Repositório RCAAP

This article shows from research based on studies and analysis of various articles and urban spaces in order to understand how anthropology studies the human being in different areas while architecture also analyzes it and uses anthropological studies to design urban space and the home of each citizen, together with several analyzes of shape and colors capable of stimulating the needs and actions of the users. Thus, the work aims to clarify the need for anthropological studies in urban and housing projects. Concluding, then, that with a deeper investigation of the two disciplines, the importance of one to the other becomes noticeable and how a discipline could be created in which the debate of both unites so that the urban space becomes increasingly welcoming and useful, decreasing social problems, in addition to being more comfortable and sustainable for individuals and the environment.

This article presents an ecological study of the maternal profile and monitoring of teenage pregnancy, through preliminary data from the year 2021 in Paraná State and the role of the nursing professional in this situation. The research aims to evaluate the social, economic and family parameters in the pregnancy of adolescents up to 19 years of age, verifying the possible relationship with prematurity, low birth weight and other maternal-fetal health parameters. Of the pregnancies that occurred in Paraná until the month of August 2021, 11.23% occurred in single adolescents aged 10 to 19 years old, with a predominance between 15 and 19 years old. This fact becomes importante or public health and society, as a pregnancy at this age increases school dropout, greater chances of maternal-fetal complications, and can cause family conflicts. In this sense, the nurse has the role of prevention and direct guidance to adolescents in a manner appropriate to their age and ability to understand, welcoming the pregnant adolescent, and promoting the health of the mother and newborn after birth.

To identify, through an experience report, the health demands of the homeless population, and report how care is provided by this population, who often do not resort to the SUS out of shame, or fear of being victims of prejudice, highlighting the importance of volunteering in this pandemic period. This is an experience report in a descriptive way, about Collective volunteering Unified by the Homeless Population, the services are carried out at the Former Liceu de Artes e Ofícios, provided by the Catholic University of Pernambuco (UNICAP) in Recife-PE. At the beginning of the pandemic, the intention was to serve as a cleaning point, the space grew in demand and possibilities, there were almost thirty thousand assistances and more than 1500 people registered. There is resistance on the part of the PSRs to go to the UPAs, as there is not always a good reception, and there are also socioeconomic difficulties for moving. Volunteering with the homeless population during the pandemic is an awakening of solidarity and empathy, it is possible to see beauty in the streets amidst the chaos and misery.

In recent decades, the growth of Portland cement production has intensified, given the growth of civil construction. However, the activities of the cement industries are extremely polluting and contribute a large share of CO2 emissions. Having adopted the global focus of increasing additions in Portland cements with a view to developing a more sustainable product, the objective of this work was to identify the potential for replacing part of the clinker in CPI and CPV ARI RS cements. Two types of limestone with a high content of calcium carbonate were used, one with a coarser grain size and the other with a finer grain size, producing different mortars in the laboratory. The influence of additions on chemical characteristics was verified through standardized tests (sulfur trioxide, insoluble residue, loss on fire, magnesium oxide) and physical tests on residue in the 75 micron sieve, hot expandability, paste consistency, onset and end of catch. The results obtained allowed us to verify that, with regard to the chemical aspect, there was a significant and expected increase in the loss to fire for the group of samples containing limestone filler. As for the physical aspects, it was found that there is a strong relationship between the higher compressive strengths and the physical effects provided by the presence of ultrafine particles. The additions resulted in cements with high compressive strengths for all ages, considering a 50% reduction in clinker in the composition of CPI and CPV ARI RS cements.

Most undergraduate courses in Production Engineering have modern pedagogical projects following the national engineering curriculum guidelines. However, the creation of strategies aimed at the universe of Micro and Small Business Management (MSBM) has attributes that are not always clear in the courses. This article's central element is to identify which strands exist in the literature regarding the teaching-learning of the MSBM in undergraduate courses in Production Engineering. The systematic literature review resulted in 20 articles published between 2016-2021, obtained from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)’s database. The literature review addressed the topic through the dimensions of specificities of MSBM, curriculum structure for training in the Production Engineering course, and teaching-learning of entrepreneurship. The literature review also highlights the scarcity of publications that deal with the strategies aimed at micro and small enterprises in the Pedagogical Projects of Production Engineering Courses. The proposed study can contribute to the understanding of MSBM by such courses and generate revelations that guide future research.

