Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

The present work aims to analyzethe outcomes of a long-term project, called BioRevitArt, which integrates Science and Art, using mural painting. Second and third grade high school students from a state public school in São Gabriel/RS, guided by the Biology teacher, acted as protagonists in their learning. The basis of this work was researching and report writing. These activities provided information that supported the selection of elements that were represented on a mural on the classroom wall. The analysis of murals production process highlights: i) the description of the methodology employed in the mural production process as well as its application as a pedagogical tool; ii) the perception of the school teachers regarding the use of the murals as didactic resources, iii) the skills developed by students during the project executionand iv) the creation of an activity book, as a consequence of the existence of murals in the classroom. Factors such as student protagonism when it comes to the acquisition of skills and artistic productions strengthen the feeling of belonging to the school community. Such outcome is a highly desirable element for school-community integration, which is not easily manifested in traditional teaching situations. The investigation aimed on evaluating the effects of BioRevitArt on students and teachers. The students perception on the skillset and learning developed during the application of this project was assessed trough content analysis and discursive textual analysis. Using the collective subject discourse analysis, we evaluated the different perceptions and suggestions of the teachers, who did not participate in the execution of this project, but used or intended to use the murals as a pedagogical tool. The students' commitment to the BioRevitArt proposal and the intention expressed by the teachers to incorporate the murals produced as tools in their teaching strategies, suggests that the integration between science and art is useful to encourage interdisciplinarity and integral education proposals. It also became clear to us that the existence of murals inspired teachers to think about new didactic applications contributing for the renewal of pedagogical practices, stimulating innovative proposals in classroom.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This master’s dissertation aimed to identify the obstacles to this end, a qualitative, applied and descriptive research was carried out with the managers and technical inspectors of contracts of the Federal Institutions of Higher Education (in portuguese the initials is IFES). The data were collected through interviews with contract managers and questionnaires with contract technicians in the first quarter of 2021. The sample consisted of 10 managers, 02 per region of the country and 94 technical tax officers. The answers of the interviews were analyzed with the help of the Iramuteq statistical software and the questionnaire data were tabulated in spreadsheets of the Microsoft Excel software. In this way, the main obstacles and difficulties encountered in the contract management and monitoring process have been identified and a measurement instrument (product) model has been proposed in order for it to become an effective tool in contract monitoring and that, through it, to provide greater efficiency in the monitoring and remuneration of service contracts in the public sphere.

The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the quality of internal audits (IAs) of Brazilian Federal Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), and to propose suggestions for improvement. This research was characterized by being an applied quantitative survey with exploratory objectives. Regarding data collection, it was decided to use an online questionnaire applied to the members of the IAs and the senior management of the HEIs. A sample of 301 valid responses was obtained, of which 158 were from members of AIs and 143 from councilors of collegiate bodies of the aforementioned Institutions. The analyzes carried out included descriptive statistics of the sample, exploratory factor analysis, t and ANOVA tests to verify differences in means, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. In summary, the results showed that the IA Quality, IA Work, Continuous Improvement, IA Management Support, IA Independence and Effectiveness dimensions, in general, had a positive perception by the respondents. On the other hand, the construct Relationship between Internal and External Auditors presented the greatest disagreements regarding the items “the control bodies (CGU and TCU) discuss their plans with IA” (average 2.68) and “the auditors of the control and AIs share work roles” (mean 2.91). Regarding the IA Functioning dimension, two questions showed relative neutrality on the part of the respondents, namely: does the IA have sufficient budget to carry out its attributions and responsibilities (general average 3.37) and does the IA have a Management Program and Quality Improvement (average of the AI group 3.49). On the AI quality factors, obtained through factor analysis, they were the following: AI Operation (FAI), Relationship between Internal and External Auditors (REL), Continuous Improvement Practices (PMC), AI Autonomy (AAI) and Organizational Support (APO). In the topic related to the difference in means, there were statistically significant means between the groups “Members of AIs” and “Senior Management” with the factors FAI, REL and PMC; and between the group of individuals with “Doctorate” and the REL and APO factors. Regarding the correlation between the factors created, there was a high association between IA Quality and FAI (0.781) and a low association between REL and AAI (0.297). Regarding the multiple regression, it was found that FAI, PMC and REL had a positive impact on the Quality of IAs. APO and AAI were not statistically significant. In summary, it was found that there are relevant factors for the quality of IAs. Therefore, they deserve attention from the analyzed HEIs, as they represent important drivers that positively impact the structuring and maintenance of a quality IA.