all items were approved, with a minimum value of 0.88 of agreement proportion among the judges and with an average of 97% of approval among the experts. Conclusion: The realistic simulation scenario designed and validated for teaching diagnostic reasoning in nursing consultations to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is characterized as an important methodological teaching tool in the education of nursing students and training of nurses with regard to care for patients with tuberculosis.

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a crop of great economic, social and cultural importance, a source of work and income for family farmers. Pará is the largest producer of cassava, however, for the productive potential of the species, production in the state is low, which may be associated with low technological levels, less integration and actions of institutions and technical assistance offered to small farmers. Knowledge about the particularities, difficulties experienced by producers in municipalities that have the production of culture as an economic base, is seen as an essential point for achieving regional rural development. The objective was to develop the characterization of the potentials and limitations of the cassava production system in the city of São Francisco do Pará, a microregion in the northeast of Pará, through field research with an exploratory perspective and a quanti-quantitative approach, using the technique “snowball sampling” and use of questionnaires. It was found that the production of cassava is the main source of income and subsistence, with a predominance of low technological level, such as felling and burning. A lack of technical assistance from government agencies was identified. The main problems during the production process were the infrastructure of the “flour houses” and the transport factor during the commercial stage of the flour. There is a demand for greater public action, offering public policies, technical assistance, articulations that enable the entry of producers into markets, and thus the achievement of better financial results, moving towards greater local and regional development.

Worldwide, colorectal cancer is considered the most fatal and the second leading cause of cancer death. Factors such as population aging and lifestyle habits are related to the prevalence of this cancer. This review article aims to expose, through the analysis of scientific articles, the importance of early diagnosis in patients with risk factors for colorectal cancer. This is a systematic qualitative bibliographic review carried out between the years 2018 to 2021 in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Epidemiological data reinforce the importance of cancer screening, mainly due to the increase in RCC cases in the last 30 years. This reality is attributed to environmental factors, mainly related to lifestyle (sedentary lifestyle, malnutrition, obesity, smoking) and population aging. Therefore, screening is based on risk factors. Screening should start at age 45, as early detection of CCR can significantly reduce mortality rates. Colorectal cancer is considered one of the most prevalent neoplasms in the world. Previously it was more common in patients over the age of 50 years, but this reality has changed due to the lifestyle of the population. Unfortunately, there is no screening for this type of cancer that is offered by the Unified Health System (SUS) and, therefore, early diagnosis does not occur as often as expected. . It is necessary to develop forms of screening for this cancer, as well as those carried out in breast and prostate cancer, since colorectal cancer is aggressive and has high mortality rates.

COVID-19 has become a high-risk issue of global concern. The glycoprotein (S) peak in the virion envelope is proteolytically cleaved into the S1 and S2 subunits, and receptor recognition is mediated by receptor binding domain (RBD) and membrane fusion. This is a literature review of a qualitative nature based on scientific production from studies published between 2019 and 2021 that addressed the main objective of this study to correlate DPP4 in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Coronavirus tropism mainly depends on the ability of the glycoprotein (S) entry peak to bind to cell surface receptors. It is currently reported that SARS-CoV-2 can use angiotensin-2 converting enzyme (ACE2), the same receptor as SARS-CoV, to infect humans. However, recent evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 binds to DPP4/CD26 after entering airway cells. It appears that the interaction between the peak glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 and human DPP4/CD26 (also known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a key factor in sequestration and virulence. In the absence of results from well-designed randomized clinical trials, the efficacy or safety data of DPP4 inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19 must be interpreted with caution and no clear conclusions can be drawn.The results of these studies may help reveal the impact of using drugs that inhibit DPP4 and whether they can be effective in the treatment of COVID-19 infection.

The COVID-19 pandemic brought changes in daily life, isolation and social distancing increased the search for information in the media and social networks. Fake news generated confusion and insecurity. Health professionals and students play an important role in clarifying the population's doubts. To assess the knowledge of students from the Nursing Course at the Federal University of Maranhão in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic, an electronic questionnaire covering facts and fake news was applied. We found that 90.8% stated that fake news may have contributed to increase the transmission of the SARS-COV2 virus. Television newspapers, news sites and scientific articles were the media used, with 81.8%, 72.7% and 68.2%, respectively, and 40% using social media. Students considered fake news: 86.4% the hypothesis that the virus might have been created in the laboratory, 100% that the virus might be the result of the electromagnetic influence of the data network, 95.5% that the use of infrared thermometers causes brain damage,100 % that drugs such as Chloroquine, Ivermectin and Azithromycin can be used for both prevention and treatment and 100% that those who have already had COVID-19 do not need to be vaccinated. As an intervention, an online lecture was held, identifying the harmful points and susceptible to false disclosures, followed by a post-intervention questionnaire. We found that 100% of students responded that they were able to differentiate fake news from true information, highlighting the importance of reliable sources and the transmission of true guidance to the population.

Acupuncture is an integrative practice with a dynamic and integral approach to the health-disease process. It is a method that can be used separately or associated with other therapeutic possibilities. Because of this, there was an interest in knowing the main uses of acupuncture in Primary Health Care in Brazil through an integrative review of the literature in order to identify how acupuncture has been addressed in the most recent published scientific works. This research is characterized as an integrative review of the literature, in which articles published in the period from 2015 to 2020 were analyzed, selected taking into account the relevance and timeliness of their information. Based on the theme “The use of acupuncture in primary care in Brazil”, the literature published in Portuguese was sought as a priority for the study, due to the updated content present in articles on this theme. Acupuncture has often been shown to be superior or equivalent to drug treatment, with the advantage of having irrelevant side effects compared to its effectiveness, in addition to being able to be administered at low cost to any patient. This theme still needs more careful investigation and the dedication of more researchers in the study of acupuncture as an alternative for the SUS user. However, it must be noted that there is already strong evidence that this is a practical, effective method with great power to become another alternative for those who do not have access to the private health network.

It is estimated that food allergies affect a portion of the population and have shown an increasing prevalence in recent years. Thus, the work aimed to develop a gluten-free and egg-free bisnaguinha-type bread, made with yams and a mix of flours, as a proposal for school feeding for children with food allergies. All the ingredients used for the development of this work (yam, brown rice flour, almond flour, sweet powder, potato starch, golden flaxseed flour, sugar, coconut oil, gluten-free dry biological yeast, xanthan gum, apple cider vinegar, salt and water) were acquired in the retail trade at random in the city of Barra do Piraí – RJ. The preparations were developed on a domestic scale. A mix of gluten-free flours was prepared to ensure the best result from the bisnaguinha. The preparation of nutrition labeling was based on current legislation. Through visual observation, it was possible to analyze the overall appearance of the bisnaguinhas, where they presented a soft and golden texture, typical for this type of product. It appears that a portion of 50g of bisnaguinha had 16g of carbohydrates, 3g of protein, 3g of dietary fiber, 94 mg of sodium and an energy value of 126 kcal. Regarding economic viability, it is observed that 17 bisnaguinhas cost R$9.18. Concluded that the prospect for the development of gluten-free and egg-free bisnaguinhas, made with yam and a mix of flours, is promising and reached the objectives proposed in this work. For future work it is suggested to carry out microbiological and sensory analysis.

Objective: To analyze critically and comparatively, through indicators, the clinical and care profile of patients admitted to the General Intensive Care Units and COVID of a University Hospital in Sergipe. Methods: Epidemiological, observational and longitudinal study, developed in the year 2020. Clinical and care data were collected daily, during the established hospitalization period, from which the quality indicators were composed. A statistical analysis was performed using Student's t and Chi-square tests, considering a level of significance, p <0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 145 patients. The main cause of hospitalization in the ICU Covid was diseases of the respiratory system, 64.2%, and in the General ICU surgical conditions, 42.0%. Death rate, NIV use rate, IMV use rate and extubation failure rate showed statistically significant difference with p <0.05 when compared between groups, all of which are higher in the ICU Covid. Conclusion: Patients admitted to the Covid unit had worse outcomes in part of the ventilatory indicators as well as mortality when compared with the General ICU group. More studies are needed with themes related to indicators, quality assessment, planning and control of services in the field of Physiotherapy.

Pharmacovigilance is one of the responsibilities of the clinical pharmacist and the implementation of the trigger identification method is a way to avoid risks to the patient's health and some unnecessary costs to the system. In this sense, this study aims to analyze the efficiency of pharmacovigilance through the "trigger tool" method implemented in a private hospital in the city of Cascavel, Paraná - Brazil, and the main adverse drug reactions that occurred. The methodology adopted was to carry out a retrospective cross-sectional study, with data collection through manual reports and also generated by the Tazy program. At the end of the study, 39 ADR were identified, in which the population studied was classified as adults with a mean age of 50.7 years, with a predominance of females. The main trigger identified was Metronidazole (16), followed by Promethazine (13) and Hydrocortisone (10). It was concluded that the use of trackers proved to be useful for investigation, notification and registration in patients' medical records, making it accessible for consultations and possible subsequent hospitalizations, although it does not allow the identification of the cause of ADR due to the high complexity of the pharmacotherapy of the studied patients.