Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Hippotherapy refers to a form of alternative rehabilitation treatment that uses horse movement to stimulate sensory, neuromotor and cognitive systems for functional improvement. The choice of riding materials during therapy, as well as the positioning of patients' feet and hands are essential in the intervention. The measurement of dynamic parameters of postural control over the variation of the type of material and positioning of the patient implies therapeutic decision-making. The aim of this study was to analyze the behavior of postural trunk control of children using different materials of riding and positioning of the feet and hands in a situation of horse riding. The study group consisted of fifteen children with typical development, 9 females (60%) and 6 males (37.5%), with a mean age of 9.13 ± 1.88 years, 8 eutrophics (53.3%) and 7 overweight (46.7%) and 75.73 ± 7.58 trunk-cephalic measurement. The analysis of dynamic trunk postural control occurred through the measurement of the angles of mean amplitude of lateral mean and antero posterior oscillation, and mean amplitude of relative trunk rotation, and were performed using three inertial sensors, model BTS G-sensor. One sensor was positioned on the back of the horse, one in the lumbar spine (L5) and the other in the thoracic (T5) of the children. Different riding situations were evaluated by varying the mount materials (saddle and blanket) and hand positions with support on the handles or on the thighs and feet with support on the stirrups or feet off the stirrups. The collections were performed in a previously determined area with asphalt surface, without obstacles, with controlled horse displacement speed. The results showed that the saddle mount material associated with the variation of the positioning of the hands supported on the handle and feet with support in the stirrup provided significant change in the measurement angles of postural control in the vertical direction (phi)- mediolateral. The variation of the positioning of the hands with support on the hand straps with support on the thighs and feet positioned in the stirrup also determined a significant change in the mean amplitude of ML oscillation. Through this study, it is indicating that the body material in the condition of supported hands and feet promoted a greater demand for postural control reflected in the angular values of mean amplitude of oscillation and mean amplitude of relative trunk rotation of the children analyzed. The change in positioning of the hands supported by the straps or thighs influenced differently in postural control, as well as the positioning of the feet supported by the stirrups determined greater recruitment of postural control.

This work comprises a bibliographical research in books and scientific articles dealing with the theme geometric transformations isometry - reflection, translation and rotation - and homothety. It has for aim to present a study on these themes, showing definitions and properties, as well as the use of these concepts in solving geometric problems, especially geometric constructions. In this work, the GeoGebra software was used to construct the figures and it is also made a report detailing how some problems of geometric constructions were solved with the help of this software. Finally, activities with manipulable materials are presented, like for example folding, involving the theme geometric transformations that can be used in classroom with elementary school students. It is hoped that this work can serve as a source of research on issues involving the topics mentioned, focusing mainly on student motivation, teaching and learning with the possible use of technologies digital, allowing the student to interpret, to experiment, to visualize, to conjecture and to generalize in the perspective of a more pleasant and inspiring learning.

The detailed study of the Antarctic soils is considered one of the priorities in this region, being fundamental for a better understanding of the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and analysis of the possible effects of climate change. Understanding the mechanical behavior of the soil in relation to freezing and thawing cycles, which are increasingly frequent due to an increase in global temperature, is considered a key to understanding the effects of global warming. This research quantitatively evaluates the effect of freezing and thawing variations on the rheological properties of four soils in the marine Antarctica. In a rotating rheometer, the effect of one, five and nine freeze-thaw cycles was evaluated compared to soil without freezing, using the amplitude sweep test. We determined the rheological parameters strain in the linear viscoelastic interval (γLVE), shear stress at the end of the linear viscoelastic interval (τLVE), maximum shear stress (τmax), deformation at yield point (γYP), and storage and loss point flow modules (G’G” YP). The freeze-thaw cycles influenced the rheological properties of the soil. There was both an increase and decrease of the strain at the end of the linear viscoelastic interval (γLVE) and at the yield point (γYP), with differences between the sampled locations. The resistance and elasticity of the Antarctic microstructure show great variation between the types of soils, but a pattern of behavior was not found for the evaluated characteristics, where soils with different texture behaved similarly in some rheological properties.

