RCAAP Repository

Matinhas municipality with approximately 1.3 million of tangerine tree (Citrus reticulata Blanco) ‘Dancy’ variety is responsible for 90% by tangerine production of the State of Paraíba. Frugivorous flies assumed economic importance in commercial tangerine groves because they cause premature dropping of fruits and significantly decrease of havest. The research was carried out in five geographic regions of Matinhas, municipality where twenty fruits on plant and twenty fruits under the plant had been collected, with the aim to search the occurrence of frugivorous flies and its levels of infestation in tangerine. Gotten results on occurrence showed that tangerine is infested by frugivorous flies Ceratitis capitata (Wiedmann, 1824), Neosilba zadolicha (McAlpine & Steyskal) and Neosilba glaberrima (Wiedmann, 1830). The infestation index mean of C. capitata in five regions did not exceed 0.5 pupae/fruit. The emergence percentage of (EP) of adults of C. capitata in fruits collected in plant and soil varied among 14.0 and 54.0% of adults/fruit. The gotten infestation index for N. zadolicha had variation among 0.4 and 4.3 pupaes/fruit. The data of emergence percentage (EP) of N. zadolicha had variation among 49.9 and 65.9% of adults/fruit, that specie being considered the most abundant and with high tax of survival. N.zadolicha specie was chosen as a primary and economic importance pest to tangerine fruit in Matinhas conditions. This is, also, the first report of these species N. zadolicha and N. glaberiima causing infestation in tangerine fruits in State of Paraíba.

Techniques of dialell crossings and genetic divergence with application of canonical variables and principal components have been applied with the objective of evaluating six castor bean genotypes behaviorconsidering the variables days to flowering (FR), number of racemes per plant (NRP), effective length of the primary raceme (CR), plant height (AP), potential yield (PP) and oil content (TO), when choosing promising parents in breeding programs through hybridizations. Griffing’s scheme of diallel crossings (1956) was used when evaluating combining capacities. A randomized complete blocks design with four replications was used and the trial was set at irrigation condition, at Embrapa-Algodão Experimental Station – CNP, placed in the municipal district of Barbalha-CE. Variable AP presented significance only for the effect of the general capacity of combination (CGC), while PP showed significance only for specific capacity of combination (CEC). Both CGC and CEC effects were significant for the other variables. However, the quadratic components indicated predominance of non-additive genic effects for all of the variables. Parent BRA 4871 (1), BRS Paraguaçu (2) and BRS Nordestina (5) had been distinguished as good general combiners for FR; BRS Nordestina (5), for NRP; BRA 2968 (4), BRA 5550 (6) and BRS Nordestina (5) for CR. For the variable plant height, the best general combinadores were: BRA 4871 (1), BRS Paraguaçu (2) and BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia (3). BRS Nordestina (5) and BRA 5550 (6) were pointed as good combinadores for PP, while BRS Nordestina was configured as a good combiner for TO. Those genotypes involvement in improvement programs in order to obtain new varieties starting from advanced selection generations can be promising. In a multivariate context, two principal components and two canonical variables were enough to explain 78% and 82% of the total variance, respectively. The first principal component (CP1) presented positive relationship with the variables NRP, AP and PP, while the second component (CP2) presented positive relationship with FR and CR. The first canonical variable (VC 1) turned out to be positively related to FR and CR and, on the other hand, negatively related to NRP and PP. Instead, for the second canonical variable (VC2), a contrast was verified among positive values for CR, PP and TO and negative values for AP. There was an indication of genetic divergence among parents with larger discrimination observed by the principal compounds technique. Nevertheless, low correlations had been detected between genetic distance of parents and heterosis for both techniques. Parent BRA 5550 (6) presented the largest positive estimate of CGC for CP1 and the best hybrid combinations for CEC were BRA 4871 x BRA 5550 (1x4) and BRA 2968 x BRS Nordestina (4x5). Like CP2, BRS Nordestina (5) was pointed as a good general combiner, while the best combinations when it comes to CEC were BRA 4871 x BRA 2968 (1x4) BRS Paraguaçu x BRA 2968 (2x4), BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia x BRA 2968 (3x4) and BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia x BRS Nordestina (3x5), with favorable contribution to (CR), while BRA 4871 x BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia (1x3), BRS Paraguaçu x BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia (2x3) and BRS Paraguaçu x BRS Nordestina (2x5) were pointed as favorable to FR. Parents BRS Paraguaçu (2), BRS Nordestina (5) and BRA 4871 (1) presented good general capacity of combination for VC1, while BRS Nordestina (5) was the only favorable parent for VC2, because they contribute with genes to a larger effective length of the primary raceme, yield potential and oil content, plus genes for plant high reduction. BRA 4871 x BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia (1x3), BRA 4871 x BRA 5550 (1x6), BRS Paraguaçu x BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia (2x3), BRS Paraguaçu x BRS Nordestina (2x5) and BRA 2968 x BRS Nordestina (4x5) presented a better behavior about CEC for VC1. BRS Paraguaçu x BRA 2968 (2x4) and BRA 2968 x BRS Nordestina (4x5) were the best combinations for VC2. Hybrid BRA 2968 x BRS Nordestina (4x5) represents the best exploration perspective in breeding because of its favorable medium performance for all of the features and a better heterosis behavior about VC2. Hybrid combinations BRA 4871 x BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia (1x3), BRA 4871 x BRA 5550 (1x6), BRS Paraguaçu x BRA 7722 Papo-de-gia (2x3), BRS Paraguaçu x BRA 2968 (2x4), BRS Paraguaçu x BRS Nordestina (2x5) and BRA 2968 x BRS Nordestina (4x5) could be used in order to create a new basis-population, starting from intercrossings among them, both for exploration through intrapopulation selection appealing and for the extraction of lineages destined to the synthesis of hybrids able to gather precocity, larger number of racemes per plant, lower plants height, higher yield potential and larger oil content.

