RCAAP Repository

Bertholf and Walls provided a characterization for the class of groups quasi-injective finite. Furthermore, Juriaans, Bastos Azevedo and give a rating for the injective type groups, which are a distinct class of the former despite being quite close.

In this dissertation, we study the multiplicity of solutions for the following class of semilinear elliptic problems involving the critical Sobolev exponent, ---u = - juj2---2 u + f (x; u) ; x 2 e u = 0; x 2 @ ; where N - 3, - RN is a smooth and bounded domain, - is a positive real parameter and 2- = 2N= (N - 2) is the critical Sobolev exponent. In obtaining our result, we use variational methods, such as, minimax theorems, Lusternik-Schnirelman theorems, as well as, concentration-compactness lemma.

Hesse said in one of his articles that a hypersurface in the projective space Pn that has null hessian polynomial is a cone. Later, Gordam and Noether prove that the statement of Hesse is valid only for n 3, presenting counter-examples for n 4. Initially we tried to solve the problem in a direct and elementary form, been well succeeding only in the case of P1, so we set out to study the dual of variety and polar map associated to the hypersurface X = Z(F) Pn. Having mind that X IF , where IF is the polar map image, and that X is a cone if and only if, X is degenerate. Which brings us to display a series of technical results in order to conclude that IF is a linear variety, speci cally a line if n = 2 and a plane or line if n = 3. Thus we prove for a given hypersurface X = Z(F) Pn. If n 3, then X is a Cone () det [Hess (F)] = 0.

In this work we study cubic surfaces in P3. More specically, we take care to count the number of lines on these surfaces. In chapter one we proved that the number of lines on a non-singular cubic surface in P3 is 27. In chapter two, as the motivation for chapter three, we focused in the classifcation of singularities of plane curves. For the singular case, discussed in chapter three, we used two algorithm to compute the number of lines. The first one consists in to divide the computation in six packages, which are actually the open set of the grassmannian G(2; 4), and in each open set we count the lines contained on the given surface. The second algorithm consists of dividing the lines on S in two packages: The package of lines passing through P and those lines that not passing through P but they are contained in a plane that contain some line passing through P, here P is an isolated singularity of the given surface.

This investigative study appears as a dissertation linked to the graduate program in social work at the federal university of Paraíba. Analyzes the national Program of Student Assistance (PNAES) from the perspective of social workers from the federal university of Campina Grande (UFCG) and the federal university of Paraíba (UFPB). And for both, contemplates three specific goals, which are: contextualize the university reform in the current social – historical context of counter – reformation wrought by the Brazilian state in time of capital crisis; Evaluate the implementation of PNAES on UFCG and UFPB in the light of the operation areas of this program; And analyze the impacts of supporting plans and restructuring and expansion of the federal universities program (Reuni) in the demands posed by social workers student assistance programs of these universities. The theoretical and methodological framework focuses on the Marxist tradition from the critical analysis of capitalist society that generates profound inequalities that are expressed in the materiality of the social question, Being the social unprotection one of the most incidents. In methodological terms, is typified as a social applied research critical-evaluative character along with 11 social assistants, inserted on campuses UFCG: Patos (01), Cajazeiras (01), Cuité (01), Sumé (01), Campina Grande (02), Sousa (01). And on campuses UFPB: João Pessoa (03) and Areia (01). Campuses of Bananeiras and Nort coast (Rio Tinto and Mamanguape) of UFPB not have social workers on staff human resources. In ethical terms , the research embasou the new Resolution No. 466/12 of the National Health Council , obtaining approval of the Ethics Committee UFPB Search as attached certificate in the body of this work. Resorted to instruments and techniques quantitative and qualitative with the use of questionaire, form, semi-structured interview, static analysis descriptive, and content analysis descriptive, and content analysis for thematic categorization. The research questions that guide this study were affirmed in results on demonstrate that the 10 thematic areas proposed for management and implementation of PNAES are not executed by UFCG and UFPB. Stand out so only actions for housing and food, and feebly actions of Sport and Health. Confirmed the subsidiary character of Reuni and ENEM/SiSu as factors facilitating access to Higher Education for empoverished population segments in the federal universities of Paraíba. However, the Student Assistance is not universalized, but limited to focused, residual and exclusionary actions, wich rebate in the professional practices of social worker marked by selectivity under the sing of patronage and conservatism.

