Repositório RCAAP

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Larvae of Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae (Diptera) infest fruits of several plant species. The objective of this study was to identify the species of these families, their host plants and parasitoids in a mixed orchard in Belém, Pará in the eastern Amazon region. Samples of fruits of different plant species were collected every 30 days, from November 2017 to May 2018. A total of 109 fruit samples (2,355 fruits, 51.7 kg) were collected from 21 plant species (8 native and 13 introduced) from 9 botanical families. There were infestations by frugivorous larvae in 63 samples (11 species of 6 botanical families). Specimens were obtained from six species of Tephritidae, three species of Lonchaeidae and five species of Braconidae parasitoids. Spondias mombin had the highest infestation index, showing the highest rate of parasitism. In this work, we found new associations between species of Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae and host plants.

In this article, we present the Systemic Philosophy of Fritjof Capra. From his work it is possible to distinguish the existence of two paradigms (understood as philosophical frameworks) in the development of modern science: the mechanistic paradigm, inspired by Classical Physics, and the new paradigm, articulated from Modern Physics. According to Capra, the new paradigm deals better with the complex problems of the contemporary world. To introduce this subject, we present a discussion of Capra's view of the nature of science, of the Philosophy of Classical Physics and of the Philosophy of Modern Physics and its repercussions in different cultural contexts. Finally, we propose an extrapolation of Capra's thinking, indicating possible implications of his work for Science Education, Physics Teaching and their respective areas of research.

In order to understand how the concept of sustainable development was incorporated into public policies for the management of natural resources for energy generation, let’s take water as an example and analyze the issue based on the discussion on public and private conception of governance as the action of the state in the elaboration of public policies. The space and time of the analysis is Brazil, after the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio 92, characterized by the neoliberal reform initiated by Fernando Collor de Mello and the resumption of the creation of state-owned companies dealing with the use of natural resources in Brazil, interacting with the market during Luís Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff’s government. The creation of a contemporary institutional structure in accordance with the principles of sustainable development has brought with it the problem of a change in the perception of the value of water use and exchange, in which the issue of access, considering a relation between unequal, present in state management, and between equals, in Civil society participates in the redefinitions that occurred since 1992, when the concept was spread. The concept of sustainable development is inseparable from the problem of the use of natural resources, which position, either towards the market or the state, oscillates between and within state actions with regard to its position as an economic agent.

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Pierre Bourdieu is an important theoretical reference for the sociocultural research of sport. The purpose of this article is to analyze the process of sportivization of surfing and to identify from Bourdieu’s perspective some socio cultural dimensions for advance surf research, based on the concepts as social field and habitus. We discuss the process of constitution the surf as a modern sport. The analysis also evidences disputes over capital and the Brazilian insertion in the international competition scenario, as well as issues related to sport spectacle and its relationship with the consumer market. There are contradictions related to the professionalization of sport, commercial interests and the ideals of freedom and pleasure present in surfing.

The apps have become central tools in contemporary interactions, manufacturing various types of consumption, including consumption of affects. Despite the growth of the love market, via algorithms, I argue that these do not make magic by itself. Based on empirical research with single women aged 35-47, I seek to demonstrate that the romantic love culture supports the apps market. The research featured an ethnography in the Tinder apps, with the completion of an online course that seeks to professionalize flirting and participant observation on a closed Facebook page. The results indicate that the “formula of love”, created by mathematicians and inserted in smartphones, does not exist in a social vacuum; the belief in romantic love and the illusio in marriage as an idea of happiness, help, in dialogue with the self-help market, to sustain the market of virtual affection. Its theoretical inspiration is insights from the economic sociology and concepts of Pierre Bourdieu.