The preservation of seeds of economical value in liquid nitrogen or cryoconservation has the potential of extending the storage period almost indefinitely. However, during the freezing and thawing processes, the reached temperature can cause stress that could be lethal for many biological material species, including seeds. The capacity of seeds to resist to freezing in liquid nitrogen is configured as critical factor for the long term conservation. In this work and attempt was made to investigate the cryoconservation of herbaceous color cotton seeds from the cultivates BRS 200 Brown and BRS Green, material developed by Embrapa Algodão. In this case, the study was divided in four parts in the attempt to include all the stages for the establishment of a long term storage protocol in cryogenic temperatures. It was studied the determination of the high moisture freezing limit for the cryoconservation, the kinetics of cryogenic freezing in different temperatures, the storage in subzero temperatures for 12 months (cryoconservation), and, finally, the possible degradation of essential chemical substances to the germination process, considering the exposition of seeds to such extreme storage conditions. The high moisture freezing limit of cotton seeds from the two cultivates range from between 6-8%, while for the long term storage there was a drop in germination and vigor in the two cultivates in any of the temperatures and thawing methods used. It was verified that the freezing curves of these seeds mainly in the temperatures of -25, -45 and -170oC, in spite of the largest similarity with the cooling curves, they present, although in discrete way, the three characteristic phases of the curve of freezing of the pure water. With regard to the thermal diffusivity, it was concluded that it increases with the increase in humidity content, and it does not present a symmetrical behavior with temperature oscillation. The found results also allow to conclude that the seeds of the two cultivates have similar chemical composition and that, in general, there was a decrease in the reserve of chemical components during storage, except for the minerals.