The addition of vermicompost and the mycorrhization of plants can significantly increase the efficiency of phytoremediation in sandy soils of vineyards contaminated by copper (Cu). Vermicomposting time alters chemical, physical and biological properties of the vermicompost and these can affect its efficiency as a mitigating agent in phytoremediation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction between vermicompost with different maturation times and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus in the phytoremediation of Cu by Canavalia ensiformis in a sandy vineyard soil contaminated with this metal. The soil was contaminated in the laboratory with 100 mg kg-1 of Cu. The soil was added with mineral fertilizer (MIN), cattle manure (CM), low (LMV) and high maturation (HMV) vermicompost, corresponding to 40 mg kg-1 of phosphorus (P) via vermicompost, with and without inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoglomus clarum. The plant C. ensiformis was cultivated in a greenhouse, and at flowering the biomass and concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mn, Ca, Mg, P and K in the soil, in the soil solution and in the plant tissue were determined, in addition to the photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress enzyme activity. The addition of the three organic fertilizers increased the production of root and shoot dry mass of the plant. Inoculation with AMF increased the production of dry mass of roots and nodules in treatments with organic fertilizers, increasing the amount of Cu accumulated per pot and the efficiency of phytostabilization. The addition of VAM, in particular, increased the absorption of Cu by the plant in addition to mitigating the toxic effects of the metal in mycorrhizal plants. The combined use of organic fertilizers and AMF is a strategy to increase the phytostabilization of Cu by C. ensiformis in sandy soil.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This study has the folloing objectives: (i) to identify the carotenoid profile of these three species of microalgae: Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus and Aphanotece microscopica Nägeli; (ii) to quantify the carotenoids of those three microalgae species; (iii) to evaluate the antioxidant activity of carotenoid extracts obtained from microalgal biomasses; (iv) to identify the carotenoid profile of the microalga extract with the highest antioxidant potential at different culture times and (v) to quantify the carotenoids of the microalgae extracts with higher antioxidant potential at different culture times. The obtained results have showed that the three species of microalgae have presented the capacity to produce a significant carotenoid content under photoautotrophic conditions, indicating their potential as a renewable source of these pigments. These extracts have proved to be a potent peroxil radical scavenger. The highest antioxidant activity has been noticed in the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, favored by its carotenoid profile, which contains a large number of conjugated double bonds. It is important to emphasize that this has been the first research related to the carotenoid profile and the Scenedesmus obliquus and Aphanotece microscopica Nägeli antioxidant capacity. The study has also showed that the cultivation time may be important to define in which phase one can accumulate specific carotenoids, and predict the performance and the optimization of operating conditions. The results achieved from this study in the sense that microalgae must be considered a potential feedstock to a great diversity of natural carotenoids production.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

In the contemporary world, the growing global demand for energy, the reduction of non-renewable energy resources and the concern with the quality of the environment are noticeable. It is well known that the demand for hydrocarbons, which are the most energy source used today, exceeds the reserves forecast for the next decades. Furthermore, the environmental impact that their utilization has caused is responsible for global warming, destruction of the ozone layer, and disappearance of ecological systems in what some people call the sixth massive extinction. Thus, Bio-hydrogen (Bio-H2) can facilitate the decarbonization of certain carbon-emitting activities, as it is produced via dark fermentation, which is considered more viable, ecological and sustainable since it does not require an external energy source. Several types of lignocellulosic biomass can be used as a carbon source by microorganisms producing hydrogen (H2). In this sense, the objective of this work is to use rice husk (RH) and evaluate the production of H2 via the dark fermentation process under different types of inoculums. RH was characterized, prepared and submitted to the acid hydrolysis process with different concentrations of sulfuric acid and evaluated was performed based on the content of total sugars (TS) and at various concentrations of inhibitors. The selected hydrolyzate was then used as a substrate in the dark fermentation process, using two different types of sludge, anaerobic sludge granulation (ASG) and septic tank sludge (STS). The dark fermentation tests were carried out in a reactor with a substrate/inoculum ratio of 9 in the middle-temperature range of 35.8°C and neutral initial pH (6.5 - 7) and monitored for a period of 29 ± 1h approximately. The experimental condition that showed the highest total sugar recovery was the acid pretreatment to 1% v/v H2SO4. The recovery of TS in this condition was 201g kg RH-1, and inhibitor concentrations were less than the limit of quantification of 0.005 g L-1 for Furfural and 0.0005 g L-1 for 5-HMF, and the production and maximum yield of Bio-H2 were 5.37mL g RH-1 and 0.179 mL H2 h-1 g RH-1, respectively. Finally, it is concluded that the hydrolysate (1% v/v H2SO4) as substrate and ASG as inoculum exhibited adequate properties for the generation of Bio-H2 via the dark fermentation method, yielding promising results when compared to the literature.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This research is in Research Line II: Pedagogical Management and educational contexts, of the Professional Master's Degree in Public Policy and Educational Management at the Federal University of Santa Maria. The dissertation theme proposed, Knowledge necessary for the understanding and implementation of Law n°11.645/08 in the context of municipal public education in São Pedro do Sul, mobilizing researcher, educator and councilor, culminating with the writing and proposal of a draft of a Project of Law to be presented to the Municipal Legislative Power, so that it becomes public policy, supplying the need for contemplation, compliance and implementation. This is a Qualitative Case Study (CRESWELL, 2010; MOREIRA, 2004; SAMPAIO, 2007; NUNES, 2019; CECHINEL et al., 2016; MAINARDES; CARVALHO, 2019). The development stages involved a systematic literature review, document analysis of public policies and organic laws and a request for information to the legislature, to obtain the necessary information to analyze, compare and understand the gaps that inhibit or minimize the implementation of mandatory teaching of Afro-Brazilian and indigenous history and cultures in municipal public schools. Faced with the recognition of the problems and gaps that exist in the studied context, the product of the dissertation is the Bill, at the municipal level, promoting the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and Indigenous culture and history, expressed with responsibility, aiming at the possibility of full insertion in the school context in São Pedro do Sul, RS.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

