Repositório RCAAP

This dissertation approach the restructuring process of the archaeological storage room of the Laboratório de Arqueologia, Sociedades e Culturas das Américas (LASCA), of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), created in 2019, after the merger of the Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisas Arqueológicas (LEPA) with the Núcleo de Estudos do Patrimônio e Memória (NEP). Such restructuring can be divided into two stages. The first includes the solutions found to revert the critical situation presented by LEPA, which, like many other custody and research institutions in Brazil, presented problems regarding the preservation and communication of its collection. Through a conservation diagnosis, it was possible to determine the main factors of deterioration and define the priority actions: the inventory, cleaning and packaging of the collection stored in a storage room, as well as an environmental monitoring of the space. These actions are seen as the starting point of the restructuring process, which continued with the second stage, encompassing the period after the official creation of LASCA and the transfer of the collection to a new custody site, considered more appropriate from the conservation point of view. In this stage, solutions for environmental control; pest control; control of pollutants; organization and storage of the collection; and the lighting of the rooms were presented, based on references from the Preventive Conservation area and current legislation, taking into account the singularities of the Laboratory and its collection. Finally, an Acquisition and Deaccession Policy was elaborated, seen as complementary to the restructuring of the archeological storage room and essential for an efficient collection management.

This research contributes in order that the documentary records of the functional trajectory of each federal public worker are accessible in a standardized way to users of the Digital Functional Settlement (AFD) and preserved as a source for research, for guaranteeing rights and as part of institutional memory through work relationships. It also contributes to enrich the literature, by serving as a basis for other studies on AFD. The research aimed to create an instrument for the standardization of procedures for the execution of digitization and registration of documents of the management processes that compose the AFD for the Unified Legal Regime (RJU) within the scope of the Dean of Graduate of People Management (PROGEP) of the Federal University de Santa Maria (UFSM), delimiting to the files from the physical functional folders and contained in version 14 of the Table of Functional Documents (TDF). Concerning the methodology, it is an applied research with a qualitative approach and as the technical procedures it is a case study. Data collection occurred through direct observation, documentary and bibliographic research, as well as interviews with PROGEP/ UFSM workers. The results of the trajectory records of the implementation of AFD at the Institution show that UFSM has been engaged with AFD since its creation in 2011 and since then it has been working to comply with regulations and qualify services towards AFD. Furthermore, we have noticed the relevance of observing the recommendations of the National Archives and the Ministry of Economy (ME) in the digitization and operationalization of the equipment, as well as the definition of the step for digital capture in order to contextualize the AFD in the documents flow. The need to standardize metadata records for inclusion of documents in the system was verified as a way to improve document management and facilitate the work of people management. As a final product, the AFD Manual for PROGEP/UFSM management processes was created, which, after being validated through SCALE Model (Support, Credibility, Accuracy, Legitimacy, Structure), demonstrated to guide PROGEP servers in the execution of digitization activities, metadata registration and inclusion of documents in SIGEPE-AFD in a standardized manner and in line with the ME norms and archival legislation, thus achieving the research objectives. We conclude that technology is constantly revolutionizing the way of transmitting information and documents, and AFD is inserted in this context as a tool that facilitates people management in Brazil through agility in accessing documents, justifying the need for standardization procedures towards it.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This study presents information, memory and heritage as the keywords of contemporary consciousness. Heritage is a dimension of memory and society needs memory as a source of history, which can be achieved through information. The preservation of information and the different formats where it is registered is the focus of this master's thesis, resulting in a booklet that proposes a plan for the conservation and preservation of sound and audiovisual documents of the Symphonic Orchestra of the Federal University of Santa Maria. The study of sound and audiovisual documents is explored from an archival approach, resulting in a booklet as a product, which is a textbook with an easy-to-understand language, and which brings useful information from a preservation and conservation plan. sound and audiovisual documents. This booklet identifies the formats of the sound and audiovisual materials that must be preserved by the UFSM Orchestra, as well as the methods of preserving and preserving the materials and information, so that access to their content is available as long as possible, regardless where the information is recorded. Equally adequate means of security are identified for the internal environment of the building and the furniture where the documents are located. This is a bibliographic search and practical application. It presents characteristics of a case study, as it is used the means of direct observation, from the different materials that contain information that are investigated to describe the context of documentary production. The booklet provides technical guidance through simple language regarding the technological media used to record sound and audiovisual information, as well as the entire context of the building's internal environment, such as degradation caused by air, temperature, relative humidity, due to incorrect handling and the absence of specific care regarding the forms of storage and packaging. As the media that are part of this institution's Symphony Orchestra, VHS videotapes, CDs and DVDs, need special care, a preservation and conservation plan should contribute to increasing the life expectancy of these formats, so as not to technological obsolescence and also to the environment where the documents are stored. Even more necessary is to preserve the documents of memory of the Symphony Orchestra, as it is a legacy that is made of the past and present for the future, as an extension of its life and as cultural heritage.