This study aims to analyze the receptivity of economic information released in two national journalistic portals - G1 and the Exame, in the reader’s perspective. To this end, presents the theoretical foundations and concepts related to economic information and knowledge, as resources able to guide individuals in making informed decisions, contributing to individual and social development. In addition, it seeks to understand the role of the current media situation and the possible barriers to the processes of generation, access and understanding of this type of information. In this sense, is identified in the digital environment, characteristics that favor breaking down barriers, as well as appropriation of such information. In the methodological approach was made a literature gathering; analysis of examples that stimulated the observation and understanding of the phenomena; was applied an electronic questionnaire with users of G1 and Exam portals and the data analysis. In the analysis of data were used quantitative and qualitative procedures in accordance with the closed and open-ended nature of the questions of the research instrument. Through the information gathered, it was possible to draw a digital economic information reader profile, deepening on the understanding of their behavior in relation to digital media and economic information disseminated through these within the context of its receipt and use by the reader. It was noticed, then, that the receptivity of economic information in the digital media, in general, paints a worrying picture. Despite being aware of the relevance of economics for personal and social development, the receiver perceives the economic information as a specific and complex area of language, which he is not prepared to receive. Thus, the information is presented unattractive inhibiting its search of portals and hindering the interaction and understanding of the subject and, consequently, its appropriate and efficient use.

Cette recherche a réalisé une étude de l’enseignement de l’art dans trois Pontos de Cultura de la région du Portal do Sertão, dans l’État de Bahia : l’ONG Pé de Arte, Cultura e Educação (PACE, à São Gonçalo dos Campos, la Cooperativa de Teatro para Infância e Juventude da Bahia (CTIJB), à Feira de Santana, et le Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais de Santa Bárbara (STRSB), à Santa Bárbara, entre 2009 et 2015. Pendant cette étude, le profil socioprofessionnel des éducateurs a été défini, avec un accent sur leur rôle dans les pratiques et sur l’importance de l’enseignement de l’art en tant que mécanisme de reconstruction sociale. Diverses propositions éducatives liées aux arts ont été identifiées, adaptées de méthodes consacrées, ou créés pour recevoir un public dans un lieu spécifique. Pour obtenir ces informations, plusieurs enquêtes ont été réalisées : analyse des documents relatifs à l’histoire des trois Pontos de Cultura, à leur fondation, aux prix qu’ils ont reçus, aux professionnels engagés, aux languages proposés ; entretiens, questionnaires et accompagnement des ateliers de cirque, de théâtre, de théâtre demarionnettes, d’arts visuels, d’artisanat et de couture. Ceux-ci ont permis de mieux comprendre les méthodes utilisés, qu’ils soient connus ou nouvellement développés, de découvrir les espaces éducatifs, et le profil des différents éducateurs, administrateurs et coordinateurs. Le travail a un caractère qualitatif et propose une étude de cas. L’approche théorique est basée sur des auteurs qui ont contibué au débat sur les sujets suivants : trajectoire, définition et contexte de l’éducation non formelle (Freire, Gohn, Trilla) ; concept et organisation des Pontos de Cultura (Rocha, Silva, Turino) ; enseignement de l’art de ses fondements (Barbosa, Carvalho, Duarte, Forquin, Hernández, Richter).

Remains growing debate and study the issues of social responsibility within organizations that seek increasingly improve its practices. Against of the scenery with new features and visions of production and consumption, with more demanding and conscious clients, has been cooperative with a different organizational structure and principles of cooperation. The Argentine Institute of Corporate Social Responsibility (IARSE) was created with the mission to promote and disseminate the concept and corporate social responsibility practices and thus promote sustainable development in Argentina. This institute developed the Social Responsibility indicator for Cooperatives (IRSC), in order to include self-management organizations in socially responsible parameters. Seeking an application of ratio analysis of cooperative principles with the principles of corporate social responsibility, the complaint arise the question problem: Health cooperatives from Paraíba have management with a focus on corporate social responsibility, in the other words, they have applied economic, social and environmental values? This paper seeks to identify the existence of Corporate Social Responsibility in the management of health cooperatives from Paraíba. The research was characterized as exploratory based on the method of descriptive research, literature and field research. In terms of the nature of the data, was opted for the qualitative and quantitative approach. The environment of the research were the health branch of the cooperatives in the State of Paraiba, which were registered in SESCOOP -PB. For the comparative analysis of the data was used the statistical test nonparametric Mann -Whitney test (U test), it was adopted the significance level of 5 % (α = 0.05) whose data processing happened with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences - SPSS. From the application of U test can be concluded that Values, Transparency and Governance Cooperative approach cooperatives of Cooperatives Socially Responsible status. In contrast dimensions: Workforce, Environment, Suppliers, Users and Cooperative, Community, Government and Society do not have practices with features that enable the approximation of Socially Responsible status of cooperatives.

