Repositório RCAAP

In the last decades the development of new technologies has brought about a great advance in science. In geotechnologies, one of the biggest advances was the development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles that allow obtaining high quality data, with great potential for use in geomorphology. In this work, data obtained with aerial survey with UAV were used for the morphometric analysis of Voçoroca do Areal in Cacequi - RS. For this purpose, a flight was performed with a multirotor UAV, Phantom 4 at a flight height of 150m, afterwards the data were processed using the Structure from Motion algorithm. Afterwards, gully advance areas were classified and several morphometric parameters were calculated. The gully has different dynamics in different portions, having in the area upstream more extended and long areas of progress with smaller depths, in the central portion a large vertical development with a large eroded volume and in the downstream areas, with less intense advancement areas. Finally, the data obtained allowed the analysis of Voçoroca do Areal morphometry, providing data with extreme quality and accuracy. The use of these new geotechnologies still has a lot to contribute to the geomorphological analysis, mainly in the detailed mappings.

Brazilian environmental policies created at the end of the twentieth century have significantly influenced the management of natural resource in the country. They have made possible new types of environmental management and the creation of protected areas that are currently managed through governance devices involving the institutional sphere and local arrangements. The National System of Conservation Units, specifically, Marine Extractive Reserves, are key examples for thinking about how environmental governance, through new instruments, allows for innovative sustainable resource management, which is at once sustainable, equitable and shared. Based on this premise, this paper aims to analyze the community participation in the management of the fishing resources in the Soure Marine Extractive Reserve, Marajó (PA). To achieve this end, field researchs took place between 2015 and 2019 by using a case study methodological perspective and qualitative research methods, focused in geography. Moreover, I have applied semi structured interviews and participant observation with locals and Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation’s (ICMBio) staff and there was participation in the internal meetings of the locals and the Deliberative Council.

The notion of obsolescence as a subject of research opposes what is usually called Urban decay which is imprecise and doesn’t suit the process that leads to physical functional and economic decay of a built-up area. The concept of urban spatial obsolescence denies the notion of urban decay by taking in that this whole issue that imposes itself on the built-up areas of the city is socio-geographic. Obsolescence in the province of industry contrasts with the one in the urban dimension demonstrating that the process takes place in the interstices of the merchandised- geographicalspace production and reproduction contradictions.

This article approaches the expansion of sugarcane agribusiness in Goiás through the State’s action according to government policies such as the National Biofuels Policy – RenovaBio. To develop this research, we performed an analysis of the agribusiness concentration over the years and the RenovaBio legislation, as well as its effects on a possible new expansion. We concluded that the new policy for the state of sugarcane agribusiness, the RenovaBio, has the main purpose of encouraging the generation of biofuels in Brazil justified by the agreement established at the Paris Conference. In addition, by implementing the RenovaBio, the [ production of agrofuels (including ethanol) in Brazil tends to increase evidently leading to an enhanced productivity of sugarcane agribusiness through improved technology for the mechanization and genetics of sugarcane variety, which may intensify the expansion of sugarcane areas to the Southwest Micro-region of the state of Goiás in the remaining areas of Cerrado.

The research was based on the conceptions of the Monteiro Urban Climate System (1976) and sought to identify and map the urban heat islands in the city of Crato/ Ce in two seasonal periods of the year. For this, 10 experimental points were selected and distributed in neighborhoods in the urban area of the city and air temperature data was measured with thermohygrometers installed in meteorological shelters during the months of April (rainy month) and October (dry month). From the data collection, the predominant intensity category of the intra and interurban Heat Islands for the city of Crato was that of ‘Medium magnitude’. The time that occurs the greatest intensity of the heat island is in the afternoon, 14h, with values above 5ºC of difference from one place to another. The most densely occupied neighborhoods and with low vegetation cover had the highest temperature values, while those located closer to the slope of the plateau and with more dense vegetation, the milder temperatures occurred.

How to capture heritage in its essence? This was the initial question that we asked ourselves and which stimulated the explorations carried out in the city of São Cristóvão/SE (Brazil). In this way, we follow up with the proposal of a geographical poetics, based on a Bachelardian phenomenology and on the experience as an epistemological scale. In this sense, through the act of walking through the city, we became available for the local heritage to reveal itself. By alternating moments of movement and stillness, we maintained an attitude of providential serenity to let things appear as they are. We stopped looking for concepts and ways to only allow the heritage to come to us. We abandoned calculating and technical thinking for creative and poetic thinking. Thus, we ceased to ask for its meaning and went in search of the uncovered heritage full of meaning, to become part of it. A heritage that is revealed only when it is performed, not when it is withheld.

