Repositório RCAAP

ABSTRACT: Education on perspective of inclusion, it still represents a complex challenge, especially due to the problems faced in the public system. The main objective of this study was to discuss the process of school inclusion and its relationship with the challenges of teaching practice from the perspective of public basic education in Brazil. This is a review of narrative literature, which adopts the technique of bibliographic and documentary research. It was found that school inclusion seeks education for all in the same context, this does not represent the normalization of difference, but the understanding of it as diversity. In this context, factors such as: overcrowding in classrooms; insufficient teaching materials, architectural and pedagogical accessibility; teacher unpreparedness and non-execution of public policies are still challenges in basic public education, determinants of non-compliance with the principles of inclusive education. Therefore, it becomes a way to overcome these impasses by revising the curricula and political pedagogical projects, greater financial investments to meet the demands, restructuring public policies in line with the reality of the regions, training teachers, creating tools to improve the teaching work and, above all, the change in attitudes in the recognition and appreciation of the human being. It involves society as a whole and needs specific conditions to be put into practice, among many: the valorization of education as a practice of freedom, the recognition of difference as potential and the collective effort in adapting development opportunities. KEYWORDS: School, Public policies, Teaching practice.

ABSTRACT: Alismataceae consists in a family of semi-aquatic or aquatic plants occurring in swamps, rivers and lakes. Currently, 11 genera are considered, with 75 species in the world. However, there is a lack of taxonomic consensus to recognize and allocate the species in the genera and palynology can act as a tool to assist in the identification and organization of this family. This study aimed to describe the pollen morphology of Alismataceae species available in the herbariums Vasconcelos Sobrinho (PEURF / UFRPE), Geraldo Mariz (UFP / UFPE) and of the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA). In addition we collected informations in the literature about pollinators of the species analyzed. Acetolysis was performed for species available in the PEUFR Herbarium collection (n = 5). For the other classified species, pollen descriptions were used based on searches in the literature. Twenty-nine species were found in the three herbariums. Acetolysis proves efficient to be used as one of the parameters for delimiting the taxon at the level of genus or species for this family. Protodiscelis spp. bees were the most commonly cited in the literature, acting as the main pollinators of Alismataceae species. KEYWORDS: Aquatic plant, Bees, Pollen.

ABSTRACT: This article aims to reflect how Afro-Brazilian literature (IANNI, 1988; Diogo, 2016; Pereira, 2017) contributes to the construction of an anti-racist education (MUNANGA, 2005; CARNEIRO, 2005; LIMA, 2005) through the work The Slave, by Maria Firmina dos Reis. As it is an article of conceptual reflection, the work A Escrava is approached as a discursive social practice in which subjects, through it, interact in and with the world around them. In this sense, the speeches of Maria Firmina do Reis raise questions about social identities and positions of black subjects and black women in social relations at the time and which persist today. For this reason, A Escrava is configured as a proposal for an emancipatory (FREIRE, 2005) and anti-racist educational practice through which knowledge and beliefs that enable the approximation of current subjects with stories, memories, experiences and experiences told by other subjects can be discussed who narrate, through their works, the trajectories of their silences and struggles as a result of their race, color and gender. KEYWORDS: Racism, Gender, Emancipation, Literature.

Introduction: Motorcycle accidents on federal highways cause material and emotional damage and are a serious public health problem. Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile of motorcycle accidents on federal highways in the State of Ceará, Brazil. Method: Longitudinal, descriptive, documentary, quantitative and comparative study based on secondary data obtained from the Federal Highway Police database on traffic accidents on federal highways in the State of Ceará occurred during the years 2010 to 2018. These data were analyzed in relation to the total number of accidents, the variants related to the victims, time and geographical conditions. Results: We quantified 2042 accidents with an annual average of 268 accidents that occurred mainly in 2012, most with male victims (85%), young adults aged 20 to 40 years (59%), occurring due to lack of attention in driving on all days of the week. The federal roads with the highest number of accidents were 020, 116 and 222. Conclusion: The motorcycle accidents on federal highways in the State of Ceará are a frequent public health problem. It is expected that this study can alert motorcyclists and to transport and health managers for the need for development and adoption of emergency preventive strategies.