This dissertation aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge management and sustainability in two companies in the construction industry in João Pessoa. The research was conducted through a case study of two companies, with exploratory and descriptive character, made use of technical procedures such as literature research and field research. For data collection questionnaires and interviews with managers / leaders of the companies surveyed were used. The interview contained 12 open questions and addressed six dimensions of the earth model; questionnaire containing 18 questions, divided into 3 categories (economic, social and environmental), were directly related to organizational sustainability and knowledge management, being detached to the 6th dimension of the earth model (measurement and disclosure of organizational results) to identify the influences among the variables studied. Still made use of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results; for quantitative analysis, the procedures of descriptive statistical analysis of the distribution of absolute and relative frequencies for categorical variables proposals were employed. To support the processing of data STATA 11 statistical software and the level of significance was set at 5% for two-tailed tests were used. For qualitative analysis was used to analyze critical and reflective of the answers given by the research participants. Bibliometrics was used as a method for selecting journals for the theoretical framework. The results obtained to analyze the knowledge management front to the three dimensions of sustainability, pointing to items of greatest relevance in the economic field recording and calculating the costs (direct and indirect); the social highlights were referring to the existence of training, defining action plans to track employee development, the existence of systematic reward for productivity and the definition of the code of ethics in business; environmental dimension and periodic review of the Strategic Planning and holding regular meetings result in surveyed companies. It was also found that one of the developers obtained more significant results than the other due to greater expertise and investment in planning and monitoring their actions, thereby demonstrating greater questions of framing the proposed contribution of knowledge management to achieve corporate sustainability . Finally, we conclude that the occasional existence of a significant relationship in only two questions in this study (strategic planning meetings and monthly results) with the variables investigated, there is no evidence of the influence of knowledge management practices in the promotion of sustainability business in the surveyed construction firms.

In spite of its origins in the manufacturing sector, lean production has been recognized in service organizations as a management model which is able to assist managers to minimize or eliminate their waste, reducing costs and increasing the efficiency of an organization. Academic literature provides empirical evidence of the application of lean tools in the service sector, such as in hospitality, call centers, insurance companies, and especially in hospitals. Although it is possible to find practical applications, it cannot be stated that all processes have the same degree of applicability of lean production. Therefore, this dissertation investigated the applicability of lean production in different types of service processes in order to understand the implications of volume and variety dimensions to the implementation of a lean system. Thus, it was initially performed a literature survey to identify the current state of the research on the application of lean production in the service processes. In the field research, six different service processes were selected and a case study was conducted for each: technology consulting, medical consultation, car sales, car maintenance and repair, road bus service and fast-food. The first step was to identify the position of each of the processes in the volume and variety matrix. Then, the influence of each dimension on the applicability of lean tools was verified, disclosing positive influences, negative influences or even demonstrating those dimensions that did not have any influence on applicability. It was observed that there are characteristics that act as facilitators and other as barriers to the applicability of lean service. Although it is possible to isolate facilitators and barriers, it can also be concluded that the applicability of lean production in service operations depends on the existence of various process dimensions acting together.