This article proposes a confrontation with the contemporary debate, in the sense that it focuses on the cultural and transnational dimensions of the devices. By mapping the main theoretical conceptions about “truth effect” and performativity, a front is introduced that seeks answers to the technological domination, or, in other words, the socio-technique of devices in modernity. The importance of the state is undeniable. By inducing markets into the use of metrics and devices, given their regulatory role, states become targets of their own devices. Finally, a brief contextual picture of the implications of devices is presented – it is nothing less than a reflection on the stratifying effects of economic classifications, on classification situations that that try to retain and dominate the state acting as “multiple hands” that even shape opportunities for the future and life of people.

In this article, I propose to discuss the legal interpretation between sign languages and spoken languages under the historical, sociological, political and vocational training aspects. From this perspective, this work is characterized as an exploratory research, by which the state of art of this specialty is established. From legal texts and training projects, which are discussed and interpreted based on the arguments of authors such as Santos (2016); Santos and Francisco (2018); Russell (b); Roberson, Russell and Shaw (2011), it is possible to list the needs and difficulties that must be overcome by appropriate translation policies and language policies. It is then concluded that it is essential: (i) to repair the inconsistencies found in legal documents; (ii) to create translation policies together with the professionals, deaf agents and entities that represent them; (iii) to promote professionalism in order to respond to the needs and difficulties encountered in the practice of interpreters. This work thus reinforces other discourses and efforts that have been made in this area, adding information to the construction of a curricular design that contemplates the specificities of this specialization, so that the professional acquires the confidence and competences to carry out a work capable of promoting social justice and linguistic rights.

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Em Trabalho e proletariado no Capitalismo Contemporâneo, Sérgio Lessa parte da conceituação de trabalho em geral de Marx, para definir o proletariado como a classe que tem por função transformar a natureza nos bens necessários à reprodução material do “mundo dos homens”. Assim, segundo este, o proletariado de Marx refere-se apenas aos trabalhadores manuais, ou mais precisamente, aos operários do campo e da cidade. Mas seria precisamente assim para Marx? Está correto Lessa ao propor, a partir de uma leitura imanente do Livro I de O Capital, esta definição de proletariado? Marx, de fato, restringiria o proletariado aos trabalhadores manuais, e assim excluindo os demais assalariados, como, por exemplo, os trabalhadores do comércio e o trabalho intelectual (mesmo quando este está inserido no trabalhador coletivo)? Percebe-se facilmente que Lessa entende o fenômeno das classes sociais como produto da divisão social do trabalho, que opõe “como inimigos”, o trabalho manual ao trabalho intelectual. Para Marx, segundo Lessa, seria a posição e a função do individuo na estrutura produtiva que definiria o pertencimento a uma determinada classe social. Mas também não seria possível argumentar que o mesmo Marx do Livro I de O Capital, sobretudo a partir do capítulo dedicado à acumulação primitiva, entende as classes sociais como produto das condições sociais de propriedade ou não dos meios de produção e/ou de vida? São estas condições que fundam as relações capitalistas de produção e que permitem o funcionamento do modo de produção que delas emana, e, assim, não seriam elas que definiriam, inclusive, a posição que os agentes sociais ocuparão na estrutura produtiva? Não seria o proletariado de Marx, senão a classe que, não possuindo os meios de vida e de produção, tem de vender sua força de trabalho aos possuidores destes meios? Por que excluir todos os assalariados que, mesmo não convertendo a natureza nos meios materiais de vida, não deixam de ser funcionais à acumulação de capital? O texto proposto tem por finalidade analisar criticamente a leitura de Marx defendida por Sérgio Lessa, verificando seus limites e possibilidades para nosso entendimento do que sejam as classes sociais no capitalismo contemporâneo.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the historical changes in the practice of Medicine in Brazil, starting in the Colonial times, until the beginning of the XXth century. We can state that colonial medicine was developed without many resources and without much credibility among the country’s population. During the Brazilian monarchy that situation has changed and, after the beginning of the XXth century, the medical practice was already divided into several medical specialities and the mission of its practitioners become the own regeneration of the human race.