ABSTRACT: Considering the importance of Fritz Müller for the History of Science and for the dissemination and popularization of scientific knowledge in Brazil, it is also possible to carry out expressive educational works carried out in non-formal educational spaces, as in the case of. museums, in this text we analyze the Science reader-effect folder of a material that is released by the Fritz Müller Ecology Museum, located in the city of Blumenau - Santa Catarina. Our objective is to understand how to circulate and textualize scientific knowledge, materialized without reference to a brochure, we can lead its readers to produce specific meaning effects on Science. For it, we refer to the theoretical-methodological assumptions of Pecheutian Discourse Analysis, mainly in the studies by Eni Orlandi. Thus, starting from notions such as textualization, reader-effect, interdiscourse and production conditions, we try to understand the possible effects of meaning and gestures of interpretation from discourses and ways in which you are described in this scientific popularization material. Our results are suitable for discursive regularities, such as shifts in meanings and silences about Science and a scientific position, or that it raises or directs certain reading gestures and implies a certain way of reading, determined by power relations. KEYWORDS: Scientific dissemination, Non-formal education, Discourse Analysis.

ABSTRACT: This is an integrative literature review whose objective was to review the main pedagogical games used in teaching natural sciences in elementary school and whether these are effective in learning. This review consisted of a synthesis of studies already published in journals from 2010 to 2020. The following databases were searched: Capes journals, Educational Resources Information (ERIC) and academic Google. 15 studies that contemplated the research objective were reviewed. The authors agree on the importance of using educational games as a didactic resource in teaching this curricular component. It is concluded that pedagogical games are an excellent complementary and alternative tool for teaching nature sciences in elementary school, since they provide the ease of the teaching-learning process, also enabling a better teacher-student interaction. KEYWORDS: Education, Educational games, teaching metodology.

Apresentação do Dossiê - Desenvolvimento e Sustentabilidade.

RESUMO: Introdução: O ensino da saúde mental na graduação em enfermagem vem passando por muitas transformações em sua estrutura, tanto na organização das aulas teóricas e métodos de ensino como nas práticas nos serviços de saúde mental, gerando alguns desafios para os estudantes, professores e demais envolvidos. Objetivo: identificar na literatura a percepção do docente de enfermagem sobre a formação em saúde mental no Brasil. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados LILACS®, Web of Science®, Scopus® e CINAHL® através de uma estratégia utilizada com descritores disponibilizados no DeCS e MeSH e adotado o fluxograma PRISMA® para sistematização da revisão. A amostra foi composta por 09 artigos, resultante de uma triagem realizada por critérios de inclusão e exclusão, com auxílio da plataforma Rayyan®. Resultados: foram apresentados como pontos que potencializam a formação a perspectiva do ensino pautado na reforma psiquiátrica e nas políticas de saúde mental, utilização de teorias de enfermagem e do processo da Sistematização da Assistência em Enfermagem, metodologias ativas, utilização dos serviços como campo prático, além de abordar conteúdos sobre a comunicação terapêutica, trabalho com a família, entre outros. Os aspectos que causam vulnerabilidade no processo de ensino-aprendizagem em saúde mental são a pouca carga horária, a não participação dos docentes na construção da matriz, conteúdos generalistas e superficiais, foco nas psicopatologias, poucas atividades práticas e a dualidade do campo psiquiátrico e a atenção psicossocial. Conclusão: o ensino da saúde mental ainda é muito amplo, generalizado e fragmentado, não havendo aprofundamento nas temáticas, nas práticas e pouca relação com as demais disciplinas do currículo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Docente de enfermagem, Educação em enfermagem, Saúde mental.   ABSTRACT: Introduction: The teaching of mental health in undergraduate nursing has undergone many transformations in its structure, both in the organization of theoretical classes and teaching methods and in practices in mental health services, generating some challenges for students, teachers and others involved. Objective: to identify in the literature the perception of nursing professors about training in mental health in Brazil. Methods: integrative literature review carried out in the LILACS®, Web of Science®, Scopus® and CINAHL® databases through a strategy used with descriptors available in DeCS and MeSH and adopting the PRISMA® flowchart for systematizing the review. The sample consisted of 09 articles, resulting from a screening performed by inclusion and exclusion criteria, with the aid of the Rayyan® platform. Results: were presented as points that enhance training the perspective of teaching based on psychiatric reform and mental health policies, use of nursing theories and the process of Systematization of Nursing Care, active methodologies, use of services as a practical field, in addition to address contents about therapeutic communication, work with the family, among others. The aspects that cause vulnerability in the teaching-learning process in mental health are the short workload, the non-participation of teachers in the construction of the matrix, general and superficial content, focus on psychopathologies, few practical activities and the duality of the psychiatric field and the psychosocial care. Conclusion: the teaching of mental health is still very broad, generalized and fragmented, with no deepening of themes, practices and little relationship with other subjects in the curriculum. KEYWORDS: Faculty, nursing, Education, Nursing, Mental Health.

