Repositório RCAAP

O presente estudo abrange as diferentes interpretações do termo Brutalismo no cenário internacional e nacional, o impacto das obras brutalistas na cidade de São Paulo, além da influência e contribuição de João Vilanova Artigas. Ainda que não compreendido, ou até mesmo não apreciado pela maioria da população, o Brutalismo tem grande impacto na arquitetura nacional, marcando diversos momentos históricos.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are optical fibers whose core is surrounded by a regular matrix of holes that is responsible for light confinement and guidance. This new architecture opens new perspectives in the development of nonlinear applications, many of which are based upon the high efficiency with which nonlinearity-driven spectral broadening known supercontinuum generation is obtained in solid-core PCFs. Another asset of PCFs is that their structure can be filled with liquids or gases, which then efficiently interact with the guided light. The possibility of obtaining supercontinuum generation in a PCF whose core is filled with highly nonlinear liquids has been recently theoretically studied. The insertion of liquids in PCFs introduces a new degree of freedom with which the efficiency of nonlinear effects can be maximized. This dissertation describes experimental work, in which the generation of a supercontinuum spectrum is demonstrated in a PCF whose hollow core was selectively filled with distilled water. A maximum broadening of 503nm, measured at -20dB, was obtained with femtosecond pulse pumping at λ=976nm. The comparison with spectra obtained with a 800nm pump and with bulk samples demonstrate that both a low dispersion at the pump wavelength and pump guidance are crucial for the broad output spectrum obtained. Numerical simulations and analyses were also undertaken to complement the study.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Nowadays, object oriented languages are among the most used ones. Recent studies with beginners have shown that the object oriented programming language (OOP) concepts are not so easy to learn. Students have difficulties not only in understanding those OOP concepts, but also in applying them to solving problems. Therefore, an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is suggested in order to help in the learning process of these concepts. One of the most important challenge for ITS development is the individual treatment of student, which is mainly obtained by system adaptativity to the characteristics of each student. This adaptativity to student is a complex issue and the focus of several researches. It encloses several areas of personality such as: learning style, intelligence, previous knowledge, student background and emotions. Thus, the student model is extremely important because all individual information of student is in it. It is here where Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have been employed. This paper approaches the adaptativity issue of tutoring system to student knowledge through a student model based on Bayesian Network (BN). Taking into consideration that the student knowledge level is an inaccurate information, and even professors deal with this uncertainty, the Bayesian Networks (BNs), also known as Belief Network, have been chosen. They are considered proper for uncertain spheres for employing the probabilistic reasoning, which allows to identify a certain belief degree of student knowledge level. Therefore, the BNs have been employed in ITS in the inferences concerning student behavior as well as in the decision-making process concerning tutor actions.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

This study proposes a taxonomy for the notes to the financial statements, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). The proposed model complements the taxonomy of the financial statements approved by the XBRL International on April 3rd, 2015. The main objective of the notes is to provide useful information to investors, lenders, regulatory and supervisory bodies in the Brazilian market. The accompanying notes are disclosed by listed companies with the Brazilian Securities Commission (CVM) in Portable Document Format (PDF), through Empresas.Líquido system. The difficulty of selection and extraction of data for use in analysis is costly and limits the use of information, and need to export or re-enter the data in a more friendly format. In order to work around this limitation, the XBRL language was created. In Brazil, the implementation of XBRL is being conducted by the Federal Accounting Council (CFC) and entities within it. XBRL is an interactive disclosure format and disclosure reduces the asymmetry of information between internal and external users. In this sense, this paper chose two theories: Prospectus which is based on the arguments of Kahneman and Tversky (1979) and Disclosure discussed by Verrecchia (2001) and Dye (2001). The Prospect Theory defines the format of accounting information affects the user's decision-making. The way the items of the notes will be presented in the disclosures, can influence the decision-making process of an investor, analyst or regulatory agency that evaluates companies are disclosing. On the other hand, the Theory of Disclosure discusses the disclosure of settings that are unconditionally preferred, ie, in the case of this study what types of disclosure of the notes are more efficient. The analysis of items for all of the notes was developed from the items of the IFRS taxonomy compared with items found in the accounting pronouncements (CPCs). They were located from the following processes: disclosure, common practice and example. Items common practice found in the tables and text of the explanatory notes published by Brazilian companies on the Brazilian Securities Commission (CVM) and the sample items were found examples of the Accounting Pronouncements Committee Standards (CPC). The result was the model definition of Brazilian taxonomy of explanatory notes in XBRL for financial reporting of public companies.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This case study aimed to determine the contribution of intangible assets characterized as intellectual capital to business performance in a differentiated network of franchise restaurants. The research was characterized as exploratory and qualitative. Several techniques for data collection were used: direct observation, survey and interviews with the full participation of 24 respondents, with those managers and employees of a differentiated network of franchise restaurants. Respondents highlighted that human assets and market assets are the main contributors to the generation of results. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the network currently uses 20 performance indicators (KPI) keys to managing their restaurants, it is possible to relate these indicators to active defined by Brooking (1996), however the managing partners have some difficulties in the analysis of various reports that these often receive, being required increasingly, consolidated, summarized and direct information to support the management of restaurants. Finally, it was presented a simplified model to gather a list the main key performance indicators in a single report for the managing partners, which is the main contribution of this work. Future studies can be further developed from this research, searching for the adaptation of the performance measurement system in other networks restaurant franchises, and the investments made in each of the asset groups defined by Brooking (1996): Human Assets, Infrastructure Assets, Market Assets and Intellectual Property Assets.

Acesso online: https://youtu.be/60d-5smwTBs

Este trabajo incluye la pieza de teatro griego Medea, escrita por Eurípides, y la pieza brasileña Gota d’água, de Chico Buarque y Paulo Pontes, que construyen su discurso con una clara inspiración en la obra griega, escrita en el siglo IV antes de Cristo, en que se presenta el conflicto de la hechicera Medea después del abandono sufrido por el marido al que mucho le había ayudado. En Gota d’água,, el conflicto de la protagonista Joana es similar a su homóloga griega, sin embargo, el desarrollo de la trama tiene también diferencias significativas, que serán evaluadas en esta propuesta. La obra de Eurípides pertenece a la estética de la Tragedia Griega, así que esta investigación busca establecer las relaciones adecuadas entre las dos obras, para entender cómo los autores brasileños realizan la transposición de la Tragedia a lo contemporáneo. Para ello, el estudio se basa en la lectura de la Poética de Aristóteles, cuyas observaciones sobre los géneros literarios contribuyen a la comprensión de sus elementos constitutivos y sus significados. Por lo tanto, el trabajo se centra en los estudios de género dramático y su sucursal en la estética de la tragedia, también impregna los conceptos de hybris, la catarsis, el destino, la justicia, el héroe trágico y el mito, con la intención de evaluar cómo se construyen estos elementos en el período ático de las grandes Tragedias y cómo los autores brasileños que transponen con las adaptaciones necesarias la Tragedia Griega en su propio tiempo y espacio.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

O presente artigo científico visa estabelecer uma relação entre o fracasso das políticas repressoras com relação ao uso de drogas, para isso utilizará tanto de uma construção histórica para a compreensão do surgimento fenomenológico da demonização do uso de entorpecentes, quanto embasamentos doutrinários e dados factuais, demonstrando assim os resultados nefastos de uma ideologia proibicionista. Adotada conhecida e internacional há pelo menos 8 décadas, quando o aparato policial Norte Americano necessitava de um direcionamento após a falha da proibição alcóolica conhecida como Lei Seca (1920-1933). Por meio de um desenvolvimento contextual e histórico, pretende-se atingir questões humanitárias relacionadas aos nefastos resultados do proibicionismo, e assim provar a necessidade latente da discussão do tema em pauta.

Lease is the subject of a joint Project from IASB (International Accounting Standards Board), responsible to develop and publish the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), and FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board), responsible of setting the accozmting standards recognized by the North American agency SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission). Recognizing that the standards for leasing accounting do not meet current needs, IASB and FASB published jointly, in August 2010, the Exposure Draft ED/2010/9 Leases, including important changes in the standards of the leasing contracts recognition, measurement and disclosure. This study had the objective to confirm the applicability of the recognition proposed by the exposure draft and to investigate the way the changes of ED/201019 would impact the financial statements and the financial indicators of the traded Brazilian companies with operating leasing operations. The study was made in a population of 665 companies that published their financial statements in 2010, which 119 disclosed the existence of operating lease transactions, from which 32 were selected to compose the sample. The results confirmed the applicability of the recognition of a right to use the leased asset and an obligation to perform the leasing payments as well as revealed that the initial recognition of ED/2010/9 had significant impacts in the financial statements and the financial indicators of the companies with operating lease operations, increasing the indebtedness perception and reducing the liquidity and profitability perceptions of the lessees.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

As doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) são consideradas mudanças no funcionamento do sistema cardíaco. Há relatos na literatura científica da relação entre alterações da microbiota intestinal com DCV e SM. A microbiota intestinal é composta por uma variedade de microorganismos que tem como principal função proteger a região contra bactérias consideradas patogênicas. O kefir (ou quefir) são grãos compostos por microorganismos imobilizados em uma matriz proteica e polissacarídea, onde diversas espécies de bactérias e leveduras coexistem de forma simbiótica, que ao adicionar leite ou água com açúcar iniciam um processo de fermentação produzindo compostos bioativos. As propriedades benéficas do kefir são resultado de três mecanismos: os microrganismos, metabólitos gerados e produtos da fermentação. O presente trabalho tem como propósito avaliar os efeitos do consumo de kefir sobre fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, tais elas, fatores relacionados a glicemia e diabetes, lipídeos plasmáticos e pressão arterial e circulação cardiovascular, e seu consequente benefício para a saúde a partir da revisão de estudos clínicos de intervenção realizados em humanos e animais. Esta revisão analisou dezesseis artigos, porém predominantemente foram encontrados estudos com animais e apenas dois eram com humanos dentro dos critérios estabelecidos. Os resultados e as evidências apresentadas tanto em animais como em humanos são promissoras em relação à funcionalidade do kefir para proteger o organismo contra fatores de risco para DCV, entretanto são necessários mais estudos realizados em humanos. A revisão concluiu que é evidente que os probióticos não substituem terapias farmacológicas, porém podem ser alternativas não-farmacológicas consideráveis quando relacionadas com práticas mais convencionais na redução do risco de doenças crônicas.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

The opal of the municipality of Pedro II, in the state of Piauí, is of noble quality in Brazil and its reserves, together with the Australian reserves, form the only deposits of opal of importance in the planet. The research carried out an interdisciplinary dialogue between the Line of research in Languages and Technologies with the research line Culture and Art in the Contemporaneity, where it approaches the extraction of the opal in Pedro II and its artisan production. The purpose of this work is to present a representative picture that portrays the current stage of evolution of the Pedro II opal extraction, the work with this stone, the production of jewelry, as well as the results of the designer's work and its effective and significant influence in creation and execution of these parts. This work uses bibliographical studies, field research and interviews with residents, who experience extraction, stoning and artisanal production and the influence of design in the promotion of locality and its people. It was also presented the stage of the opal extraction, its development and the need to seek improvement in all its particularities. Finally, it was observed that there is the raw material, the labor, the interest in doing, the improvement and professional qualification, the pride of the Piauí people to own in their own lands a wealth like the opal. However, it is necessary the support of federal institutions or state organs, especially so that the potential of the work developed by craftsmen and designers can be recognized, valued and marketed nationally and internationally.