Repositório RCAAP

The composition and the forms of the relief are factors that contribute in the determination of the occurrence and the types of vegetation of a certain place. The association of vegetation with certain environments due to the sunshine received, water availability, among others, are directly related to the configuration of the relief of an area. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the relations between the configuration of the relief and the distribution of the native forest vegetation in the Serra do Caverá, in the southwest region of Rio Grande do Sul. The relief classification of the study area was based on the Geomorphons, from the DEM generated through the SRTM data, obtaining ten elements. After the vegetation mapping was carried out based on the interpretation of images of the satellite LANDSAT 8 OLI, the information was cross-referenced in a GIS environment, with ArcGis 10.3 software, ArcMap tool, also by calculating the frequency ratio (Fr). The highest correlation observed was with the valleys and flat areas (42.52%), followed by vegetation on hillsides, slope bases and excavated reliefs, which together added up to 40.85% of the total forest vegetation in the study area.

Hail precipitation, an extreme event characterized by solid state water precipitation, has high destructive capacity in rural and urban environments, generating frequent disturbances and losses. The Central-Western Paraná state Meso-region (MRCOP) and The Southeast Paraná state Meso-region (MRSEP) in southern Brazil has a large agricultural production area and approximately 900 thousand inhabitants, which may be vulnerable to extreme weather events, and studies are needed to assist in decision making in these regions. This work aimed to identify the genesis, frequency and intensity of hail precipitation in The Central-Western Paraná state Meso-region (MRCOP) and The Southeast Paraná state Meso-region (MRSEP), providing support for the planning and adoption of preventive measures to combat the impact of this phenomenon. Three different sources of data were used: agrometeorological stations, satellite images and reports of occurrences, damages and emergency situations issued by the Civil Defense. Thirty-seven emergency decrees related to hail and 372 thousand people affected in the regions were identified in 19 years of analysis. The convective systems and the cold fronts were identified as the main meteorological systems working in the genesis of hail in these regions. In the absence of planning for vulnerability reduction, exposure to extreme weather events remains frequent.

In this investigation, we analyzed expressive daily accumulated of pluvial precipitation that occurred in March 2019 in the State of Ceará, in order to identify if they were considered extreme (from the Statistical Methodology of the Maximum Precipitation), and to analyze the atmospheric systems that started such events and possible damage caused by them. The ten largest daily accumulations of March recorded in the posts of the Foundation for Metereological and Hydric Resources of Ceará State (FUNCEME) were selected. At the same time, the atmospheric systems that contributed to these pluviometric episodes were identified from satellite images provided by the National Institute of Space Research (INPE). Daily accruals were at least one of the three largest already registered at the stations (five were records) and were associated with joint performance of two or more atmospheric systems. Atlantic TMSM (near the coast) showed a favorable pattern for precipitation. The daily accumulations were punctual and allowed a considerable contribution only in some water reserves of the Ceará State, because the rain did not present a homogeneous spatial/temporal distribution.

The main goal of this article is to study the labor specialization process in the state of Maranhão through the progress if the paper and cellulose chain over the expansion and reinforcement of the forestry from eucalyptus based on the implementation of the factory “Suzano Papel e Celulose” in Imperatriz, southwest of the Maranhão State. This drives the question: is there a movement to improve and specialize workers in this sector, taking into consideration not specialized or technical workers in the city of Imperatriz? For methodology it was used the book references, field research and secondary data about the changes in the way of work in the local plant and technical requirements for professional workers due to the implementation of “Suzano Papel e Celulose”. The data comes from “RAIS”; “CAGED”; “IBGE” and local technical schools. The results allow us to map the working group in the sector emphasizing that there is an intense and quick specialization regarding the work in this specific sector of paper and cellulose.

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Drainage basins are examples of spatial arrengements that integrate a joint vision of the behavior of natural conditions and human activities within them, where urbanization and its materializations are highlighted, which often have negative consequences in the fluvial systems. Nowadays, the development of rapid and simple tools to accomplish the preliminary environmental diagnosis of such systems has been conquering space against monitoring stations, like the Rapid Evaluation Records (Protocolos de Avaliação Rápida – PARs). Thus, this study discuss the potentialities of applying a PAR model in urban areas of the municipalities of Iconha and Piúma (ES), in the context of the Novo River Drainage Basin. The results show that in four out of five analyzed points, the environmental quality was classified as “intermediate”, while in the remaining one it was “good”. The use of the PAR model was generally satisfactory, exposing the advantages of its use to designate the environmental quality of the analyzed rivers.