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Cities that polarize productive regions associated with agribusiness have gained prominence in Brazil’s urban network in the past three decades. The main objective of this article is to present some agribusiness cities, relating both its urban structuring and the socio-spatial dynamics, focusing on housing conditions. We defend four theses: first, globalized agribusiness worsens Brazil’s historic socio-spatial inequalities; second, agribusiness productive consumption and agro-industrial facilities are crucial for urban structuring in agribusiness cities; third, housing is a key variable for socio-spatial inequalities studies about urban space; forth, locational conditions of Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (PMCMV) social housing projects are a strong evidence of dissociation between public housing and urban policies. Our analysis object is a group of agribusiness cities spread over five Brazilian regions. The article has three leading questions: which elements stand out from urban structuring in those cities? How does housing take place by considering different space production agents? How have urban and housing policies been led in the past two decades? Then we develop our argumentation to support our theses.

The Buffer Zone has the function of creating a bulkhead in order to minimize negative anthropic effects imposed by the disorderly urban occupation, especially that already consolidated, on the protected areas. Urban Conservation Units need to be managed differently from rural protected areas. Thus, establishing a Buffer Zone in urban areas or metropolitan centers brings, as a main challenge, the mediation between ensuring the integrity of the objectives of the PA and, at the same time, offering environmental and social benefits, not only as regards the amenities provided by the proximity to natural elements. Thus, it is of utmost importance that a Buffer Zone of a Conservation Unit in an urban area be delimited considering, environmental, social, cultural and institutional criteria.

This article relates the process of accumulation by dispossession with the development of public transport networks, with Corredor Metropolitano Noroeste in Campinas metropolitan area (SP) as case study. In the plot of political intentions that orbit projects like that, there are those that are rent-seeking. Discourses of technocratic planning are supposed to be neutral and committed to the common good and, therefore, legitimate proposals for intervention in collective transport networks. Nevertheless, the viability of these transformations in the organization of the space is actually committed to speculative objectives. Surrounding the State, real estate and privatization of public properties hold the capacity for those proposals to advance or to fade away.

The present study aims to assess, for the period between 2008 and 2019, the burning regime in the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park (CVNP), Conservation Unit (CU) located in the state of Goiás that had its area expanded in this period. From images of Landsat and CBERS, fire scars were identified, vectorized, and analyzed for their location, size, and frequency. The current area of the CVNP burned about 542,113 hectares, i.e., more than 225% of the area of the CU. Approximately 76% of the scars were recorded in the expanded area of the Park, which had the highest participation of fires in 10 of the 11 years analyzed. It was possible to discriminate two burning regimes: one that covers the old limit of the Park, characterized by the low occurrence of fire, with the presence of features that resemble firebreaks and low frequency of fires; And another in the enlarged area, with a history of annual burning with values closer to the average, absence of linear scars and a maximum frequency of 10 occurrences. The unification of these panoramas in a single territory will require efforts to homogenize the regimes and may, associated with other actions, reduce the unpredictability of fires, and their impacts, legitimizing the role that CU have in the conservation and preservation of nature.

The sandization processes in the southwest of Rio Grande do Sul State are highly dynamic, sometimes through water action, sometimes due to winds action that remobilize sandy deposits in dry periods with no rain. Thus, both the excess and the absence of rain are fundamental for understanding this process. Based on this assumption, the present work aims to analyze the occurrence of droughts and dry periods considering a rainfall data series (1970-2015) collected in the Miracatu Creek Watershed, site where there is the largest extension of areas in the sandization process. Considering the methodology used to determine drought episodes (periods with more than 15 consecutives dry days), it was found that there were records in practically every year studied (except one). Monthly, the pyramidal distribution of episodes puts the May July quarter as the most favorable, although they can occur at any time of the year. However, the greater frequency of droughts in the 1970s reflects a long dry period, whose determination was possible based on the Standardized Precipitation Index.

The following work is the result of propositions about the dissertation research regarding to the trajectory of the Marcelinos, gang of cangaceiros, in the Chapada do Araripe, located in the region of Cariri, Ceará. The article deals with the concepts of place and memory to understand the cangaceiras experiences of the gang from their performance, giving the itineraries a place character which was configured through the experiences of the cangaceiro subject in the historical-cultural context. Narratives of subjects were used as aid, departing from the places where the gang operated, seeking to understand the representativeness of the geography of the Marcelinos’gang present in Cariri, Ceará.

