Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

As a human creation, jewelry carries aesthetic and commercial values with subjective meanings related to memories and art. Throughout the ages, these artifacts have been configured as a link between the past and the present, between the real and the symbolic, becoming a material testimony of cultures of peoples. In the vast universe of jewelry, social and work relations stand out in addition to symbolic and mystical perspectives. Thus, this research presents a multidisciplinary study on the history of jewelry and the goldsmiths’ craft. Using a methodology that privileged the use of bibliographic sources, empirical data, and interviews, this study presents an overview of the evolution of jewelry in the world historical trajectory. Moreover, it highlights the Brazilian jewelry narrating important events that accompanied the development of the jewelry sector in the country. With the help of existing documents in places that safeguard collections on local memory, this research presents the history of jewelry in Santa Maria, RS, which possibly started with the arrival of German immigrants in the second half of the 18th century. To complement the history of local jewelry, interviews were also conducted to record and understand memories and other reports of goldsmiths and jewelers who work in the city. In addition to it, it was possible to know the reality of the local jewelry market and define its characteristics through a survey conducted with data obtained from the City Hall of Santa Maria. At the end of the study, the process of creating the product derived from the research is presented. This product is a book project entitled “The goldsmiths in Santa Maria, RS”, which is about local jewelry and is meant to be used as a historical and pedagogical subsidy for promoting educational actions, tourist dissemination of the city, and appreciation of this craft in Santa Maria.

Pythiosis is a chronic disease caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum that affects both animals and humans. The main animals affected are the equines and canines, generating a worrying clinical picture. If not identified and treated rapidly, pythiosis can be fatal, so early diagnosis of the disease is still in its early stages, before it attacks vital organs. Treatment of pythiosis is difficult due to the fact that it does not respond well to drugs commonly used in fungal diseases, since the etiologic agent does not have ergosterol in its membrane. Thus, therapeutic alternatives have been investigated, among them immunotherapy and antibiotic drugs. In this context, the present study evaluated the in vivo effect of minocycline alone and in combination with immunotherapy in the treatment of experimental pythiosis in rabbits. Twenty five rabbits, aged three months old and subcutaneously inoculated with Pythium insidiosum zoospores were divided into four groups (n=5): treated with minocycline (10 mg/kg/day twice daily), treated with immunotherapy (34 mg subcutaneously every 14 days), treated with minocycline plus immunotherapy, untreated (control group, (n=5) and treated (control healthy, n=5). The treatments were started 30 days after inoculation and continued for 70 days. The subcutaneous nodular injury areas in infected groups were measured every seven days after the beginning of treatment. Only the rabbits that developed lesions were selected for this study. When compared with the control group over 70 days, the minocycline and minocycline plus immunotherapy groups of rabbits with pythiosis showed significantly reduced injuries. The histopathology showed the presence of inflammation, macrophages and eosinophils. Grocott’s staining revealed irregular hyphae-like structures that were ramified and occasionally septate. The infected and untreated group differed significantly increased in relation to the healthy group only in the hydrolysis of ADP and AMP. The results both showed that E-NTPDase and E-5'-nucleotidase activities were decreased in the immunotherapy-treated groups, which consequently increased the extracellular concentration of extracelular ATP, ADP and AMP. E-ADA activity did not change in the context of infection with the oomycete. Our results suggest that minocycline has fungistatic activity and that the combination of minocycline and immunotherapy is more effective than the individual therapies tested. And, the results reiterate the hypothesis of purinergic system receptor involvement in the modulation of immune response also for platelets, and that the nucleotides and adenine nucleoside interact for modulation of the Th1 response to occur.

This research presents the study of preservation aiming to disseminate the documentary memory of the collection of the International Winter Festival of UFSM and the Italian Cultural Week of Vale Veneto, which is in the custody of the Museum of the Italian Immigrant Eduardo Marcuzzo, in the district of Vale Veneto, belonging to the municipality of São João do Polêsine (RS). Given the relevance for UFSM and Vale Veneto of these events, which have been going on for more than three decades, it is intended, based on the precepts of archival theory, to seek the preservation and dissemination of this documentary collection, in order to maintain memory and cultural identity of these events that intends to provide musical improvement for UFSM students and significant cultural, social and economic development for the region of the Fourth Colony of Italian Immigrants. In addition to the preservation of documentary memory based on archival theory and the consequent discussion and analysis of this collection, interviews were conducted with people involved in the organization and participation of these events, in order to bring new contributions to the documentation already existing at the Museum of the Italian Immigrant. Finally, in order to promote the dissemination of this documentary memory, a booklet was created with the aim of giving greater visibility to the general and specialized public, as well as serving as a source of research.