Brazil is considered one of the largest agricultural producers and is responsible for supplying a large part of the world demand for food. Parallel to this productivity, the use of transgenic seeds and chemical inputs such as agrochemicals is growing to ensure protection against crop losses. Therefore, municipalities whose economy is agricultural based and which make abundant use of agrochemicals are vulnerable, since the risk of contamination is related to the way in which the population is related to the existing dangers, a process that is intertwined with the determinants of social, cultural and economic. In this way, the objective of this work is to discuss the health vulnerabilities related to the agricultural production process based on agrochemicals in the North of Minas Gerais, considering the socioeconomic indicators, the agrarian structure of the rural establishments and the poisonings associated with the use of agrochemicals. For this, the methodology used consisted of bibliographic review, secondary data search in management organs such as the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE and the Information System of Injuries and Notifications - SINAN, besides the mapping. It is concluded that the North of Minas Gerais is a propitious space for contamination and intoxication by pesticides, because it has a social and economic fragility that directly influences the access to information on the handling of pesticides and health services or other public services essential.

The presence of criminal organizations that use the region as a traffic area or as a distribution/supply route of Andina origin cocaine, demonstrate this border-ish relation of organized crime. It is about the construction of territories, moreover, represent power relations, which manifest from the networks. This work has as objective to analyze the connectivity of narcotraffic in the amazon region from the construction of territories-network. The adopted methodology bases on bibliographic research and documents analysis such as; reports from the Delegacy of Repression to Organized Crime (DRCO-PA), narcotics apprehension reports from the Federal Police, both documents refer to the period from 2013 to 2015. The research result points to the fact that narcotraffic in networks attends to the functioning of other criminal activities at the same time where they make vulnerable the frontiers of the national state.

The present work has as main objective to demonstrate which are the elements that are involved in the productive process in the milk production chain, that are stimulating transformations in the models of milk collection and transport. Thus, bringing to the discussion, some comparisons between the old and the new models of milk collection and transport, thus building indispensable knowledge to understand the importance of transport systems in the contribution of the evolution of production systems, giving subsidy so that the complexity of the relationships established in a productive chain widely present in the southwestern region of Parana is understood, thus allowing the interpretation of the different uses of space in this region.

This article aims to understand the relationship of the Kaingang and their traditional (material and symbolic) practices with the territory, in Terra Indígena Faxinal (TIF), Cândido de Abreu-PR. The territory, the land (Gâ), Kaingang is space of everyday experiences, in which is a strong relationship of individuals with the means of survival, but also where myths and legends about supernatural beings are narrated and where settle down the foundations of their social organization. Local where his deceased’s and their navels are buried. Its traditional practices are guided by a link with territory, being alive not only in memory, but in everyday, guiding lives of the Kaingang in the relationship with this territory, with highlight those subsistence (agriculture, fishing and hunting), medicinal (practical and symbolic knowledge), religious, among others.

Spatial awareness should be the main objective of teaching geography, whether in the academic or school environment, as a means of apprehending and transforming reality. Therefore, the study of the place is essential, as a space of daily living, where we can glimpse more strongly the social materiality. In this context, urban paths constitute an appropriate methodology for understanding the spatial consciousness-place relationship, as they allow the city to walk, glimpsing the essence-form of geographic objects. In the case of this work, we had as a contribution the relationship spatial awareness-place-black space, considering the architectural heritage forged through African construction techniques and African and African descent workforce in the city of Crato-Ce. Based on the African descent research (CUNHA JUNIOR, 2013), Africanities and African descent (CUNHA JUNIOR, 2001), associated with the methodology of urban pathways, we researched the Afrocratean heritage from architecture. We synthesized the results into three architectural examples, namely the old House Chamber and Jail, the free and traditional Fair and the São José Seminary. Thus, the urban paths, conditioned on the appropriate conceptual basis, promoted spatial awareness of the Afrocrat heritage, being relevant instrument of study of the urban space.