This research contextualizes the Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER), mainly understanding that since the enactment of the Brazilian Law number 12,188 in 2010, the management and commercialization processes made by family farmers are included in the hall of services offered by this legislation. The “Mais Gestão” Project was created officially in 2012, based in the National Policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (PNATER) and was characterized as an innovative project because it wasn’t encompassed the family farmers directly in the extensions activities, but the economic organizations composed by them, which operates to the transformation and commercialization of their products. Organized by the Agrarian Development Ministry (MDA) in Brazil, the project aims to identify and solve weaknesses in technical, managerial, and technological areas. Also, through the resolutions, increment the competitiveness and promote a sustainable culture in the benefited organizations. Due the project consonance with PNATER since the begun, both have their principles linked, emphasizing here the participative methodologies adoption as a standard in its normative documents. To choose the benefited organizations in the project, it was considered two criteria: to have a significative number of family farmers as members (what is guarantee by a document called DAP jurídica) and have commercialization of products to governmental markets (like the programs PAA and PNAE). This Thesis aimed to analyses the methodological and rational binding of “Mais Gestão” and the specificities of family farmers cooperatives benefited by the extension activities. The methodology can be categorized as bibliographic and documental, being the results described in four articles linked with the Thesis specific objectives. The first article was elaborated with the aim of contextualize the history of cooperativism in Brazil, focusing on a dualism of representation. It was demonstrated that within the scope of agricultural cooperativism, a dualism was established, being the cooperatives of family farmers and of solidarity economy an alternative to the traditional cooperatives, which over time had not represent the food production system, but the commodity ones, created by the agricultural modernization. In the second and third articles, it was aimed to compare the practices guided by “Mais Gestão” project with the current methodological premises of ATER. To this, it was presented arguments that shows the efforts supported by the managers of the public policy to adapt the project to the family farmers reality. However, it was possible to identify that these efforts have practical and operational elements that aren’t ideals, according to the participative methodologies, knowledge exchange, dialogical processes, and knowledge construction. Lastly, in the fourth article, the aim was to compare the practices guided by “Mais Gestão” project now with the typical-ideals characteristics of rationalities of organizational processes and dynamics. Considering this theme, it was discussed the problem that, for several authors, family farmer cooperatives (considered as alternatives of resistance, or as representatives of the “new cooperativism”) are guided by rational actions in relation to values and not only by actions rationally linked to ends, as is customary in mercantile capitalist environments. From this, it was presented contributions from national and international literature that address these different rational actions in organizations, through which it was possible to build a framework with organizational processes and dimensions, in addition to typical-ideal characteristics of rational actions (instrumental/formal or substantive/collectivist) for each of the processes or dimensions. Based on the analysis of the methodological guide of the “Mais Gestão” project (through the focus of rationalities) and understanding that family farmer cooperatives are characterized as organizations guided by substantive rationality, denying the supremacy of bureaucracy, as well as the preposition of the economic to the social, it was concluded that there is a gap between the proposed methodology and the characteristics of family farmer cooperatives, beneficiaries of extension activities.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Access to basic education, although it does not necessarily express the recognition and reduction of social inequality, seems to be the safest and most egalitarian path in the construction of society. However, it is not always in tune with the conditions of student permanence and success in school. Therefore, the general objective of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate strategies to combat school dropout, through text messages, to contribute to the permanence and success of students in Integrated High School. The research is quantitative and applied in nature, associated with the experimental level of investigation. Initially, a scientometric study associated with the theme of school dropout in high school was carried out, rescuing the academic productions from 2005 to 2019, from the Graduate Programs of the five Federal Universities of RS. Then, an investigation was developed involving the sending of text messages built on the Theory of Self-Determination and sent to students of the Integrated High School of IFFar, through the WhatsApp application. The first intervention took place during the second semester of 2019 and lasted 14 weeks, in which 99 students with low academic performance participated. Four groups were created: the control group, which did not receive the messages, and the groups that received the messages with different weekly frequencies (every 15 days; one message/week or three messages/week). The second intervention took place for eight weeks, in the second half of 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic, characterized by remote teaching. In this study, 560 students from three years of high school participated, in which three messages were sent per week. Regarding the scientometric study, 15 productions related to school dropout in high school were found, making it possible to identify that the main causes for dropping out of school are low interest and the study/work relationship; the possible alternatives to reduce dropout are related to greater participation of the school community, the construction of pedagogical projects and curricular adequacy. Regarding the effect of the use of text messages on students' school performance, during face-to-face teaching, based on the status at the end of the school year, grade and number of failures in subjects, it was possible to prove that the use of text messages with motivation was relevant to improve students' school performance, especially those who received three messages per week. The results of the intervention, during remote teaching, showed that the use of text messages provided greater acceptance for students and an increase in their state of motivation. Similarly, it was possible to identify the development of basic psychological needs configured by the dimensions of autonomy, competence and belonging in students, after receiving the messages. Thus, it is concluded that the use of motivational messages via smartphone is an important alternative to prevent retention and dropout of students from Integrated High School, based on increased motivation, performance and engagement of students with the feasibility of inclusion in the action plan of institutional permanence and success programs.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

