Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of renal biopsy and gasless laparoscopic radical nephrectomy techniques using a multidirectional abdominal traction platform in canine cadavers. Also, to report the first laparoscopic nephrotomies described in patients with dioctophymatosis. In article 1, two surgical cases are presented, one patient had a history of hematuria and the other an incidental finding of the parasite D. renale in the abdominal cavity. Both dogs underwent abdominal ultrasound, which indicated the presence of the parasite in the right kidney, still with partial preservation of the parenchyma, and therefore underwent laparoscopic nephrotomy to remove the parasites. In articles 2 and 3, 20 canine cadavers were randomly divided into two groups, with the GCG (n=10) undergoing renal biopsy and laparoscopic gasless nephrectomy using the multidirectional traction platform, and the GCP (n=10) submitted to renal biopsy and laparoscopic nephrectomy with pneumoperitoneum. The total operative time and the times of each step of the procedure were recorded. The degree of difficulty of surgical approaches to renal biopsy was evaluated by the surgeon and assistant, and by external surgeons who analyzed the video recordings, using a Likert scale. To assess the difficulty of surgical approaches in nephrectomy, the surgeon and assistant used a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Likert scale. Renal samples were evaluated for quality, number of glomeruli and proportion of renal cortex. The total operative time for biopsy (p<0.01) and for nephrectomy (p<0.01) was higher in the GCG. For the biopsy, we observed a difference in the steps of positioning portal 2 and establishing the platform, being higher in the GCG (p<0.01). For nephrectomy, we observed a difference in the steps of positioning portal 2 (T2), establishment of the abdominal lifting equipment (T4), dissection of the renal hilum vessels (T5) and dissection of the kidney from the renal fascia (T8), being higher also in the GCG (p<0.05). The surgical groups differed from each other with respect to almost all parameters of the degree of difficulty of the surgical approaches for biopsy and nephrectomy, on the Likert scale (p<0.05), receiving a higher score on the GCG. For the VAS scale, we also observed a higher response in the GCG (p<0.01). In evaluating the video recordings for the renal biopsy, the surgical groups differed from each other with respect to almost all aspects of the degree of difficulty of the surgical approaches (p<0.05), receiving a higher score on the GCP. Renal histological parameters were similar between groups and sides of surgery. We conclude that laparoscopic nephrotomy proved effective in the cases of dioctophimosis described, with satisfactory recovery of patients and preservation of the kidneys affected by the parasite D. renale. Additionally, the feasibility of renal biopsy and laparoscopic radical nephrectomy procedures with an abdominal wall elevation device was demonstrated in canine cadavers. Although gasless procedures required longer surgical time and were more difficult to perform, they proved to be viable in the ex-vivo model.

Perceiving the landscape is an act that many consider automatic and that depends on the cultural and emotional aspects of a certain person and a certain place. Viaducts are urban equipment that has been increasingly used as a traffic strategy in places where there are conflict roads. What has been noticed is that often this equipment construction does not take into account the impact they will have on their surroundings and on the population’s daily life. This work aims to analyze the perception of the landscape of viaducts in Santa Maria/RS. Through a multi-method research it was possible to obtain relevant results for the study, combining observations analysis and online tools to contact users. In the results, it is evident that the population understands that the viaduct fulfills its main function, but most of them end up creating problems that did not exist in the area before. This study is relevant for addressing issues of mobility and landscape, and has the potential to contribute both in the continuity of the research topic and in improvements of urban equipment’s projects in the municipality and its region.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This thesis aims to demonstrate that spiritism was constituted as a heritage of French culture in Brazil, continuing the work developed in the master's degree. This heritage was constituted through the spiritist press and French cultural mediators who acted through an intense network of relationships. The documentary set chosen is composed of several international spiritist journals, to analyze how they defined who they were and what they were constituting. Being able to serve in the future for researchers interested in the theme. The theoretical-methodological authors used are: Norbert Elias, Roger Chartier, John Monroe, Laurence Bardin and Umberto Eco. From the analysis and description of the journals, we compose an international scenario of action from various aspects of spiritism, which acted in the configuration of its practices from specific contexts. We highlight characteristics of a French Kardecist spiritism, in force during the late nineteenth and early twentieth years; a Brazilian Kardecist spiritism, which started to be structured from the second half of the 20th century, outlining spiritism internationally; In addition to a spiritualistic spiritism with several options of priorities, according to each country. We consider that the insertion of spiritism in the Brazilian religious field was only possible due to the existence of 3 elements: the strong influence of French culture in Brazil in the 19th century, the French agents / immigrants and the network of relationships established by the Spiritist press. This spiritism from Brazil sets the tone of the international spiritist movement today, with, so to speak, an upside-down inheritance.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This thesis develops an elaboration on the work of Brazilian employed truck/truck drivers, focusing on their working conditions and labor relations in a period that extends from the 1970s to the 2010s. Through the uses of primary sources and bibliographical, with researches in different collections, physical sources and researches through the modern resources made available on the Internet, having as reference the category of the work process. Based on this, the peculiarities of Brazilian Road Cargo Transport are formulated, as a value of work, in its insertion in the global process of capitalist production, in the institutional structuring, in the size and business costs as trucks and in the workforce. With problematizations about the possibilities of quantification, the division of labor and the relationships between companies in the economic process, with the specificities of the productive capacities and salaries of drivers in the labor market, the determination of working hours, related to the other tasks assigned to professionals in relation to the duration in hours of work and the organization of work in the aspects of autonomy, control, discipline and training of workers that express a productive restructuring, accentuated from the 1990s onwards. In addition to determining the elements that define in professional practice during the workdays, issues such as the high incidence of occupational accidents, health problems and problems of insecurity in the determination of wage prices are exposed as recurring conditions throughout professional historical development. The thesis seeks to contribute to the historiography of labor and brazilian workers, analyzing a profession in the transport industry, determining the distinction between self-employed and employed drivers and elaborating on the conditions of the existence of piece wages and of time wages of drivers employed in the particularities of economic and political development, recording their status as a proletariat.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Teaching History is always a challenge, since this curricular component is always changing and transforming, as it accompanies human actions over time. When this teaching is aimed at children this 9 and 10 years old it is even more challenging, since texts, textbooks are presented, most of the times unattractive to these students. For this reason, a Board Game was made and applied to these children in order to more accurately fix points related to the History of São Borja, content of the teaching stage of the fourth year of Elementary School; more precisely, the fourth year classes of the Aparício Mariense Municipal Elementary School, in the city of São Borja, RS. The game was elaborated from direct observations of the classes, to evaluate their ability to interact in the realization of the same and also through readings and reflections of scientific texts that greatly collaborated in the realization and application of the project and this Master's dissertation.