The growing presence of persons with disabilities on the job market is a very recent phenomenon. It took centuries for disabled men and women to be recognized as productive workers. Women with disabilities suffer discrimination doubly, both for being women and also for being disabled. This study aims to analyze if the current legislation in Brazil referring to women´s labor rights and social-labor insertion norms regarding persons with disabilities are helping to provide inclusion and prolong the permanence of women with disabilities on the job market and, therefore, contributing to gender equality at the labor environment and extinction of social discrimination. To this end, a case study method was used with the objective of analyzing the true reality of women with physical disabilities member of the Association of Disabled Persons of the State of Paraiba (Associação dos Deficientes do Estado da Paraíba - ASDEPB) who work in Campina Grande – PB looking to identify if the thought rights (idealized) are being made real (concrete). Among the main results, it was noticed that a significant legal framework has been contributing to the building of a new visibility regarding people with disabilities, looking to remove the barriers, which prevent their active participation in all social spheres. However, such legal framework was not yet sufficiently capable of neither dissipate social discrimination regarding those people, nor promote effectively its social-labor insertion. In what concerns women with no disabilities, many norms had already been implemented for some time, which also can be applied to disabled women, with the intention of promoting the female work and diminish the gender inequality in the labor market that is still persistent. Anyway, the norms promoting sociallabor insertion of women with or without disabilities have the challenge of guaranteeing formal equality as well as providing mechanisms that promote material equality between men and women, also, with or without disabilities and, in this sense, there is still much to be done.

This research work deals with the application of differential and integral calculus theories involved in the management businesses, particularly in the financial and economic areas. Several works were used as bibliographical research sources, including those focusing on Calculus, Mathematics Applied to Economics and Financial Mathematics. A detailed study of calculus and financial and economic theory was carried out, so as to study their relationships and then make suggestions as to their use in classroom teaching medium.

Since ancient times, for about 4000 years, many people have already solved polynomial equations in their daily lives through problems and practices constructions. In this paper, we study some algebraic and geometric methods used for solving polynomial equations. We start talking about factoring and division of polynomials, device Briot-Ruffini, relationships Girard, theorem of the complex roots and the theorem of the rational roots research. In chapter 2, we will show the methods algebraic of Viète, Cardano, Ferrari and Euler, and some geometric methods, such as the of proportion, of the Descartes and Thomas Carlyle and of the conicas. In section 3, we see the derivative of a polynomial, Newton's iterative method, translation of coordinate axes, using the derived for to find coeffcients of the reduced form of the polynomial and with the aid of derivatives show a method of resolution the equations 3rd and 4th degrees.

This dissertation is focused on the Euler's theorem for polyhedra homeomorphic to the sphere. Present statements made by Cauchy, Poincaré and Legendre. As a consequence we show that there are only ve regular convex polyhedra, called polyhedra Plato.

In this work we treat the study the isoperimetric inequality, with primary focus in its demonstration, using geometry. It is divided in two parts. The preliminary chapter, which portrays some de nitions and propositions of the plane geometry regarding polygons, curves and relationships between area and perimeter, as well as a study on maximum, minimum, average and the principle of nite induction, that serve as basis for the next chapter. The second chapter, we have a little history of isoperimetric problem and demonstration of the isoperimetric inequality, initially for polygons and then the general case of a simple closed curve.