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This work aimed to investigate memories about experiences related to the use of internet resources during High School and perceptions about the use of these resources in learning at the beginning of Higher Education. The research was carried out through a questionnaire that explored the students' memories about habits and uses of the internet in the final phase of Basic Education and their perceptions about the use of texts and videos in the learning process. Fifty-seven first semester students of a course in the health area participated in the research. Data on the presence of computer labs in schools, associated with results on frequency of access and places where students use the internet, indicate that the school was not the main place for the development of competences or skills in the use of digital resources for learning. The answers to the questions about students' preferences regarding videos, video lessons and texts reveal that videos and video lessons are considered useful for content review and printed books are more valued than digital texts. The results reinforce the need for a broader discussion on the use of the internet for learning formal high school content without teacher mediation. The existence of rejections in relation to digital resources as learning aids indicates the need for teaching strategies that mix the use of physical and digital resources, especially for beginners in higher education. The indication and availability of varied resources continues to be the best recommendation to reach the largest number of students and meet individual needs. The data also point to the need for more formal approaches to the use of internet resources for academic research, both in relation to the reliability of the information and the correct use of the collected material.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This study was developed in the Master's Program in Cultural Heritage at Public University of Santa Maria – PPGPC/ UFSM. The proposal aims to validate the artisanal know how to do of wheat and corn straw as cultural heritage of “Quarta Colônia” UNESCO Aspiring Geopark. It was tought, a pedagogical material was prepared to guide and raise awareness of the school community about this craft knowledge, boosting income generation and boosting Community-Based Tourism through cultural and sustainable aspects associated with the project “Quarta Colônia Geopark”. The study region is located in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, has been the subject of scientific studies that contribute to the understanding of the arrival of the first immigrants in the region, who bequeathed to their descendants customs and traditions that are perpetuate to the present day. The UNESCO Aspiring Geopark “Quarta Colônia” arising from partnerships between the Sustainable Development Consortium - CONDESUS, the local community and public-private institutions is an area covered by nine municipalities connected to the constitution of the territory, where paleontological evidence of fossils and remarkable cultural and natural heritage surround the territory. The proposal to educate for heritage, based in “Quarta Colônia” Geopark, aims to contribute to refining its own history, strengthened by an identity focused on its cultural references, in this case, arising from handicrafts and dialogue with local artisans. With the result generated by the research product, the awareness of social actors in the school, heritage, community and tourism spheres, contributing to the consolidation of UNESCO Geopark.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

The lowland areas of the southern part of Rio Grande do Sul are predominantly cultivated with border irrigated rice in the continuous flooding system. This irrigation method is characterized by low water use efficiency and high greenhouse gas emissions. Given the current scenario of climate change and water scarcity, the seek for alternative irrigation methods and/or systems that are efficient in the water use, that promote high yield and quality of the grains produced, as well as provide a reduction in gas emissions greenhouse effect has been a constant challenge to research and the productive sector. In this sense, border irrigation methods in intermittent flooding and sprinkler systems emerge as alternatives to traditional flood irrigation, aiming to reduce water use and lessen environmental impact. Although these irrigation methods can promote a reduction in water use, plants can be affected by the reduction in water availability. When associated with conditions of high evapotranspiration demand, they can cause morphophysiological changes in rice plants, promoting a reduction in their growth and development, with effects on the yield and quality of the crop's grains. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance and morphophysiological modifications of rice varieties subjected to different irrigation methods and systems, as well as their influence on irrigation water productivity (Chapter I); evaluate yield components and grain quality of rice varieties subjected to irrigation methods and systems (Chapter II), as well as the influence of irrigation methods and systems on methane and nitrous oxide emissions, global warming partial potential and the relation with grain yield of irrigated rice varieties (Chapter III). For this, experiments were carried out in the 2019/20 and 2020/21 growing seasons in the lowlands didactic-experimental area at the Federal University of Santa Maria. As the main results obtained, it was verified that intermittent irrigation provides a reduction in the use of water without harming the productivity and quality of rice grains. However, due to the intensity of the intermittence used, the emission of methane and nitrous oxide were not affected, being the PAGp/PG similar to that verified by continuous irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation promotes reduced water use, however, with a reduction in shoot and root dry matter accumulation, nutrient accumulation, parameters related to photosynthesis, number of grains per panicle and grain yield. In addition, sprinkler irrigation had a higher percentage of opaque and plastered grains and reduced whole grain rice yield. As for the emission of greenhouse gases, the sprinkler provided a reduction in the emission of methane from the soil in rice cultivation, however, it increased the emissions of nitrous oxide. Variety IRGA 431 CL provides reduced water use and higher irrigation water productivity, without harming grain yield with lower percentage of opaque and plastered grains and higher whole grain rice yield than variety IRGA 424 RI. The fluxes and total emission of methane and nitrous oxide, as well as the partial global warming potential were not influenced by rice varieties, containing similar values of PAGp/PG.

Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory process in the apical region of a tooth element resulting from the colonization of microorganisms in the root canal system. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reagent whose levels increase as a result of acute or chronic inflammation, in addition to being considered a systemic inflammatory mediator and a biomarker in predicting cardiovascular disease. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between apical periodontitis and increased serum levels of C-reactive protein in a sample of the rural population of the municipality of Rosário do Sul, RS. The sample of 515 individuals was obtained from an epidemiological survey carried out in Rosário do Sul, in the period between March 2015 and May 2016. Individuals with apical periodontitis were divided into groups in relation to the severity and extent of the lesions. classified as low level individuals with less than 10% of teeth present with PAI 2 or 3 and 4 or 5 in less than 10% of teeth present and high level individuals with more than 10% of teeth present with PAI 4 or 5. Variables related to sex, age, smoking, socioeconomic variable, BMI, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, use of medication and periodontal characteristics were considered in the analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the Stata 14.0 program. Descriptive data analysis, linear regression and binary logistic regression were performed. The comparison of groups was seen using the Chi-square test, Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn's post hoc and Student's t test. The results of the adjusted analysis showed that individuals with a more advanced degree of apical periodontitis had higher levels of CRP when compared to those with low levels of BP (p < 0.05). In addition, individuals with BP had a 2.4 times greater chance of having CRP above 5 mg/L when compared to individuals without BP (Odds Ratio = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.31 to 4, 05). The results demonstrated an association between high serum CRP levels and apical periodontitis, gender and BMI. Therefore, according to the present study, apical periodontitis was associated with higher levels of CRP in individuals living in rural areas and may influence systemic biomarkers and affect the patient's general health.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Stink bugs and whiteflies are major concerns for pest management in Brazilian soybean production, causing severe economic losses to soybean growers and leading to excessive application of insecticides per crop cycle. Despite biological differences, these two sapsucking or feeding pests often occur together in soybeans fields and can be successfully managed with the same insecticide spray, reducing operational costs to the growers. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of eleven chemical insecticides in the control of stink bugs and whiteflies under field conditions, in two crop seasons. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates. Two insecticide sprays were made with an interval of 14 days apart. The results from ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (P≤0.05) revealed significant difference among the treatments for the control of stink bugs and whiteflies. Acetamiprid + bifenthrin (75 + 75 g a.i. ha-1) was the most efficient treatment for the control of stink bugs, reaching 97.8% of insect mortality. Cyantraniliprole + bifenthrin (50 + 50 g a.i. ha-1) was the most efficient treatment for the control of whiteflies, reaching 78.8% of insect mortality. This treatment also presented the highest combined control of stink bugs and whiteflies, reaching 83.5% of insect mortality. This, the insecticide treatment can be recommended for the combined management of stink bugs and whiteflies in soybean.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES