Repositório RCAAP

El artículo plantea los motivos por los que, a lo largo de la historiografía literaria española, los géneros autobiográficos han mantenido un papel secundario y opaco a pesar de la riqueza de los textos. Comparar la evolución del género con la ocurrida en otros ámbitos literarios se ha demostrado poco operativo, dada la especificidad de la cultura española. Ha llegado el momento de revisar la periodización de la autobiografía en España, de acuerdo con los acontecimientos históricos que la marcaron y que permiten explicar su ascenso como su decadencia. ******************************************************** Autobiografia e cânone literário: história de um desencontro O artigo discute as razões pelas quais, ao longo da historiografia literária espanhola, os gêneros autobiográficos tiveram um papel secundário e opaco apesar da riqueza dos textos. Comparar a evolução do gênero com a de outros âmbitos literários têm se revelado pouco operacional, dada a especificidade da cultura espanhola. É chegado o momento de se rever a periodização da autobiografia na Espanha, de acordo com os acontecimentos históricos que a marcaram e que explicam tanto sua ascensão quanto seu declínio. Palavras-chave: Autobiografia; Periodização; Cânone literário

O objetivo do presente texto é sugerir e convidar para uma reflexão sobre a historiografia e o comparatismo literários no que diz respeito à sua viabilidade, eficácia e utilidade. E, também, convidar para pensar outras formas de estudar a literatura que possam ser relevantes e práticas e relacionáveis com a sociedade, entendendo a literatura como parte da cultura e dos processos sociais e analisando-a como um meio que permita produzir conhecimento sobre aspetos sociais. Farei uso , neste sentido, e de maneira sintética, de dous casos em que comunidades podem ver-se afetadas por determinados usos do literário (no caso, Cien Años de Soledad, de García Márquez e O Diário de um mago, de Paulo Coelho) através do vínculo entre espaços geo-humanos e geo-culturais e discursos literários; historiar e/ou comparar processos deste tipo pode oferecer uma linha de pesquisa importante para entender (diversos róis) da literatura nas sociedades e deitar luz sobre os modos de pensar, classificar e atuar das comunidades em foco. ******************************************************** Historicizing and comparing literature as a means and analysis of self-assessment communities. Literature spaces as an example and proposal This paper aims to suggest and to invite to reflect on the Literary Historiography and Comparatism in relation to their viability, efficiency and usefulness. I would like to contribute, at the same time, to think about other ways for studying Literature, relevant and practical for society, understanding literature as a part of culture and wither social processes to be analysed as a means for delivering knowledge on social issues. I will bring for this purpose the cases of two different communities affected for specific usages of the literary by the links between geo-cultural and geo-human spaces with literary discourses A Hundred Years of Solitude, by Gabriel García Márquez and Paulo Coelho’s The Pilgrimage. To study and compare this kind of processes could contribute to a research line relevant for understanding the different roles of literature in society, and to shed light on the ways the focused communities have to think, classify and act. Keywords: Literaturized spaces; Communities; Studies of the culture.

O artigo parte de uma definição geral de método na atividade científica, para depois concentrar-se na fisionomia específica de que se reveste o conceito no campo dos estudos literários. Defende a tese de que, embora um tanto secundarizada na agenda atual dos estudos literários, a questão do método é incontornável no processo da pesquisa, sendo pois indispensável que se lhe conceda atenção reflexiva. ********************************************************** The issue of method in the literary studies This paper begins with a general definition of method in scientific activity, and then focus on the specific features the concept assumes in the field of literary studies. It defends the thesis that, in despite of its secondary position in the current agenda of literary studies, the issue of method is crucial in the research process, and therefore it is essential to grant it reflexive attention. Keywords: Methodology; Methodological pluralism and monism; Methodophobia; Methodophilia

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The article studies the participation of Latin American nations in the Non-Aligned Movement during the Cold War. It inquire about the reasons that led a significant number of countries in the continent to join the Movement, most of them between 1973 and 1983. Through the analysis of primary and secondary sources, seven cases are examined: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru. It is established that, mainly, the Latin American nations sought, through their participation in the Movement, to increase their autonomy and deepen or complete their sovereignty. Finally, it is argued that the Non Alignment in Latin America was related more to the long history of decolonization than to the conjunctural Cold War.

The geopolitical discipline under the phenomenological critique. The foundations of Brazilian geopolitics developed by Meira Mattos and Panamazonia. Defense and integration of Panamazonia, integration challenges to Brazilian geopolitical thinking.

According to the British academic Laurence Whitehead (2002), each country manages differently and finds its own solution to the demands of truth and justice in relation to its dictatorial past during democratization processes. While some chose a “communicative silence”, in others the demands for “hygienic purges” prevails. But whatever the option, another possibility will always remain latent, as desirable. In Portugal, the revolutionary nature of the transition to democracy and the state’s crisis that branded it created a “window of opportunity” for a strong and immediate reaction to the past. Among the different formulas of political justice adopted purges, i.e., the institution of processes through which abusive or corrupt officials are excluded from the public service, stand out. It is our aim to analyse the legislation that framed these purges, considering the transition different stages, and to perceive its impacts and relations with the progress of the Portuguese revolution.

This paper presents Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson’s theory on the moral foundations of truth commissions, analyzing it from the perspective of the relation between the normativity of transitional justice and deliberative theories of democracy. I will argue that democratic deliberative requirements, however defensible they may be from the point of view of democracy and justice, and despite having theoretical virtues, are not adequate to think of transitional contexts for democracy dealing with legacies of gross human rights violations.

In unfavorable situations, marked by the validity of a patriarchal and misogynist system, the interest in counting on the supernatural represented for some women an important tool to respond to this normative context. The universe of relationships, the interest in controlling the wills of others for the realization of love bonds, including marriages or even the salvation of conjugal lives, were recorded in various inquisitorial processes. The fluidity of sexuality was, in turn, an aspect that caught the attention of the authorities, especially when it was associated with the protagonism sought by women. This work seeks, therefore, to investigate, in the light of gender relations, the trajectories of Violante Carneiro and Margarida Carneiro, processed by the authorities of the inquisitorial visitation in Portuguese America (1591-1595).

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The second half of the 19th century was the period in which the foundations were laid for Mexico’s economic policy based on agro-export from the exploitation of natural resources. For this, liberal politicians, like Matías Romero, used scientific knowledge for the exploitation of Mexican and foreign plants of great world demand harvested mainly in the southeast of the country, where forests, forests and mangroves were valued as unproductive lands. In this Mexican zone, a series of plant products demanded in the United States and Europe was intensively produced, which at the same time enriched the treasury degraded the regional biological diversity. The objective of the research is to understand the influence of scientific criteria in Romero’s political-economic projects by encouraging the cultivation of Mexican and acclimatized commercial plants from 1870 to 1883 and the beginning of the environmental transformation of the southeast of the Mexican Republic. This region had been valued by the political elite as unproductive in economic terms due to the difficult recovery of agricultural activities between the Independence revolution and the 1870s. Romero’s writings published between 1870 and 1883 are an example of the use of scientific criteria for economic development.