This study aimed to describe the health care of people with disabilities in the days of COVID-19 in the State of Alagoas, being an epidemiological, quantitative and descriptive. Data collection was carried out from August 28 to October 31, 2020, with the participation of 36 people with disabilities who answered an online questionnaire developed in google forms and made available through a link on social networks such as Facebook, Instagram , WhatsApp and/or email.research. As for the profile of the participants who responded to this survey, most were female, had physical disability and aged between 20 and 39 years. With regard to health care, most had health insurance and 41.7% performed some type of follow-up/treatment before the COVID-19 pandemic, and of these, 58.3% continued to undergo follow-up/treatment during the pandemic. Thus, this study pointed out that people with disabilities need comprehensive and facilitating health care that responds to their needs, whether linked or not to their condition. In addition, it can be noted that the COVID-19 pandemic has had serious repercussions on the lives of this portion of the population, as they face extra challenges to keep themselves safe and that end up directly affecting access to health care.

Rural and gastronomic tourism is an option adopted by the family farmer to diversify their economic activities in rural areas, also providing new dynamics to this space. Social isolation has substantially shaken the tourism sector, which required further adaptations regarding the rules of operation of tourist spaces and quipamentos. The work aims to evaluate the strategies and adaptations of the owners of establishments located in the Region of the Fourth Colony of Santa Maria - RS regarding the maintenance of their restaurants, bars and the like during this pandemic period. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic and documentary approach, exploratory and descriptive, with field tripes. The main results achieved by the research suggest that the rural environment is being seen as a place that combines quality of life and leisure with intense identity culture, where colonization has determined its own characteristics. The territory of the Fourth Colony to intensify its tourism potential should overcome some obstacles such as: greater engagement of the public power, greater receptivity of the community and acceptance of new alternatives of generation of work combined with improvements in the general infrastructure.

Bioplastics refer to plastics produced from biomass through renewable and biological sources. They are an alternative to the problem of large-scale production of petrochemical bags and excessive consumption causing various harm to human beings and the environment. The sustainable development of biodegradable bags brings benefits to the planet, such as the reduction of polluting gases, has different means of disposal, expands the economic sector and reduces the use of oil as a raw material. Thus, the aim of this article was to describe and analyze the main advantages attributed to the production of biodegradable bags aiming at the sustainability of the planet. The search was carried out with job searches in the Scielo and Google Academic databases, totaling 918 articles, from which 33 were selected for writing this article. A questionnaire was applied to students of the chemistry degree course at the State University of Alagoas, Campus I, and it was observed that among the various issues, from knowledge about biodegradable bags to environmental impacts, 93.8% of respondents know the importance of replacing conventional bags with biodegradable bags, and 6.3% answered that they did not. It was found that bioplastics are produced through natural resources, enhancing their rapid decomposition that does not aggravate the environment, moreover, it is a beneficial means for the chain of microorganisms as they can be a source of energy for them. It was found that the idea of ​​bioplastics is linked with the need to reduce the environmental impacts caused by the accumulation of plastic waste, excessive production, inadequate disposal and, consequently, due to the emission of gases into the atmosphere through its lasting degradation.            

In scientific research, planning and carrying out experiments are common practices in Agricultural Sciences. Although the experimental methods are widely known, it is clear that their assumptions are often not verified, reflecting the low precision and quality of the results. This research aims to: 1) discuss basic concepts of experimental statistics; 2) present the main statistical models and methods used in Agricultural Sciences; 3) evaluate the suitability of using statistical tests in scientific articles. In planning, the choice of design should consider environmental heterogeneity. Hypotheses are tested by the F test, and Anova's assumptions must be met. Data transformation is an efficient tool that is often necessary but little explored. When testing qualitative treatments, a comparison/grouping of means test is used, with the Scott-Knott test being the most robust. When quantitative, linear regression. When successive evaluations are carried out in the same experimental unit, repeated measures analysis is used. The coefficient of variation indicates experimental precision and varies with treatments, variables and environment. The repeatability coefficient estimates the number of evaluations and experiments to be carried out, with a high degree of precision. As for suitability, 32 articles were analyzed and all presented insufficient information on the methodology, compromising the reproducibility of the research. Therefore, experimental planning allows conducting research with savings in time, costs and labor, without compromising the accuracy of the conclusions

Plant poisoning changes a serious public health problem in the state of Paraíba. In view of this, the objective was to characterize the epidemiological and sociodemographic profile of those intoxicated by plants in each mesoregion of the state of Paraíba during the period from 2010 to 2019. This is a descriptive study through a cross-sectional, retrospective and quantitative investigation of data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). During the period analyzed, the number of notifications for poisoning with plants increased 18 times, available in a total of 135 cases. As two mesoregions with the highest numbers were Mata Paraibana (27.3 ± 41.3) and Agreste Paraibano (41.0 ± 0). The greatest number of records occurred among the child audience, with a greater predominance of notifications in the group between 1 to 4 years old (31.8%), with ascendancy for males (54.0%) and for mixed race (58, 5%). As for the level of education, 8.1% of the cases had incomplete primary education. For diagnosis, the clinical criterion was the most used (45%) and in most cases (76%), there was a cure without sequelae, even with 54% of the notifications, in fact, being cases of intoxication. Regarding the circumstance of intoxication, 72% happened accidentally. It appears, therefore, that plant intoxications are listed and represent an impasse to be mitigated, which requires preventive and educational actions focusing on the awareness of Paraiba citizens.

To add quality to the final product, it is necessary to use technologies that carry out the identification and use of superior genetics. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between body measurements (AP and PT) and carcass characteristics evaluated by ultrasonography (AOL, EGS and MAR), through Pearson linear correlation analysis and linear regression. The data used were obtained from the archives of the Santa Nice farm (Amaporã-PR). A total of 543 animals that had AP and PT measurements at 490 days were analyzed. Carcass characteristics were evaluated using ultrasonography equipment. Analyzes were performed using the SAS program. AP and PT presented positive and moderately significant correlation with AOL and negative and weakly significant with MAR. AP and PT showed a negative correlation with EGS, but significant only between AP and EGS, which was negative and very weak. Linear regression analyzes followed correlations, being significant for all analyzed variables, except for PT and EGS. Thus, it was concluded that body measurements such as AP and PT are not good indicators of meat quality related to fat deposition, such as EGS and MAR, however, both AP and PT can be used to increase AOL. Keywords: Body measurements. Carcass characteristics. Nellore.

Bokashi is a type of organic fermented product formed by fungi and bacteria isolated from forests and which coexist synergistically in a liquid fermentative medium enriched with a sugar source. Among these microorganisms, some species of actinobacteria may have biotechnological potential to be used in agriculture. In this sense, the present work aimed to isolate and identify actinobacteria with agricultural biotechnological potential present in fermented organic fertilizer (Bokashi). Bokashi was produced by capturing microorganisms present in the forest soil. Actinobacteria were isolated through successive dilutions of Bokashi samples and grown in culture media Czapeck Modified (MC), Arginine Vitamin Agar (AY*), Inorganic Salt – starch Agar (ISP-4) containing antifungal, and incubated at 30° C for 21 days. Micromorphological analysis and identification was performed using the microculture on slides technique. In all, 22 strains of actinobacteria were isolated and identified, of which 77.27% were from the AY* medium; 13.64% of ISP-4 medium and 9.1% of MC medium. The presumptive identification of the genders showed that the strains were distributed between: 45.45% Nocardia; 36.36% Streptomyces; 9.1% Terrabacter; 4.54% Micromonospora; and 4.54% Mycobacterium.

