Repositório RCAAP

The value problem is the problem that arises from the following reasoning: if both the knowledge and mere true belief are equally useful, then for what reason knowledge is more valuable than mere true belief. Despite being formulated initially in Plato’s Meno dialogue, the value problem seems to have received little attention since. In contemporary epistemology, the value problem became central, requiring that any good theory of knowledge should be able to explain the value of knowledge in order to be a good theory of knowledge. Recently, new demands to the value of problem arise, demanding that it should be explained not only the reason why knowledge is more valuable, but also the reason why knowledge has final value. In this paper, two answers to the value problem that have been made recently are analyzed, namely the reliabilist solution and the virtue epistemology solution, and I will conclude that both solutions fail to explain the final value of knowledge.

The validity of a qualitative research is given in function of the same one to guarantee that the researcher reaches the one that it was proposed to unveil. The present stude shows the validation process of the instruments used in a qualitative research in the area of Physical Education. The process took place in two moments; content validation and pre-test. The validated instruments were a questionnaire and focus group scripts. Five judges on the subject were invited to evaluate the content of the instruments, after which the pre-test was carried out with six participants. The proposed changes were from the creation of a questionnaire specific to the students, to the rewriting of some statements, and modification in the structure of the instruments. In this way, the validation is indeed important, and the accomplishment of more than one technique guarantees better reach of the possibilities.

This article focuses on the video animation “This is how to be a child”, of Bita’s World, available on the social network Youtube™. The main objective of the study is the analysis, based on this animation, of the role of make-believe type of games on children creations. Creativity, playful activities use and cultural production are some of the traces presented  by child chacaracters in the referred  video and leads teachers to  rethink their pedagogical practices in order to value children´s protagonism in their classes. The analysis´s process uses the semiotic method proposed by Charles Sanders Peirce and, according to Children´s Sociology and Everyday´s Syudies theories, to interpret the signs and reveal  the occult meanings proposed by the authors of this audiovisual material.

A Arte trágica no imaginário de Desterro

This study is aimed at one of the most problematic issues not only of Administrative Law, but of Law as a whole, which is the conceptualization and operability of the discretionary judgment. It seeks to explain how discretion, in spite of the centrality of its importance, is a misunderstood notion and that presents different and divergent conceptions. The examination of the objectin question reveals theoretical confusions and contradictions, which therefore requires an effort for the sake of clarification and terminological accuracy and definition. This article takes as investigative field, above all, the Brazilian administrative doctrine.

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Resenha do livro 1913 – Antes da tempestade, de Florian Illies. 1. ed. Trad. Silvia Bittencourt. São Paulo: Estação Liberdade, 2016.

The limits and the relation of the medical system to that of health are a subject for discussion in systems theory, considering that Luhmann addressed only the medical system. The function of the medical system is linked to healing, to the treatment of diseases. The health system is still under construction. Thus, the objective is to analyze and understand the operability of the code of the medical system, as well as to observe, from the theory itself, the relation of prevention with the medical system and its relationship with the health system. The method of analysis will be systemic.

Esta resenha tem o objetivo de apresentar o livro Brouillons d’un Baiser. Premiers pas vers Finnegans Wake. A edição traz cinco manuscritos, entre eles os primeiros escritos que deram início a escrita do Finnegans Wake de James Joyce. A edição que foi publicada em 2014 trouxe consigo a promessa de reestabelecer o elo perdido entre Ulysses e Finnegans Wake. A edição foi reunida e apresentada pelo crítico literário Daniel Ferrer, e prefaciada pela escritora Marie Darrieussecq, que também foi convidada a realizar a tradução dos manuscritos para a língua francesa. 

The present study aimed to identify the dispersal agents of Psychotria nuda in an Atlantic Forest fragment and to estimate the population density of this species. The study area comprises an ombrophilous forest fragment at an intermediate regeneration stage. The population density was estimated in a 1 ha area. The species distribution pattern was determined using the Morisita index. Twenty adult individuals were observed to determine the dispersers and ten more were studied to evaluate the efficacy of the dispersal type by marking fruits and installing collecting nets. In the 1 ha area, 1,131 individuals were recorded. The Morisita index found a population of 1,317, indicating an aggregate distribution pattern. The results obtained for dispersal showed that barochory is more frequent then zoochory. Only Tachyphonus coronatus (ruby-crowned tanager) was recorded as a bird that disperses P. nuda. It is concluded that the aggregate distribution pattern found may be related to the absence of an efficient dispersal agent compared to barochory, which justifies the pattern. In population terms, P. nuda presents a balanced rate between recruitment and death of individuals, guaranteeing the occurrence of this species in the forest fragment. 