In equine medicine, cutaneous injuries, especially distal limb, are part of the main challenges and their resolutions involve high costs, with impacts both on the individual, reducing their quality of life, and economic, for the breeders and owners of these animals. There are numerous studies demonstrating the use of PRP and its effectiveness in the healing of these injuries, but in these studies the blood of the animal itself to be treated is used, and the PRP is performed at the same time of application. Due to the reality of the veterinarian who works in the field of bringing barriers to the implementation of this process, and its use depending on numerous applications, this study aims to measure the feasibility of using homologous blood to carry out the application of PRP in order to facilitate the completion of the process. The objectives of this study were to evaluate, through macroscopy and microscopy, the healing process of wounds in horses, treated with autologous and homologous PRP. Six horses were selected, 5 animals were submitted to surgical wounds, and in each animal three wounds were made, which were treated with autologous PPR, homologous PRP and saline solution, and the 6th animal served as a universal donor for the treatment with homologous PRP. There was no statistical difference in the reduction of the lesion area at 15 and 30 days of treatment (p > 0.05), even though visually the groups treated with the different forms of PRP were smaller than those of the control group. As for the macroscopic evaluations, no wound presented secretion as well as signs of infection, no animal also presented exuberant granulation tissue. Homologous PRP was as efficient as autologous PRP in its ability to increase wound healing speed, allowing healing of very similar quality and without any adverse effects.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

The present research aims to investigate the relationships between declarative and procedural aspects of Mathematics undergraduates participating in the Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP) at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, and its implications in practice for initial teacher training before and after participating in workshops on Trends in Mathematics Education. The PRP is a program proposed by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, (CAPES) which aims to support Higher Education Institutions with new projects that enable different ways of stimulating, integrating, modifying theory and practice in face-to-face and distance teaching courses, integrating the University with the public networks of Basic Education. In this thesis, it is assumed that actions in initial training, such as workshops, enable dialogue between scientific knowledge and training courses with direct implications for teaching practice. This work is part of the field of initial teacher education and is based on the Theory of Education developed by Novak. In general terms, it is a research with a qualitative, exploratory approach, of the multiple case study type that used participant observation, open questions, elaboration of lesson plans through Gowin's V Diagram and conceptual maps (CM) as research instruments to analyze the activities developed over 18 months by three Mathematics undergraduates participating in the PRP/UFSM, inserted in the three schools covered by the program in the period between 2018 and 2019. In order to identify the relationships between declarative and procedural aspects in initial teacher education, the activities were analyzed according to Novak's five elements of Education (teacher, learner, subject matter, context, and evaluation), taken in this work as categories of analysis. The results show that the declarative aspects of the residents are not always reflected in the procedures, either due to difficulties in the context, due to the lack of interaction between students and the teacher, which makes it difficult to take actions that favor the teaching and learning of concepts. Furthermore, it was found that in only one of the interventions of the three residents, the assessment took place throughout the educational process, and the other interventions focused on conventional tests and tests. It is observed that the actions developed within the scope of the PRP/UFSM, allowed the resident undergraduates to reflect on teaching, the teaching and learning process supported by the diversity of methodologies presented in the workshops, whether for the planning of practical and evaluation activities, in theoretical studies and exchange of experiences.