Manaus is the largest Brazilian metropolis without clubs on the two main football national divisions. In this context, this arcticle aims at analysing the Amazonas football (Third) space sociospatial actors’ discourses on space and of space. Four managers and a coach from different clubs were interviewed. The interviews were analysed with Discourse Analysis. The highlighted aspects in the discoursive formation are: financial difficulties, devaluation of local football by the media and the fans (and big identification with Rio de Janeiro clubs) and sports and logistical difficulties attributed to being in Manaus/Amazonas (location and isolation). The discourses have revealed interviewers difficulties to act on space (conceived). Thus the discourses are fundamentally of space, therefore with strong symbolic load and strong territorial dimension.

Unemployment, informal employment, low pay and rising growth in rental prices for properties contribute to increasing the difficulties faced by families to maintain monthly rent payments, which impacts on the highest component of the housing deficit: extreme responsibility with payment of rent. In this context, this research seeks to evaluate and analyze the commitment of income with the payment of rent for families with earnings of up to three minimum wages living in 58 neighborhoods in the city of Vitória/ES. For this, household income data and minimum and maximum rent values for the neighborhoods surveyed were compared, having as reference the housing types of one bedroom and two bedrooms. the results demonstrate that low-income families, even in peripheral areas, cannot choose where and how to live, with neighborhoods and housing types that are inaccessible.

This research aims to identify and analyze the variation in surface temperatures in the municipality of Viana, Espírito Santo, Brazil, using Remote Sensing techniques, in two episodes, rainy and dry 2019, as well as to relate the temperature classes with the land use and cover and the terrain morphology. To this end, bibliographical surveys were made between books, theses, dissertations and scientific articles that discuss the main concepts treated here (Clima, Geographic Climatology, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems, etc.), acquisition of cartographic bases (vector and raster) for the preparation of maps and for the application of technical resources for geoprocessing satellite images. The results showed significant differences in the variation of higher temperatures in urban areas compared to areas of agriculture / pasture (8°C) and provided with forest cover (9.5°C) both in summer and in winter associated with different properties as to production, propagation and heat conservation in the environment.

In the countryside of Minas Gerais state (MG), the absolute growth in the period between 1991 and 2010 was of 371,82%, which is a bit higher than the National growth (309,41%). Such context raises questions about the forms of polarization and the students’ pendular fluxes between regional centres. In this article I evaluate these fluxes and the patterns of distribution of the networks of students’ pendular motion among the regional centres of the countryside of MG based on the data of the Demographic Census of 2010. I analysed students’ pendular movements from 22 centres located in the exact centre of the state, which I named “subregionals” for the purposes of this paper. My interpretation was built through the evaluation of the networks of spatial distribution compared with the measurement of the Average Weighed Distance (DMp in Portuguese) and with the Rate of Students’ Pendular Movements (RPe in Portuguese), which allowed me to distinguish between the students’ and workers’ movements. The results I obtained reveal the magnitude of the interregional movements and a higher spatial encompassment of the polarization of five regional centres, seats of Federal Universities. Fifteen municipalities have shown an RPe higher than 1, which means they present a prevalence of students’ pendularmovements, revealing the importance of the educational institutions’ role in the spatial dynamics of the population.

Why read Heidegger? Why can his thought, marked in an irremissible way by the rectorate during the Nazi government, be fruitful for 21st century geography, in its latent need for diversity and multiplicity? This paper’s argument starts from the discussion of his adherence to National Socialism, his expectations and frustration, identifying in this experience a decisive moment in the direction that his thought takes which was conventionally called Kehre – turning point. “Heidegger’s error” is weighed in the light of the effect produced in his thinking, which leads him to language in the expectation of another time of Being: a future that cannot be sought, only prepared. This is the path of serenity and passivity, while radicalizing the criticism of the modern subject and recognizing the strength of historical structures in the epochal constitution. It is a thought still being shaped, which promotes a less pretentious Geography, that pays attention to the Earth, language and multiplicity, making way for the place and the poetic dwelling.

This paper seeks to discuss the Lefebvre’s premises about a new Romanticism, understood as a return to (and overcoming) the artistic-political-philosophical movement that arose in Prussia at the end of the 18th century and revisited by Lefebvre in his efforts to theorize about the relationship between the moments of life in modernity. The effort here is to try to demonstrate that the Lefebvre’s theoretical-analytical foundation, anchored in the interpretation of modern society, the city and the urban, is also related to a philosophical basis still little discussed among Brazilian geographers who refer to it. For that, we will deal with the general assertions of Romanticism and its assimilation and decline in geographic theory, so that we can understand what the Lefebvre’s rereading can bring about innovation / overcoming in this respect and what contributions this reference has to offer to Geography.