Despite growing global efforts to control tobacco use, it remains a common addiction. Passive smoking is the inhalation of smoke from tobacco derivatives by non-smokers, breathing in the same toxic substances that the smoker inhales. The objective of this systematic review was to identify the possible effects of passive smoking on the health of children and adolescents. The PICO tool was used to prepare the research question. The protocol of this study was submitted to PROSPERO and the PRISMA guidelines were followed. The following databases were used: LILACS, MEDLINE and EMBASE. As a result, 493 articles were identified from the last 5 years, 8 articles were removed for being duplicates, 439 articles were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria, 8 articles were excluded for poor methodological quality and 38 were included in the study.  It was concluded, as evidence, that passive smoking has negative effects on the health of children and adolescents and was associated with respiratory, infectious, psychoneurocognitive, metabolic, cardiovascular, otorhinolaryngological, allergic disorders and increased mortality.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood, and as far as we know, there are no biometric studies that have evaluated CP and oral health (OH) on a global level. The aim of this study was to present the worldwide research trends in studies of OH in persons with CP, using bibliometric analysis. Through bibliographic information on publications about OH and CP was obtained in the PubMed database, from 1956 to 2021. The extracted data included periodical, title, year of publication, authors, citations, impact factor, key words, country, most cited publications, and study design. A total of 567 articles were published and indexed in PubMed up until 6/28/2021. The data showed a constant growth and an exponential increase in the number of publications. The articles were written in 17 different languages, and 232 (90.63%) articles were in English.  Among the 111 Periodicals, Special Care in Dentistry contributed the most to scientific research with 30 articles (17.3%).  Brazil (25%) and the United States (17.24%) were the countries with the highest number of publications. Observational studies were the most frequent types of articles (76.29%), followed by case reports (13.36%). It was concluded that this current network analysis indicates that although there is a significant growth in the number of publications about OH in persons with CP, it is important to increase the number of interventional randomized clinical trial studies, to include this population in high-impact oral health investigations around the world.

Objective: to understand the processes of co-management, knowledge and practices shared between health professionals and users and their interface with mental health in the network. Methodology: Integrative literature review, which is based on the six phases established by Mendes, Silveira and Galvão, using the PCC strategy for the formulation of the guide question, and detailed and individual search conducted in Scielo, Pubmed and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) via the Virtual Health Library (VHL) in August 2021. Results: 13 articles were selected for analysis and elaboration of the synthesis matrix. Discussion: When addressing the shared management models of health services, one has to consider the limits of any management reform or management model; what can be apprehended based on the articles analyzed, is that for this, it is necessary to consider the most varied and complete factors, being among them, the economic, political, social and cultural context. Conclusion: it is necessary that there is an effort of health professionals and managers to promote co-management in a full way, starting to consider users as a fundamental part for it to be executed, aiming at the construction of space that foster discussions about mental health care in a way shared by all social actors.

This study aims to present the role of accounting as a support tool for organizations regarding the quality of accounting information applied in business strategies. The relevance of this research is justified because, in addition to the science about the dynamics of the companies' equity, it is necessary to have knowledge of all its extension for a situation of more profitable operations, making the role of accounting information fundamental for the organizations' strategies. As for the methodological aspects, it is characterized as descriptive and exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, with the use of documentary research and an unstructured interview that was carried out in a business group that operates in different segments. Preliminarily, it was verified the real importance of Information Technology (IT) in the process of dissemination of accounting information combined with the use of tools aimed at organizational strategic management.

Objective: To identify the contribution of a group of pregnant women and pregnant couples to consolidate the principle of humanization of childbirth and birth, in the perception of women and their companions. Method: descriptive and exploratory qualitative research. Data collection was performed through interviews from August 2018 to March 2019. The analysis was carried out qualitatively, according to the operative proposal of Minayo. Results: The health education activities carried out in the group contribute to the promotion and protection of childbirth as a healthy and physiological process, prepare women for decision making and empower women for possible childbirth. Final considerations: The Group of Pregnant Women and pregnant couples has contributed to the humanization of childbirth and birth care, providing a pleasant experience for the participants.

The objective of this research is to know the diversity of plant species collected in the scope of the Igarapé da Fortaleza Hydrographic Basin, between the municipalities of Santana and Macapá, State of Amapá. From the organization of digital data records of species collected and registered in national and international herbaria, the records collected in the State of Amapá were extracted, comprising the scope of the research interest area. The floristic composition was evaluated by the richness of individuals distributed in genera and species. The families were organized according to the APG IV and the nomenclature update and verification of life habits were carried out by consulting the Flora do Brasil 2020 and Tropicos websites. A total of 501 samples were registered in 18 herbariums, 11 of which were national and seven internationals, of which 235 were deposited in the Herbarium Amapaense. 245 species belonging to 60 families and 169 genera were recorded. Fabaceae was the family with the largest number of species recorded, followed by Poaceae and Orchidaceae, and the most frequent habit was herbaceous. It is concluded that the floristic diversity of the Igarapé da Fortaleza Hydrographic Basin is quite significant, but even with the expressive diversity recorded, there is still a need for additional studies to expand the knowledge of the existing diversity.

This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of food poisoning in Brazil with its trends and prospects for prevention, between the years 2016 and 2020. A cross-sectional, retrospective study with a quantitative approach was developed, the data for the research were taken from official government websites, namely: SINITOX (National System of Toxic-Pharmacological Information), DATASUS and IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). It became evident that a significant and sharp decrease in cases of food poisoning in Brazil and in its five socio-political regions (p<0.0001) in the year 2020, such fact being probably related to the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Regarding the occurrence of food poisoning by gender there was predominance in males with a sharp and significant decrease in the year 2020 for both genders. The age group between 15-19 years was the most prevalent, followed by children under 1 year old. Thus, it can be concluded that food poisoning is closely related to food consumption outside the home, reinforcing the importance of the professional nutritionist as a propagator of good hygiene, handling, and healthy eating practices.

The university extension, in the dental field, is based on the provision of services to the oral health of the population, through several and significant programs. This work aims to report the experiences and activities experienced by Dentistry students at the Federal University of Campina Grande, members of the Extension Program (PROBEX): "Human Freshmen: Promoting Oral Health in Pastoral da Criança", belonging to the axis directed to actions to promote oral health with children through educational practices in communities in the city of Patos, Paraíba (PB). Children from 0 to 12 years of age participated in the actions, as well as their parents and guardians who attended the Pastoral da Criança in their communities. The Children's Axis had the participation of 8 members, namely: 1 coordinating teacher, 1 scholarship student and 6 volunteer students, who met every week to schedule and plan actions in order to disseminate knowledge about it of oral health. The program provides safe, clear and accurate information dissemination, which is suitable for children, in a playful and easy to understand way, enabling greater learning. In addition, the actions favor the process of teaching and developing the extension student, since this contact with the community allows social interaction with different people, allowing the construction of a professional trained in prevention and health promotion.

This article sought to carry out a bibliographical survey, of a narrative nature, on dental care for pregnant women. Virtual searches were performed in the databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS and the Scielo virtual library. For this, the central question was established: "How is dental care for pregnant women?" Complete studies were included to assess the dental care provided to pregnant women. Therefore, the articles were critically analyzed in this review. This study aims to analyze the literature on dental care for pregnant women, due to the special need caused by changes in their bodies. It is found that many dental surgeons refuse dental care to pregnant women for fear of causing abortion due to physiological changes that occur during the gestational period, especially in the critical period of pregnancy (first trimester). So, they choose to perform the appropriate procedures at another period of pregnancy, because they feel safer to carry out the practice. [services, inevitably exposing its brands in social networks. The work evaluates the interaction of the organizations with the users in order to fulfill the mission of defending their brand in the face of judgments that may negatively expose the products and services of the brand that over the years struggles to survive the current economic situations of the country. Therefore, the present work aims to provide clarifications and recommendations on clinical behavior through scientific evidence related to dental care for pregnant women, enabling the establishment of an adequate treatment plan, a safe, humane and effective care.

The revitalization of Islamic law continues to experience renewal in welcoming the new world economy era that offers the influence of global cultural acculturation and advances in information technology on the one hand, and the rise of spiritualism and nationalism on the other. The study of economics is not new in the discourse of Islamic law, which is better known as mu'amalat. For a long time, the discourse on the objectives of the Sharia (maqasid al-shari‘ah) has become a non-negotiable need. The necessity of knowing it, the urgency of studying it, and the implications of Muslim scholars’ thoughts in navigating the ocean of Islamic law to arrive at the sea of ​​wisdom are strongly influenced by maqasid al-shari‘ah. This is based on the assumption that it is not enough just to know and examine in detail the textual texts which can result in a misunderstanding of the purposes and objectives of God and His Messenger in formulating Islamic law, but it is very necessary to study the values and objectives of the Sharia texts that were revealed. Thus, Ibn Bayyah tried to combine the study of maqasid al-shari'ah with mu'amalat based on the objectives of the transaction and the results of observation of reality. In his research results, he stated that the revitalization of objectives of wealth as a new basis of thought in the discourse of Islamic law would update the concept of the jurisprudence of transactions in its old face which was rigid, out of date, conservative, and less applicable. This is like the human need for wealth considered as a crucial thing that occupies the first position in objectives of wealth (maqasid al-mu'amalat).

This study aims to describe experiences of actions aimed at adults in poor communities in the city of Patos, Paraíba. The applied methodology refers to an experience report of students in Dentistry at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), campus of Patos, Paraíba. Members linked to a University Extension (PROBEX) entitled: Human Freshers Program - Promoting Oral Health in the Pastoral da Criança. Calouros has eighteen extension participants, four coordinating teachers, as well as students from the first period of Dentistry classes. The actions were carried out in partnership with the Pastoral da Criança of the diocese of Patos. The scope of the project took place during the current year, nine actions were carried out in the most diverse districts of Patos, these presenting little or no access to basic education on oral health. The results correspond to the disseminated knowledge that took place in the form of a lecture with banners and conversation circles, the communication took place in a simple way for a better understanding and access for all, with basic knowledge and easy daily execution. We concluded that the project complemented and reached the importance of the dissemination of basic oral health care, being also significant in reaching the population at risk and with little access to information.

This work aimed to study the CO2 flux in the environment and its relationship with the sky coverage, in search of a mathematical relationship between these variables. It was also aimed to propose an empirical model that correlates solar radiation with CO2 fluxes (and consequently photosynthesis and plant productivity). CO2 flux data were obtained from satellites, from two bases: the base “PML_V2” and the base “MODIS17A2H”. The gross daily production of carbon was related to diffuse solar radiation. The CO2 flux data obtained from the “PML_V2” program better fit the solar radiation data from Botucatu-SP. The data from the “MODIS17A2H” program needs further studies, especially in its parameterization, which involves elements of local vegetation. In the multivariate equation obtained to estimate the gross primary production of GPP as a function of diffuse solar radiation, the Kt value per month presented high performance values, with r = 0.88, MBE = -6.99% and RMSE = 16.70%.

Knowing the epidemiology of land transport accidents is essential to propose actions for the prevention of this incident aimed at the most vulnerable public. Thus, the objective of this article was to describe and identify the victims of this condition served by the Emergency Mobile Care Service in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. The study was based on the analysis of the attendance records carried out by SAMU from June 1, 2018 to May 30, 2019. Traffic accidents represented 52.77% of the total attendances SAMU, most of which were attended by the basic support unit. The sex most affected was male and the most prevalent age group was 20 to 39 years old with 53.39% of the total victims. The most prevalent accident was the collision between motor vehicles, with Sunday being the day of the week with the highest risk and the time with the highest record of incidents was from 18:00 to 23:59. Of the total accidents studied, 12 resulted in deaths, with the highest percentage of deceased males (91.66%). In this way, SAMU service forms are a valuable source of information for health surveillance and demonstrate their ability to contribute to the monitoring of these diseases and to point out the risk factors associated with care in the municipality.

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is considered a key pest in the conditions of cultivation of sweet corn (Zea mays L.). It’s management is based on the use of broad-spectrum insecticides, whose use results in great environmental and human health impacts. In this sense, the use of varieties that are resistant to pest attack emerges as a less impactful management strategy. This study analyzed the performance of creole and commercial sweet corn varieties against the attack of S. frugiperda. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in randomized complete block design with four replications for each of the twenty sweet corn varieties tested, 19 of which were creole and one provided by the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas. The damages of S. frugiperda were evaluated according to the visual scale of notes and the monitoring of population fluctuation with use of Delta traps with synthetic pheromone. There was a significant difference in the level of damage at 42, 63, 70 and 77 days after sowing. Among the varieties tested, 66.7% had a low level of damage and 33.3% had a medium level. The population fluctuation of males of S. frugiperda remained below the level of economic damage throughout the study period. A possible resistance of the evaluated varieties associated with environmental factors and spraying with insecticides may have contributed to the behavior for the low level of damage caused by S. frugiperda.

Corona Virus Disease-19 (Covid-19) is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has reached the status of a pandemic and has dramatically increased the need for admissions to Intensive Care Units (ICU's). In this context, the use of techniques for the support and care of the sick highlighted the prone position, a conduct on which several studies elucidate the physiological benefits for the respiratory system. To investigate the effects of applying prone positioning in the intensive care setting in patients with Covid-19, exploring the benefits and pointing out the possible counterpoints of this therapy. Bibliographic survey in the VHL (MEDLINE and LILACS) and PUBMED databases. The study included 13 articles in Portuguese and English, published in the last 5 years. Development: Most studies analyzed confirm the feasibility and safety of applying prone positioning in patients with Covid-19, where there is considerable improvement in peripheral oxygenation and ventilation-perfusion ratio, although some studies have not found significant results. It is concluded that the technique is safe and effective and it is noted that the pronation period and patient adherence to therapy, when awake, can be a determining factor for treatment success.