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Fast-growing mycobacterial infections have been gradually described in recent years, mainly because they are associated with a wide range of clinical syndromes, ranging from mild diseases to more severe disorders, such as skin and soft tissue infections, cervical lymphadenitis, chronic and disseminated lung infections. The formation of biofilms by these microorganisms is a major concern for public health, due to their greater pathogenicity in humans and resistance to antimicrobials. Thus, there is a pressing need to study and develop alternative methods of treatment, based on a careful assessment of the development and characterization of biofilms. Several factors are involved in the process of biofilm formation, among these components the presence of iron stands out, important in biofilm maturation. In this context, the present work aims to analyze the action of ferrous sulfate and ferric citrate in the formation of biofilms of fast-growing mycobacteria, as well as the deferoxamine chelator. To carry out this study, the strains Mycobacterium fortuitum (ATCC 6841), Mycobacterium massiliense (ATCC 48898) and Mycobacterium abscessus (ATCC 19977) were used. Ferrous sulfate and ferric citrate were the salts used for the treatment of fast-growing mycobacterial strains, as well as the chelator deferoxamine. Biofilms were formed and treated by semi-quantitative macro-technique and quantified using crystal violet and reading performed in a spectrophotometer. The results showed that there was interference of iron salts and deferoxamine in the formation of biofilms of the strains tested, since the formation of biofilm was significantly inhibited in the condition of iron deprivation in contrast to the control, in addition, the isolated deferoxamine presented antibiofilm activity, mainly for M. abscessus and M. massiliense, and it was possible to elucidate the importance of iron for biofilm formation in fast-growing mycobacteria by analyzing the mechanism of the anti-biofilm formation activity of deferoxamine. However, this work comes to encourage further research, in order to explore in more detail, the activity of new and promising molecules with antibiofilm activity.

ANP/Petrobras

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

In this research we present conceptions and praxis of a didactic sequence about the solid object of study of revolution with an emphasis on round bodies. In order to do so, we seek in Guy's Theory of Didactic Situations Brousseau as a character of scientific instrument the apparatus for methodological structuring of such a proposal and we architect a didactic sequence configured in didactic and didactic situations, taking into account the skills and competencies proposed in the National Curricular Common Base for the object of reference knowledge aiming at the appropriation of significant knowledge that may trigger in the subjects involved a posture of autonomy and protagonism in the face of this new knowledge, in order to corroborate its performance in the face of challenges of knowledge and in its subsequent studies. In this way, we seek to investigate which contributions the Theory of Didactic Situations can provide about the study of this object of knowledge and are aimed at a praxis that consolidates this knowledge in a significant way. The qualitative research took place in two classes of the third year of high school in a State Institute of Education located in the municipality of Júlio de Castilhos, RS. The context of the research took place in the hybrid teaching modality, using as a mediator the Google Classroom application of the Google Suite for Education Platform. In this context we propose the resolution of problem situations concerning the calculation of surface areas and volumes of solids of revolution using Cavalieri's principle and Pappus' theorems from concepts studied in high school. The proposed didactic situations involved the use of manipulable materials such as acrylic solids and solids of revolution simulator and experimental activity for centroid determination of flat figures, as well as the construction of physical and virtual models using SketchUp software representative of silos, a very common type of construction in the municipality locus of the research and its borders, whose architecture is privileged by the presence of round bodies. The survey results indicated that the development of the didactic sequence favored intellectual autonomy and significant learning about of the object of knowledge in question, as well as revealing that the Theory of Didactic Situations provided important subsidies for didactic organization and analysis of the knowledge consolidation process involving the study of solids of revolution.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This research focuses on urban buildings as spaces for conservation and preservation of social and cultural memories. Historical buildings occupy a prominent place both in the memory and in the past of cities, as well as in the contemporary imaginary by which cities are imagined, lived and shared. The research’ objective is to carry out a historical-cultural analysis and the constructive pathological manifestations found at Clube Ijuí, in the city of Ijuí, located in the northwest of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Southern Brazil). The historical-cultural analysis is based on documentary research with different sources, using the history of the municipality and of the club, emphasizing issues related to cultural heritage and the preservation of historic buildings. The analysis of pathological manifestations is based on the damage map, a research and intervention methodology that allows the recognition of a plurality of elements that constitute the architectural, morphological and structural situation of buildings. This methodology identifies and evaluates problems and proposes solutions in order to conserve and preserve the urban heritage. As a result, this work presents an analysis focused on the building facades, describing the pathological manifestations found and the ideal treatment to be carried out to face it. In addition, the research warns of the importance of heritage preservation, especially of buildings of historical and architectural prestige, as a way of safeguarding local and regional culture.