Technological and industrial changes in recent times historically defined the transformations of capitalist societies. The development experienced by modernity brings along with itself the means of production, which increased in quantity, speed and diversity. Thus, the relationship between production and consumption has intensified and the market grew, increasing the number of goods available to the population. In this consumer and mass society, the body is gaining more prominence. The appreciation of the body physical appearance is the result of this overexposure in the public space, where the stereotype of a beautiful body, healthy body, shapely body is dictated by the fashion and beauty industry transforming it into an object of consumption. Although, this study aims to analyze the beauty category in its evolution, it changes the perspective on the body and consumer culture in contemporary society, with reference to the physical education professionals working in gyms in João Pessoa city. Regarding to the methodology, research approach is a dialectical-criticism, theoreticalpractical, with a predominantly qualitative analysis perspective. The research involved 14 physical education professionals, working in gyms in João Pessoa city. One semi-structured interview, recorded by the researcher and the instrument used for analysis was the content analysis which was performed. We conclude that behind a discourse of welfare and health, there is a whole ideology that appeals to an ideal of unattainable beauty, characteristic of contemporary society that survives of a overconsumption culture, leading individuals to a constant dissatisfaction. It means that body beauty today, this consumer society, keep the dominant Platonic ideals of order, symmetry, a beauty that is in the object, in appearance. Despite talking about health, quality of life, all this only justifies the way the gyms, surgeries, medications, disorderly quest to maintain an optimal pattern imposed by consumer society, where the physical education professional mostly continues playing the idea of beauty reduced to physical standards; and reduced health to the quest for the perfect body models reported in the media.

The present study aims at confirming the possibility of quantitative and impersonal accessibility of the buildings for persons with disabilities. The importance of this issue can be highlighted mainly by the global movement for social inclusion of the disabled and the growing elderly population, who are prone to physical disabilities. After proceeding literature review, we analyzed various methods of evaluating accessibility at use in Brazil and other countries, in order to learn about their methodologies and results. We have come to the conclusion that the approach was largely qualitative and grounded in the moral judgment of the evaluators, not allowing the comparison between the compliance of the physical means of accessibility and technical standards or between the buildings analyzed. After this conclusion, we examined the pros and cons of the methods under analysis, proposing a new method, based on the Brazilian technical norms of accessibility and a quantitative structure. The method herein proposed was applied to measure the accessibility of the hotels on the coastline of the city of João Pessoa, who host a considerable number of aged guests. The choice of hotels as a target for evaluation is linked to the emblematic character they have in terms of life quality and cultural development of the elderly and disabled guests in general. The result found shows that, through a numerical indicator, it is possible to evaluate quantitatively and impersonally the degree of accessibility of buildings, allowing comparison and indication of improvement measures.

Training in Social Work today has faced a number of difficulties inherent in the overgrowth of courses across the country, which are part of the commercialization strategies of education by the business receiving the consent of the State for the conduct of Education Policy in contemporary, reaching all levels, especially higher education. Featuring the neoliberal scenario, these practices, and cause the uncontrolled growth of higher education institutions, spreading an ideology that seeks only the interests of capital. In this sense, the proliferation of traditional conservative thought is reinforced which so influenced the profession since its appearance confronting the critical dialectical thinking adopted by the professional category from your breach of movement. It was in order to address this problem that is born our subject: formation in Social Work: overcoming or reproduction of conservatism? Therefore, delimited as research space, private schools of social work, classroom and distance, located in the hinterland of Paraiba. In this perspective, the study was developed in two methodological steps: literature review based on diverse texts relevant to the proposed theme and field research through interviews with the subjects participants of this process of training in Social Work: teachers, students and course coordinators -face private institutions and the market town of Cajazeiras / PB. The main results identified a fragmentation in the training of social workers resulting from various repercussions and strategies used by the capitalist dynamics in conducting this process in the two types of education: classroom and distance. However, in the first, proved to be an intense effort on the part of teachers, inserted in local research, disseminate more knowledge based on global reality, allowing the seizure of critical dialectical thought, in a demonstration of concern and commitment that category teaching to the defense of his Political Ethics Project and a more qualified training, however, it is concluded that this effort has been challenged by the printed conservative functional logic the private character of educational institutions.

Abstract: In this work we study some geometric transformations in the plane and the space. Initially, we present some special types of transformations in the plane and find the matrix of each of these transformations. In the second part we discourse the transformations in the space, emphasizing the rotations. We will use the angles of Euler to determine a rotation in the space around the Cartesian axes and define an equation which allows to rotate a vector around any axis. We also discuss the homogeneous spaces aiming the matrix representation of transformations of translation. Finally, we use the structure of the quaternions group to present a second form to rotation vectors and composition of rotations in the space. We emphasize that this study is essential to describe the motion of objects in the plane and in the space.

The present master’s thesis aims to analyze historically the development of the Mental Health Assistance Policy in the State of Paraiba (Brazil). In order to do that, this work carries out a discussion involving the psychiatric assistance in several social conjunctures, as well as its representation in diverse historical periods. The main focus is the worldwide discrepancy towards the first ways of confronting “madness”, as it was conceived in the different social contexts. In order to glimpse at this issue, the present study analyzed several authors who not only approached the constitution of psychiatry, but also discussed its central ideas. As an example, the concept which considers as a social-historical construction, the invention of psychiatry and its object, the mental disease, along with the social degradation of mentally ill people resulting in their complete exclusion from the world. Such analysis has effectively permitted to rebuild the path of psychiatric assistance. It is also observed the first outstanding movements which converged to a number of innovative actions in the context of mental health assistance, so that prompted a series of psychiatric reform movements in most of the world. From these experiences, there have been formulated public and specific policies, directed to the mentally ill patient, which attempted to reconcile the assistance with social inclusion. As a result of this new approach, is has been established a scenery with mechanisms to substitute hospital-centered model, through which it began to be designed a new perception about the mentally ill individual. Finally, this study considers important to achieve a new relationship between mental patients and their caregivers, in the psychiatric assistance process.

This work is the result of a research on the Euler line and the circumference of the nine points. The software geogebra was used to illustrate geometric constructions and present some practical activities for the study of notable points of the triangle, the Euler line and the circumference of the nine points to high school students. However, the work was based on the proof, with the use of Modern Algebra and Linear Algebra, the existence and properties of the object of this research, especially the universal property of points in the plane, critical in these demonstrations.

The encryption algorithm written by Egyptian Taher ElGamal computes discrete logarithms with elements of a finite group G Cyclical. These elements have properties that during the study Chapter 1. Knowing the definitions and some properties studied, we can define and compute discrete logarithms, using knowledge of arithmetic and congruence of Remains and Theorem Remainder of Chinese. We will study public key algorithms, in particular the algorithm written by ElGamal, seeking to understand the diffculties presented by it and show its applications in the field of cryptography. We present a sequence of activities, aimed at students of the first grade of high school, targeting the learning of some subjects covered at work.

In this study, we evaluate if the congruence x2 a (mod m), where m is prime and (a;m) = 1, has or not solutions, highlighting the importance of Quadratic Residues and consequently the cooperation of the Legendre's Symbol, the Euler's Criterion and the Gauss' Lemma. Also, we demonstrate the Law of Quadratic Reciprocity generalizing situations for composite numbers, that is, the Jacobi's Symbol and its properties. We present some proposals of activities for the High School involving the subject matter and its possible applications, through an understandable language for students of this level.

This paper deals with the teaching of topics in Di erential and Integral Calculus in high school. A brief historical analysis of its development, showing some ideas that served for its currently formalization. Some calculus' elements are also de ned to compare them with some intuitive notions or geometric ideas. To nalize it will discuss the importance and usefulness of these issues to other disciplines, particularly physics and how, from some applications, students could understand various concepts in a more simple way and does not require to memorize a huge amount of formulas.

In this work we will make a brief study on the calculation of areas and lengths highlighting how these can be presented in high school, then we will use the di erential and integral calculus to extend the calculations of areas and lengths. Therefore, this study some of the developments in the history of calculus concepts and their "basic", beyond the definitions of areas, lengths, and applications of limit, derivative and integral. We emphasize that the provision contained in this learning material is not in a single textbook adopted in schools.