The general objective of this research was to elaborate and implement a plan focused on students with intellectual disabilities in Professsional and Technological Education, in order to improve the social relationships of these students in virtual environments, as well as to evaluate the effects of implementing this plan on the academic formation of the subject. Four students with intellectual disabilities from Professional and Technological Education participated in the research, their families and undergraduate students from the Special Education course, who were identified as academic facilitators. The study took place in the municipality of Santa Maria, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in one of the teaching units of the Federal University of Santa Maria, which promotes and teaches basic education, initial and continuing education, high school technical professional education and technological professional education. For reasons of the pandemic moment, the survey was carried out entirely in a virtual way, using online resources, such as the Google Meet and Whatsapp platform. To obtain the data, the following instruments were used: Support Intensity Scale (SIS) and the registration in the field diary. A quantitative analysis was carried out for both instruments, helping to build an intervention plan for students with disabilities. The observation protocol was also applied in the activities mediated by the academic facilitators and, finally, the social validity questionnaire with family members and guardians. Online meetings were held in 2020, through the Google Meet platform. The meetings took place weekly, with the students, the academic facilitators and the researcher, where we implemented the intervention plan with the student. In these meetings, we seek to clarify doubts regarding the current context and the guidelines on the changes occurred in the academic calendar. Discussions of the results were based on the analysis of the instruments applied. It is possible to identify the performance of the protagonists as satisfactory at all stages of the research, as well as highlighting new learning possibilities for students with intellectual disabilities in the virtual environment.

The present study aims to propose an evaluation model of the actions developed by student assistance at the Federal University of Santa Maria. To this end, it began with a theoretical contextualization about public policies, the cycle for their formulation, evaluation, after presenting higher education in Brazil, public policies in higher education and detailing the National Student Plan - PNAES, ending with the presentation of service evaluation models, as well as existing models for evaluating the PNAES. The research was classified as descriptive, with a quantitative approach and as a case study, first to build the quantitative research instrument was conducted a survey and presentation of student assistance actions at the university object of study, it is observed that the actions cover virtually all areas of PNAES, Then, based on them and on the evaluation models of services and PNAES, a questionnaire was prepared for data collection, the collection took place between November 2021 and January 2022, and was answered by 362 undergraduate students who had enrollment and BSE approved by the end of 2019. With the data collected, descriptive and factorial analyses were performed, as well as mean comparison tests. The factorial analysis highlights that in all blocks, questions were excluded and the number of factors decreased because the initial structure changed and/or the factor received questions from other factors that ended up being extinct, The only factor that kept the original structure in all blocks was the one that evaluated the objectives of PNAES, and this same factor has a positive assessment in all actions and also has questions with the highest averages in the blocks that evaluated the scholarships and/or grants, RU and CEU, indicating that in the students' perception the actions are achieving the program objectives. In general, students have a good perception regarding the quality of student assistance actions at the university, and the main findings of the mean tests was the difference of satisfaction in some factors of the blocks that evaluated the RU, CEU, administrative sectors and scholarships / grants as the per capita income of the student's family group, where students with lower income are less satisfied than those with higher income, There are also differences regarding the scores of students in the factors in the blocks Health and CEU where students with higher averages are more satisfied than those with lower, it is noteworthy that these comparisons when used in the future in the application of evaluation instruments may assist managers in improving and adapting the actions of student assistance.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES