Repositório RCAAP

O presente artigo objetiva analisar a chamada “Campanha de Nacionalização” imposta pelo Governo de Vargas durante o Estado Novo. Entendia o Estado Brasileiro que faria parte deste processo de nacionalização o “abrasileiramento” de todos os imigrantes e seus descendentes que viviam em solo brasileiro, sendo que, além de falar a língua nativa, preferencialmente deveriam seguir como confissão de fé o Catolicismo. Neste sentido, em especial, foram atingidos os grupos protestantes, entre eles os luteranos, visto que,por utilizarem em seus ritos religiosos basicamente a língua alemã, poderiam ser considerados “dissidentes religiosos” em solo brasileiro. Desta forma, o artigo busca compreender como o processo de Nacionalização ocorreu para com os protestantes luteranos, a importância que o Catolicismo adquiria como uma espécie de fomentador da identidade nacional e de que forma um dos sínodos luteranos no Brasil, o Sínodo de Missouri, percebia a possível ligação entre o Estado Brasileiro e o Catolicismo Romano quando da perspectiva do Nacionalismo que se desejava impor.

Este artigo procura estabelecer a relação entre mitologia política, através da construção de Getúlio Vargas como o “pai dos pobres”, a questão da construção e solidificação da memória de determinado regime político, bem como a construção retórica por parte da política estado-novista em relação à família. Para isto, na primeira parte deste artigo se aborda o modo como o Estado Novo interferiu na família através de uma concepção pública, ou materializada, demonstrando ações efetivas do Estado em relação à família, notadamente através de políticas públicas que buscaram transformar a força de trabalho. Em um segundo momento, busca-se complementar este movimento, abordando modos em que o Estado Novo utilizou-se de uma ideia privada de família, ao se utilizar desta para a retórica política de união nacional através do trabalho, do mesmo modo que para a coação de setores sociais. Por fim, como se construiu, durante o Estado Novo, a mitologia política de Vargas como o “pai dos pobres” e qual o resultado disto no que se refere a construção de memória.

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Partindo de análise de relatórios presidenciais da província do Espírito Santo na primeira metade dos oitocentos e dos resultados de pesquisas desenvolvidas no programa de pós-graduação de História da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a construção do discurso de pobreza tão usado nos relatórios presidenciais provinciais buscando as razões para sua sedimentação e trazendo evidências que possam nos permitir compreender sua economia para além da teoria dos “Ciclos Econômicos” tão em voga até a primeira metade do século XX. No entanto, ao proceder as análises, o que se depreende dos relatórios provinciais, tal qual as demais províncias é que a província do Espírito Santo não era tão pobre quanto se alegava, mas como qualquer outra província, dependia da força política do presidente do momento. Fundamentado na História Regional, este artigo buscará mostrar que é possível desconstruir o discurso de pobreza por tanto tempo sustentado na História capixaba.

Apresentação da Edição 2017/1.

In the article in vogue, we will try to map the contribution of the Theory of History of the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen (1808-1884) in the process of scientific history in the Nineteenth Century, as well as reflect on its current importance in historical studies. In order to do so, we preliminarily undertake an analysis of what he conceives as History, Historical Method and Theory of History task. Next, we try to demonstrate the way in which he proposes to constitute the historiographic operation, composed by the Methodical, Systematic and Topical. Finally, we seek to make final remarks about Droysen’s actual contribution to the debate on the office of the historian in the current conjuncture of Reflective Modernity.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the view of the Italian Angelo Agostini when considering the hypothesis of Chinese immigration. Even knowing that the use of Chinese labor had been successful in countries like Cuba, the United States, and Peru, it was still a hindrance here. Although few Chinese came to our country, this acceptance took place with a curious fact: it was accepted only on a transitional basis, that is, after years of work, the emigrant of the Celestial Empire, had to return home. This transitory character seems to have calmed the nerves of an elite that had as objective to obtain cheap and white labor because it avoided that they remained in Brazil. This characteristic of elites has been reproduced and has been the subject of discriminatory views. In order to try to understand how the Illustrada Magazine, printed means of communication in the period, as sources for the analysis of the question, we will use the cartoons published in it. From then on, we will have a concise basis for analyzing the artist’s cartoons under the prism of Asian immigration.

Apresentação da edição 2017/2.

Apresentação Dossiê: O Governo Vargas e os 80 anos do Estado Novo

Após a independência de Moçambique em 1975 Samora Machel tornou-se o primeiro presidente do país. Ele foi responsável por criar um regime autoritário que visava a construção nacional como maior prioridade. Foi nesse sentido que construiu o projeto do “Homem Novo”, que visava promover uma sociedade que unisse os valores do marxismo-leninismo com o combate aos valores tradicionais presentes naquele contexto. O Instituto Nacional de Cinema foi criado nesse período como forma de difundir esses valores que eram almejados pelo poder político. Foi esse o contexto de produção do cinejornal Kuxa Kanema, que tinha então entre seus objetivos promover uma narrativa a respeito de Samora Machel como forma associá-lo a eles. Nesse sentido, criou-se a imagem dele como um político carismático, popular, que se destacava como um legítimo marxista e com uma inquestionável liderança no cenário internacional. Mais que isso, ele se destaca como um líder profético, que guia o povo pelos caminhos que estão por vir, associado a figura do mito do salvador apontada por Girardet (1987). 

I Encontro de Pesquisas Históricas - PUCRS (EPHIS).

Historians, over the decades, have focused on the theme of English presence in Brazil and its role in eradicating the slave trade for the empire. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the conflicts between the English merchants and the British diplomacy about the problem of the Slave Trade, pointing out ways for a more meticulous and critical analysis about the idea of a unified England against the trade in African slaves. This paper consists of four parts. The first one will be a historical contextualization of the operation of England in imperial Brazil, presenting a plethora of academic works about the main theme and showing if they were successful or not on solving the question of the presence of British subjects in Brazil. In the second one will be a demonstration of an example of documentary source that deals with the subject in question. In the third one, theoretical-methodological ways of analysis the disputes of power between English subjects in Brazil will be pointed out for a better analysis of powerdisputes between Englishmen in Brazil, as well as more documentary sources. And, at last, the final part will serve as an attempt of conclusion and harmonization of all the things that were presented in the article.

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Based on the analysis of questions about Brazil’s History presented in different editions of the Brazilian High School National Exam (Enem), this paper aims to discuss how temporal perceptions and the construction of historical time in these questions were approached. It seeks to assess both the construction of past senses, attributed to certain historical events and the possible relations to the present, in which the historical subject acts and it is created a horizon of future expectation. It also discusses the construction of the questions based on the skills and abilities which guide the exam and the interdisciplinary nature of the test. The analyses focused on the tests of “Human Sciences and its Technologies,” an area of knowledge that includes the evaluation of skills and abilities relevant to historical knowledge articulated to other disciplines, such as Sociology, Philosophy, and Geography.

this article aims to study the description of the Japanese’s liberal and manual arts in the 16th century through the book Nihon kyôkaishi written by the Jesuit and interpreter João Rodrigues Tçuzu. In the end, we seek to present how these technical and cultural elements contributed to the Japanese’s image as a “civilized and advanced nation” across the Lusitanian documents sent to Europe. Therefore, we will study the Japanese historical background and the classifications of the liberal and manual arts, especially concerning to the painting, sculpture, metallurgy, writing, and printing.

The Defense Council of Human Person Rights (CDDPH) installment occurred in 1968, by the president Costa e Silva, and it had as an objective to open up a space of dialogue and verification of Human Rights violations. This institutional space was requested by the opposition and a portion of society as a legitimate place for denouncing the crimes perpetuated by the institutional repressive apparatus of the civic-military dictatorship. In the Council installment ceremony, the president and the minister of justice, Gama e Silva, made speeches regarding Human Rights defense and the characterization, through the CDDPH opening, of the regime as democratic, constitutional and in accord with the rule of law. For this reason, the present essay seeks to outline the concepts behind these elements and to demonstrate how they were engaged to legitimate as democratic, an authoritarian order. In this way, highlighting the significant aspect of the Brazilian dictatorship of maintaining, apparently, an institutional and constitutional normalization.

The present work has as an object of analysis the performance of the Sisters of Jesus in the Holy Eucharist in the Holy House of Mercy of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim – city located to the south of the state of Espirito Santo – between the years of 1929 to 1950. to discuss how the religious of the sick and their families introduced a model of care based on charity, welcoming all who depended on hospital assistance. The research aims to analyze how the changes caused by the  institutionalization of nursing came to the municipality and how they impacted on the day to day of the institution. It is also intended to understand how the power relations within the hospital have changed as the concept of caring present in the sisters’ daily practice is gradually being transformed by the presupposition of healing, practiced by medicine.

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this article aims to discuss some elements that marked the generation of American youth of the 1960s and early 1970s, which, after the end of World War II, experienced a period of political and social discontent that led to numerous conservative behaviors established so far. In this way, we will analyze the autobiographical and biographical works of musicians Marky Ramone and Joey Ramone in order to identify how young people before becoming world rockers faced the political and cultural dilemmas of the United States, such as the repulsion of war of Vietnam, the friction with the generation of his parents and the denial of the hippie movement. We will discuss that the emergence of the counterculture presented several aspects, and that, in contradiction of those who only wanted peace and love, on the other hand, there was something more aggressive in the urban suburbs, which later came to structure itself as the punk movement. All these elements permeate the uncertainties of the youth of our characters, who are the focus of the research, and that, with the use of biographical analysis as sources of historical research, we will explore the methodological possibilities of this theoretical field to consolidate the argumentation of this search.

The Federal Law No. 11.645/08 establishes the guidelines and bases of Brazilian education to include in the official curriculum of the education networks the subject matter “Afro-Brazilian and Indigenous History and Culture”. The present study investigates the implementation of Law no. 11645 in the state of Santa Catarina. We will analyze the representations of teachers of history of basic education in the region of Greater Florianópolis, about the law and teaching about indigenous history in non - indigenous schools. The aforementioned proposal is anchored in theoretical-methodological discussions from the perspective of the new indigenous history. Laws, publications of official printed materials and questionnaires filled out by teachers are used. The relevance of the work is to give visibility to the application of the said law regarding the inclusion of indigenous history in basic education.