ABSTRACT: In view of the coronavirus pandemic, several security measures were necessary, among them, the on-site suspension of educational activities, thus generating the obligation for teachers and students to migrate to the online reality, transferring and transposing methodologies and pedagogical practices atypical of the physical territories of learning, in what has been called remote or synchronous emergency teaching. With the uncertainties that the current scenario presents, the idea to develop this work arose with the objective of carrying out analyzes on the feasibility of implementing emergency remote education at the State University of Alagoas - UNEAL. This is a study, based on an opinion poll, through an online questionnaire Google® Forms, carried out with teachers and students of the Licenciatura Courses in Biological Sciences and Chemistry.103 people participated, being 89.3% students and 10.7% teachers. The majority 73.8% agreed that the implementation of emergency remote education is feasible. Through analysis of the current context and the results obtained, it is recommended that teachers and students discuss the best strategies that enable a good quality remote or synchronous teaching.

The São Francisco River has outlined in its course many geological-geomorphological features, and among them it is possible to highlight the paleodune fields, built in other periods of the Earth's history. These sandy features have, over the years, lost their original characteristics attributed not only to natural erosive agents, but also to anthropogenic agents, since the relationship established between society and nature has not been harmonious. In this sense, this research deals with the relationship of the inhabitants and riverside dwellers of the paleodunar territories around the São Francisco River in the municipality of Casa Nova/BA, with nature., and their respective impacts. It is a qualitative-quantitative research, exploratory, bibliographical and field. The findings indicate that the paleoenvironment is in very considerable stages of degradation, requiring the implementation of conservation proposals that can mitigate the damage caused to the physical and natural environment and which, consequently, has affected the local society.

The present research aimed to develop numerical sense, through the use of visual mathematics, based on the Theories of Mathematical Mentalities in 9th grade students of elementary school II of a municipal school in the city of Junqueiro - AL. Recent studies in neuroscience show that we are all capable of learning math at a high level as long as we are properly stimulated. It is quite common to see students from elementary school to higher education stating that they do not like math, well, the reason for this contempt in math, most of the time, is due to the way the contents are taught, causing many students to lose interest in that area. However, there are other methods of teaching mathematics and one of them is the use of visual mathematics. Several studies show that working with visual mathematics makes the student gain self-confidence, well, the purpose of this work is to show that visual mathematics can lead the student to understand the teaching of mathematics in a clearer way. In the course of this work, we will understand, through a research with a mixed focus, how content approaches through visual mathematics can interfere with cognitive development and learning in mathematics in students at a public school in the interior of Alagoas. We will discuss concepts and present the result of a case study, based on ideas present in the book by British author Jo Boaler, observing how this methodology can be transformative. Analyzing the survey data, we conclude that visual mathematics really facilitated students' learning, as well as changing their relationship with mathematics.

In the pandemic caused by coronavirus, it was observed that the media were responsible for dissectising information to the population. Objective:  To analyze the impact of fake news in Brazil on COVID-19. Methodology: This is an integrative review, which analyzed Brazilian publications, available in the Databases VHL, LILACS and Periódico CAPES, published between 2020 and 2021. Results and discussion :The main social networks that disseminate disinformation in Brazil are: WhatsApp®, Facebook®,and Twitter®. The content most present in fake News addresses aspects related to inappropriate treatments, demotivating effective measures. In addition, fake news has reached vaccination, generating fear and distrust of the population in the face of vaccine access.   Conclusion :Social networks are great allies of the dissemination of fake news. It is necessary to carry out educational policies, which can clearly and objectively inform the population using different techniques of health education.

The socio-scientific themes allow us to understand the overcomings of the present time, themes resulting from the discussions of a globalized era amidst the development of science and technology. Thus, a remote survey was carried out using the WhatsApp application, in order to understand the approach to socio-scientific themes in the teaching of Natural Sciences, Biology and Chemistry with teachers from two schools in the city of Benjamin Constant-AM. Bibliographic, descriptive and exploratory research was used, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, and the data collection instrument was the semi-structured questionnaire applied to teachers in the aforementioned areas. About the results, 90% of teachers claimed to know the concept of socio-scientific themes, however, despite this amount, only 3 teachers actually reported a concept close to the one chosen as the basis. 90% of teachers said they address issues related to socio-scientific issues in their pedagogical practices, however, it is noteworthy that there may be a conceptual confusion about what would be socio-scientific issues, especially because of a superficiality in their responses. It is noteworthy that 70% of teachers said that the school works with socio-scientific issues, and they are carried out in various segments, through projects, science fair, poster exhibition and/or similar. Given the panorama, it is evident that the teacher's didactic practice is extremely important to allow a discussion on socio-scientific issues in teaching spaces.