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was developed to estimate the inflammatory power of a dietary pattern. This research aimed to evaluate the association between the IID with sociodemographic, anthropometric and dietary indicators of the elderly in the community. This is a descriptive, probabilistic and retrospective study, with a transversal, quantitative and analytical design, which used secondary data from the research “Food and nutritional situation of the elderly in Palmeira das Missões, RS”. A total of 424 elderly people participated in the study, with a predominance of females (68.4%), aged between 60 and 69 years (49.5%) with a mean of 70.8±7.8 years, presence of a partner (53.8% ), education level below 5 years of schooling (60.1%), with salary income less than two minimum wages (79.7%), presence of excess weight according to BMI (49.1%) , was not a smoker (85.6%), on medication (75.7%) and did not practice physical activity (54.7%). The energy-adjusted IID with the pro-inflammatory profile was more prevalent among the elderly (77.6%). In this group, the consumption of energy (p=0.008), total (p<0.001) and saturated fat (p<0.001) was higher and statistically significant. In the group in which the IID adjusted for energy showed an anti-inflammatory profile, the intake of fiber, vitamins A, D, E, C, thiamine, riboflavin, B6, folate, B12, magnesium, iron was higher and with a significant difference and selenium. The IID showed a significant association with dietary variables and, among these, dietary fiber was the nutrient studied that presented the greatest contribution to the food anti-inflammatory potential. The anti-inflammatory group was associated with nutrients such as fiber, vitamins and minerals contained in healthy foods, while the pro-inflammatory group was associated with nutrients characteristic of a western diet. Among sociodemographic and anthropometric data, age and BMI showed a significant correlation with the energy-adjusted IID.

The WebQuest (WQ) consists of an investigative methodology, in which the objective is to transform information gathered on the internet into knowledge, through tasks to be performed. The methodology emerged in 1995, in a training course given by Professor Bernie Dodge, from the University of San Diego, and, since then, many studies in the most diverse areas of knowledge began to gain strength and, in the teaching of Languages, it was not different. Therefore, the present work aimed to create, implement and analyze a WQ for the teaching and learning of Spanish as an Additional Language in the context of Basic Education and presents the results of the research developed in the Graduate Program in Educational Technologies in Network (PPGTER), research line for the Development of Educational Technologies in Network (LP1), at the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). For this, a qualitative research was carried out, with quantitative elements, in a 3rd year high school class, in a public school on the outskirts of Santana do Livramento - RS, based on the theoretical assumptions of action research (TRIPP, 2015). As instruments for data collection, the following were used: a) socioeconomic questionnaire; b) field notes and; c) Post-WQ questionnaire. In addition, to support the present research, the WQ conception of Dodge (1995) and Barato (2004) was used, in addition to studies on the teaching and learning of Languages mediated by the New Digital Technologies of Information and Communication (NTDICs) of Moran (2017), Paiva (2018) and Leffa (2020), as well as the ideas of the Project Pedagogy (PP) of Leite (2008) and the Social Interactionist Theory of Vygotsky (1970), for the creation of the WQ. For the analysis of the results, Bardin's Content Analysis (1977) was chosen and, from this analysis, it can be observed that the methodology contributed significantly in the classes in which it was used, not only promoting engagement on the part of the students, but also the learning of the language, as well as discussions pertinent to the subject worked. In addition, with the creation of WQ Las profesiones as a pedagogical product, which requires a professional master's degree, I hope to be able to contribute with other Spanish Language teachers when carrying out an activity using the methodology.

Humanity faces great obstacles in guaranteeing a good agricultural management system based on the spatial and temporal variation of its properties. The present work aims to characterize the spatial variability of soil chemical properties (P, K, pH and base saturation) and to study the need for input application, as well as to compare the soil fertility conditions for the years 2012, 2017 and 2020, for the same management area. By studying the data collected for the three sampling years, it was possible to analyze the behavior of the soil chemical attributes in different plots of the experimental area of UFSM. The data were analyzed with Office Excel 2016 software, reconfigured into shapefile format and loaded into QGIS Desktop 3.20.1 software, allowing IDW interpolation and the use of geostatistics in the preparation and analysis of maps. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the application of variable rate significantly reduced the spatial and temporal variability of the areas and the creation of the maps allowed the identification of homogeneous zones.