“The landscape is not made to look at”. This statement by Eric Dardel, in his book L’Homme et la Terre, originally published in the 1950s, disagrees, far ahead of his time – and even today – rather than commonly – and geographically –, with what has been meant by landscape. Although many decades have passed since this publication, little seems to have been left of this conception of landscape in geographical studies, even if we consider the productions of humanistic geography, a field that best appropriated the work of the French geographer. By asserting that the landscape is not made to look at, Dardel breaks with the inheritance of the pictorial visuality attributed to the term and that has run through, following different paths, the theoretical construction of this concept in geographical science. What is landscape? So, what is in the landscape beyond what we see? These are questions that we will seek to explore in this paper, from a review of landscape pathways in geography and its current openings.

The identity-place relationship presents an ambivalence that goes from celebration to condemnation, gaining a new impetus after the 1990s, both with the relevance that identity resistance movements (ethnic, racial and gender) have achieved, fighting for the place – as territory –, as with the strength that crying for respect differences and the oppressive and colonial sense of identity received, questioning the role of the territorialization processes in the conflicts and in the denial of the distinctions that promote the capture of the Other by the Same. We move the question of the identity-difference relationship to the nexus between consciousness-place, undoing this association that gives relevance to sense in the face of the non-sense. The prevalence of consciousness is understood as one of the instruments of the imperialist colonizing reason, Eurocentric, and therefore it is necessary to break it into another geographical sense of identity. But how do we give meaning to our geographical relationship and its implication to identity, freeing ourselves from the bonds of consciousness and the colonial models of the intellection of being? This is the main question that mobilized the paper, which will be faced from the experience with the Payayá natives and the interlocution with the philosophy of Emmanuel Lévinas, as methaphenomenology, toward a Latin American descolonial thinking.

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According to geographer Pedro de Almeida Vasconcelos, the dense periods correspond to moments of too much intensity, which occur transformative events for a city or any space. The thesis defended in this article is that the interval between the second half of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century, marked, among other things, by the introduction of the social habit of salty sea baths and the consequent seaside urbanization, constitutes a dense period for the Recife beach space production.

The objective of this study is to analyze the socio-environmental vulnerability of the census tracts bordering the Poti River in the municipality of Teresina (Piauí/Brazil). From the use use of geoprocessing tools and field and laboratory activities, the crossing of 7 socioeconomic variables and 12 environmental variables to obtain socio-environmental vulnerability. The 72 census tracts were grouped into 4 classes of Socio-Environmental Vulnerability (IVSA): IVSA Very High (33% of the area), High (10% of the area), Medium (17% of the area) and Low (33%), besides the insufficient data of 7% of the sectors. In general, the census tracts located in the Center-North and part of the Southeast region were identified as the most vulnerable areas, requiring greater public attention.

The Abrolhos Bank concentrates the largest marine biodiversity in Brazil and a series of actors that use the territory. Within this context, the objective of this research was to understand the historical, economic and environmental transformations that influence the territoriality of artisanal fishermen of Caravelas and Nova Viçosa in the last 60 years. For this, I used participant observation, semi-structured interviews, focus groups and participatory mapping. It was possible to categorize 4 time frames, the first was marked by whale fishing, the second by the influence of the Bahia Minas Railroad and the supply of vessels, the third by the structuring of fishing, with the arrival of ice and motorized vessels. Finally, the fourth is influenced by the arrival of the Conservation Units. It can be said that the territory has undergone numerous transformations and that reterritorialization was necessary for the maintenance of local artisanal fishing.

The housing Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (My Home My Life) - MCMV, instituted by the Federal government in 2009, promoted an urban and territorial (re) organization of Brazilian municipalities. Several studies have demonstrated these effects, but with little analysis of types 2 and 3. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the action of exogenous real estate capital in the municipality of Petrópolis - RJ and its performance through the MCMV aimed at types 2 and 3 and how this process has brought a new urban territorial ordering in this municipality. The methodology used was based on the bibliographic survey and on interviews with the public agent (city hall) and private agents (builders, developers and real estate). Results pointed to a thickening of the urban expansion axis, located on União e Indústria and Philuvio Cerqueira Rodrigues Roads, accompanied by the growth in the offer of trade and services, especially in the 2nd and 3rd Districts. In addition to these processes, the real estate appreciation of the developments was observed, as well as of the surrounding areas, especially in those spaces in which verticalization is permitted by urban law.