The essay proposes reflections on the strategies used by Funakoshi to modernize karate in the Meiji era. The results show that by shifting the sense of karate practice to adjust it to Western values, the Master abdicated the traditional sense of budo to invest in a path of formation where symbolic death emerges as a priority. This contributed to accelerate the deconstruction of the image of the royal samurai and bushido in modernity. Funakoshi guaranteed the survival of the martial art, but opened the way for the emergence of mitigated ethics and unconventional practices in karate.

In the light of the imagery associated with Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot, in set designs, posters and book covers, the present article examines Tom Phillips’s  illustrations for the Folio Society edition of Waiting for Godot (2000). Considering that Phillips’s images embody a particular style in form and structure, functioning as pictorial elements recalling contexts, images and relations, we propose that the artist predicates his work on the premise that readers will have had previous contact with the play either in performance or as a text.

Published in 2015 by Cosac Naify, Leonardo Fróes’s translation of Charles Perrault’s work Tales of Mother Goose presents to the Brazilian public reader some of the most known stories of children’s literature. In this interview with the poet and translator Leonardo Fróes, the aim is to know his work, his understanding about Perrault’s work and his proposals and strategies concerning translation, especially in relation to the tales written by the French author of the XVII century. One characteristic that distinguishes Perrault’s tales from others fairy tales is the morality in verse at the end of the story told in prose. Presenting an integral translation of Perrault’s tales, Leonardo Fróes maintains the moralities in verse, a tendency that can be seen in new Brazilian rewritings of the work of Perrault.

Studies show that bilingual speakers can change their voices when they speak an L2 compared to their L1. It remains to be seen whether these differences are perceived by listeners. Thus, the present study addresses the perception of voice quality by Brazilian bilingual listeners in Brazilian Portuguese (PB) and English (IN)  speech samples produced by  Brazilian bilingual speakers. This objective was reached by means of a discrimination test of the PB and IN voices of the same speaker. The listeners judged whether the voices were the same or different, describing their characteristics if they were different. The results pointed to certain variability in the judgments, but also showed that listeners are able to identify differences in pitch and intensity between languages, as well as attribute personality and emotion characteristics to speech in both languages.  

This text is the result of a dissertation and seeks to communicate the findings related to the following specific objectives: a) understand that knowledge is part of Physical Education (EFI) in the final years of elementary school and what places it occupies in curricular construction; b) understand the tensions involved in the school and EFI curriculum building process. The curricular construction of the school and EFI is constituted by movements of return, contour and deviation. The knowledges that integrate this construction are of two orders, of personal formation and of academic formation, and are developed through traditional practices / reproducers, but also through practices that break this logic. This concomitant presence of different practices and orientations occurs due to conflicts of ideas / perspectives that permeate the school, but these conflicts are also producers of this curricular construction, as well as the time, which presents itself as a significant element in this process.

A CELESC e a energia elétrica em Joinvile

The present article analyzes how a famous clash of Criminal Science (late nineteenth and first half of XX), the dispute between Classical School and Positive School, will be reproduced in the brasilian scenario, from two great jurists, references in the period and Criminal Law professors at Law Schools in that period: Moniz Sodré and Filinto Bastos. The first, promoter and confessed adept of the Positive School, while the second will defend and assume the Classical School postulates. From opposite sides in this Criminal Science “dispute”, both, however, declared themselves liberal. Contradiction? The methodology chosen is the theoretical-exploratory of the available and raised literature.

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Spanish/Catalan learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) attended a formal instruction (FI) period combined with explicit pronunciation instruction, which consisted of theoretical and practical approaches to English segmental phonetics as well as a contrastive analysis between the participants’ first languages and the target language, English. The EFL learners’ ability to perceive and produce L2 vowels was assessed before and after the 8-week instructional treatment. Results show that the EFL learners significantly improved their perception of vowel sounds embedded in real and non-words. However, no improvement in production was found as a result of the instruction received. While these results suggest that learners’ perceptual skills can be improved with teacher-led instruction, the quantity and availability of explicit pronunciation instruction is not sufficient to modify learners’ speech production. Thus, optimal results require learners to continue learning outside the classroom context. With this aim, this paper presents two autonomous activities developed to increase learners’ awareness about phonology: L1-L2 Pronunciation Comparison Task and a Phonological Self-awareness Questionnaire.