El presente trabajo tubo como objetivo comprender las implicaciones de la llegada de las redes de negocios en Juazeirinho, pequeña ciudad localizada en el Seridó Oriental de la Paraíba, destacándose las relaciones de permanencias y las transformaciones ocurridas en su espacio comercial en los últimos 15 años, período en que empezaron la llegada de esta nueva modalidad comercial de suporte asociativo. Ese recuente temporal también corresponde al período de ampliación del sector terciario, como consecuencia del aumento del poder de venta de la camada popular. Fueron analizados de dos formas comerciales admitidos como los extremos en el nivel de modernización en que el comercio había presentado en la temporalidad: la feria libre, primera forma comercial, y las redes negocios, consideradas como la máxima capitalista de la pequeña ciudad. Las redes de negocios fueron consideradas como la máxima capitalista porque fueron en ellas que se observaron las primeras investiduras de fuerzas el consumo constante, a través de acción de marketing anteriormente case inexistentes en la ciudad. Además de esto, promovieron profundas transformaciones en las formas comerciales ya existentes e inserirán una gama de modernizaciones que promovieron la mudanza en los hábitos de consumo de los munícipes, así como estimularon otros comerciantes, no asociados, la transformaren o modernizaren sus establecimientos. Al se investigar la feria libre, valorando-a no apenas en cuanto importante lugar de consumo contemporáneo, sino embargo como un notable elemento del espacio urbano de la pequeña ciudad analizada, constató que ella es el lugar del acontecer social, una vez que la feria también fue comprendida por además de los cambios comerciales. Aunque, el espacio de Juazeirinho, hasta entonces lejos de un plan secundario, se modifico y presentó formas y contenidos que imprimen la ideología de consumo exacerbado. En este nuevo contexto, las redes de negocios, as franquías y las tiendas fidelizadas son síntomas de que el espacio comercial del área de estudio pasó a ser rotación de intereses capitalistas más severos, lo que denota el carácter de expansión geográfica del capitalismo. Esa expansión geográfica envuelve los espacios de manera diferenciada, de allí las profundas transformaciones realizadas por las redes de negocios, sobre todo en sector “supermercadista” que de manera inédita reunió en un espacio, productos que eran comercializados en establecimientos distintos.

This Thesis analyzes the educational policies that aimed at the expansion of technical and higher education in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. In recent years, Brazil has experienced a new phase with regard to education policy, focusing on ease of access to higher network and teaching technique. The educational policy of expansion aims at the decentralization of teaching units, until then very concentrated in large urban centers. Several medium-sized cities have benefited from this policy, because there are several other small towns around it, allowing access to public education without necessarily move to big cities or the capital. Such a measure facilitated access to education and, consequently, professional training. Within this perspective, we analyze public intervention expansion of technical and higher education institutions in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, in two cities considered of medium size, which exercise regional polarity: Pau dos Ferros and Mossoró, in the state's western region. These cities have benefited from the expansion of vacancies and also the construction of new university campuses. Both units have the following educational institutions: Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN); Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN); e Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido (UFERSA). The work was divided into four chapters. Initially, it tried to contextualize technical and higher education in the country, focusing on the recent educational policies that saw this expansion process. In the second chapter, it sought to understand how this expansion happened in the state of Rio Grande Norte. In the third and fourth chapter, we search to understand the current technical and higher education setup in cities focus of research, therefore it was performed interviews with the managers of the institutions surveyed and were collected data that could show the area of influence of the institutions surveyed. The findings from this study allow us to state that this process, although it is derived from a national policy, it had a strong influence of local politics, particularly as regards the choice of cities to host the teaching units. Therefore, it is emphasized that, although some difficulties encountered, this expansion was undoubtedly of great importance for technical and higher education in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte state.

With technological advances and market changes, the organizations have been faced with the need for change and making knowledge an essential tool. In this context, knowledge management has been an essential factor for organizations. Another relevant change are the organization of work models that present in the productive organization help knowledge management. This occurs in all segments, including the poultry sector. This dissertation addresses this question by analyzing the relationship between knowledge management based on the Terra model and the organization of work in a company in the poultry sector. To do it, there was a literature, to support models of Knowledge Management and Organization of Work. The methodology used was classified as applied nature, quantitative and qualitative approach and descriptive and exploratory objective, using the case study. Data collection was conducted through on-site observation and questionnaire. For data analysis we used descriptive statistics, factor analysis, qualitative data analysis and explanations of the observations when appropriate. The results showed that the company uses researched practices of the organization of the Taylorist-Fordist work model, considering the prescriptive features and control in making the product, but with a degree of flexibility in their social relations work. Knowledge management practices are concentrated in positions of middle management, as the strategies and information systems. The organizational structure, human resources policies and measurement results are not focused on knowledge management needs improvement. The result arising from factor analysis to identify the relationship between knowledge management and the organization of work submitted eleven factors, where five of these contains correlation of the two concepts. The first pointed to a relationship between the integration of work and culture, some strategies and HR policies. The second identified that there is information system functions and measuring results by interfering in workers pay. The third showed that the organizational structure influences interfere in training and in quality control. The fourth pointed out that the pace of work influence on team building. And the fifth showed an interaction of prescriptive features with the goals set by the company. Thus, it was concluded that the way the organization of labor used in the company exerts great influence on knowledge management from the simplest activities and firmer construction. It is recommended that are subsequently carried out research with the company's managers and in other production units and establish a comparison to determine if the results are present throughout the organization.

This work aims to do the analysis of urban geomorphology of the João Pessoa city and their natural and anthropogenic features, mapping the relief forms, distinguishing and counting the morphostructural and morphosculturals units, standards and landforms, the types of forms and current morphogenetic processes present in the João Pessoa city. The geomorphology studies of the city is very important, because it is an area in frank process of urban expansion including on inadequate relief forms, as strands of steep slopes and sedimentary geological structure, which is more easily eroded by the climate and anthropogenic actions as well as river valleys funds that are regularly hit by floods and sometimes cause flooding of houses installed on the banks of rivers. The techniques used in this research consisted of scanning of four topographic maps at 1: 25,000 scale and contour lines with equidistance of 10 m, covering the entire area of the city, thus obtaining more accurate topographic data due to the detail scale. With the scanned maps, they were vectorized and the informations were extracted and workeds in a GIS environment, thematic maps of hypsometry and slope were prepared and also the geological map of the area has been updated. Having these tools in the hands and with the realization of field work and satellite images and aerial photographs analysis, was developed geomorphological map. The geomorphological map, as well as serving as the basis of analysis of the research, also served as a synthesis of the results of it. After the analysis it was possible to obtain the quantification of surface geographic extent of each geologic unit present in the city, as well as the geomorphological units. In addition, they obtained morphometric data derived from analysis of the elaborated thematic maps and the mapping of the main technogenics relief forms of the city. It is discussed about the aspects of urban geomorphology and geological and geomorphological hazards caused by the occupation / urbanization of inappropriate relief forms to the occupation.

closely related to the operational complexity of the market requirements. In this scenario, measure and control the logistic costs represent a source for competitive advantage and cost reductions. The company studied in this work is part of the passenger transport sector and, although it is subsidized, it still requires operational and financial improvements to ensure its operational sustainability. To this end, it was decided to measure the costs based on the logistics perspective. In this way, a literature review was performed to identify the main factors that imply in logistic costs. The methods RKW and ABC were used to compute these costs, generating data coherent to the main objective, and tailoring its steps according to the company characteristics. Finally, it was verified that the logistic costs in the studied company represents 36,5% of total costs. Although the literature points out that logistic costs usually represent 10% of total costs, the obtained value is compatible, once the company is a service provider, and large portion of (labor) costs are related to the implementation of logistic activities. Conceptually, the methods applied were compatible with the primary objective of the study, allowing the identification and measurement of the logistic costs. The achievement of this objective simplify the activity of cost control, allowing better targeting the actions to reduce them.

In recent years, several studies where published regarding to the estimation of variables related to the use of electricity, where the most varied methodologies are used to perform modeling and estimation of demand for energy of countries, States, companies in general and educational systems. In this dissertation where chosen this last category and the focus is on Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Looking for drawing up an estimate of Wing Maxim Demand (WMD), monthly of electrical energy power, for the (HEIs), from the amount of students and, if necessary, from other causal variables, which can contribute to managerial way for the renegotiation of contracts with concessionaires that lead to annual cost savings and still contribute to a better control of the levels of maxim demand of electricity. To achieve this objective, it was realized a review of the literature regarding to the variables that could introduce correlation with the dependent variable WMD. This review indicated several methodologies that could contribute to the solution of the problem proposed: Markov Chain, Support vector Regression methodology, Genetic Programming Model and Artificial Neural Networks. It was adopted the methodology of Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) because it is less complex and a methodology directed at large companies. It was selected an IES and were carried out interviews with some engineers and technician of his electrical engineering division, seeking to better understand energy use and the behavior of the variable WMD in this IES being made available the reports of power energy monitoring where the WMD data of January-December 2008 of 2014 were contained. So on the basis of these data and documental research of the independent variables, and, through the methodologies of Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), it was developed a model from the data of 72 months which had their waste evaluated, showing a coefficient of determination R ^ 2 equal to 0.883. Independent variables that remained in the model, from the use of the backward method, were 4 (four) Dummy variables associated with the years, six variables of this type associated with the months and a variable which is the product of school days for graduates and the quantity of graduate students registered. This model was able to identify seasonality presents in the behavior of the WMD of this HIE. It would allow the hiring of WMD per month, that would make savings of 57% compared to the traditional contracting mode (WMD fixed for the entire period), considering the period from July to December, before the period left for validation. In conclusion, a forecast for the period of January to May 2015 and the adoption of the proposed model was able to provide a savings of 45% in relation to the scheme currently used by this HEI.

The airlines that operate regular ights de ne in advance the airports to be operated and the landing and takeo schedule of its aircraft. This scheduling is likely to su er interruptions causing nancial losses due to delays and/or cancellations of ights. In these situations, the airlines usually use the experience of their professionals and seek to minimize the impacts by relocating the aircraft, crew and then passengers. There is no guarantee that such method will lead to good results from an economic point of view, especially in periods of high demands of passengers. Due to this di culty, several authors have studied the Airline Recovery Problem using di erent optimization techniques. This problem is basically composed of three sub-problems: Aircraft Recovery Problem (ARP), Crew Recovery Problem (CRP) and Passenger Recovery Problem (PRP). In order to de- ne the new least-cost aircraft scheduling of a Brazilian airline (in operation interruption situations) due to delays and/or cancellations of ights, this research presents an ARP solution proposal starting from the representation of ights through a network time-space and mathematical modeling analogous to the minimum cost ow problem. To analyze the ARP, data was used from a Brazilian airline for building the time-space networks with bands of 30, 20 and 15 minutes, and 100 instances were utilized to simulate the unavailability of up to 3 aircraft on di erent nodes of such networks. The solutions based on these bands were solved via Integer Linear Programming and with average improvements of 38.24%, 40.44% and 41.15%, respectively, with respect to the trivial solutions. The band of 15 min was more appropriate because it provided a more realistic analysis of takeo s and landings events and resulted in a greater di erence, on average, between the optimal solutions and the trivial ones. Other 95 instances were tested for a time-space network with 15 min band and a spare aircraft located at the busiest airport. In this case the results were 38.68% better than the situation without a spare aircraft, but it was not conclusive because an economic feasibility analysis on the acquisition and deployment of a new aircraft in the eet must be performed.

The modelling of river basins is becoming an essential tool for management of water resources, mainly in the basins located in semi-arid portion, such as Taperoá River basin. This basin drains an area of 5,667 km², and has been suffering with the variability of hydrological processes in the semi-arid portion of Paraiba. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between forms of land use and cover and the runoff and erosion processes in the Taperoá River basin. In order to development of the study, rainfall, temperature and humidity data from 1970 to 1993, soil types map, land cover map and digital elevation model with spatial resolution of 30 m were used. The model was calibrated and validated by comparing simulated mean monthly runoff with observed long-term mean monthly runoff for runoff gauge Poço das Pedras. The results showed the effectiveness of the model for the analysis of runoff process with average observed runoff = 6.86 m³/s and average simulated runoff = 7.73 m³/s, while the sediment yield was 2.5 t/ha/yr. From the morphometric data and maps generated it can be performed further studies in the areas of preservation and probable land use, facilitating the process of planning and management of water resources.

Solar energy has shown promise, environmentally correct and one of the most important sources of renewable energy. The Solar great potential in Brazil and the new rules of the electricity sector favor distributed generation in the country. Soon, the energies from the photovoltaic cells see experiencing strong growth with regard to technology and progress in the world. Contributing to this, recently, the resolution 482, issued by ANEEL in April 2012 is taken as a big stimulus serving as first step to advance the incentive programs the electrical energy sources; This standard encourages and establishes the General conditions for the access of micro and mini distributed generation and gives the consumer's right to make use, at its discretion, to one of the types of this generation. This policy tends to stimulate the small generators and totally changes the panorama of the Brazilian electric sector, because it allows the access to generation at all levels of the production chain of the electric sector (distribution, sub-transmission lines and transmission), and can be a booster for solar generation in the country. This research project aimed to study and analyze the feasibility of the use of photovoltaic solar energy in Northeast Brazil, presenting the main challenges related to implementation, advantages, demonstrating how the changes in the regulatory environment have influenced the evolution and development of solar generation in the country. The methodological procedure that led this research was the multicase study: through the EVTE based on indicators of investment analysis. The survey was conducted in three distinct segments, with Central: 117, 6kWp, 352, 8kWp and 1Mw respectively. In conclusion, this study showed that the benefits of the integration of solar energy in the Brazilian electric matrix promote sustainable development and clean energy generation competitively, within the new context of the electric sector, and currently is completely viable to invest in this technology.

Family agriculture in Brazil, historically passed over by the government, it is still important in terms of generating output and employment. The resistance and peasant recreation is a phenomenon that has challenged researchers from various fields of knowledge. The advance of capitalism in the countryside, although it has accelerated the concentration of lands and dispossessed small farmers, failed to completely destroy peasant production. Family agriculture in the city of Lagoa Seca-PB is in the middle of this conflict. A major problem faced is the marketing of products, dominated by the action of middlemen, who appropriate the surplus. Therefore, public policies, aimed at the institutional market, have proven mitigating this process of exploitation. The Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), which acquire products directly from family farms to help people in a social vulnerability, emerges as an important element in this way to keep the production, resistance and recreating. In this context, the research aims to discuss the forms of resistance and adaptation of peasant agriculture in Lagoa Seca-PB, highlighting the role played by the PAA. The dissertation brings back the classic and current debate about the disintegration of the peasantry versus their ability to reproduce / recreate. It emphasizes the impacts of public policies of the federal government regarding the resistance / recreation of "family agriculture". In particular it analyzes the action of the PAA in Lagoa Seca-PB as an alternative to this process. The following methodological procedures were used: bibliographical research; documentary research on the program; survey of census data; and field research that included: visits to production and marketing units. Also were made twenty-four semi-structured interviews with family farmers, middlemen and the people responsible for the program in the city. The analysis results showed the importance of the PAA for support of peasant production in Lagoa Seca city, although still restricted in terms of benefit productive units and the value of the quota of each producer.

Las discusiones sobre la necesidad de soluciones a la problemática agraria en Brasil no es reciente. Su origen se remonta al siglo XIX, durante la lucha abolicionista (Targino, 2002). A partir de la presión de los movimientos sociales y la organización de los trabajadores, los asentamientos rurales surgen, para actuar como experiencias de lucha, de resistencia, que están contra el miedo y contra el modelo capitalizado para tratar la tierra como una mercancía. Sin embargo, al investigar el proceso contradictorio que implica las condiciones reales de su infraestructura, el mantenimiento, el desarrollo y la reproducción, vemos la esencia del problema de la subordinación productiva y territorial de la agricultura campesina al capital. En este sentido, la investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el proceso de monopolización del territorio por parte del capital en la agricultura campesina, los procesos de comprobación de dependencia y la recreación de la agricultura campesina en Asentamientos Rurales de la Reforma Agraria en la Sapé-PB, del PRONAF, teniendo en cuenta la acción el capital financiero territorial. Desde un punto de vista conceptual, este trabajo se centra en el territorio de los conceptos, el espacio, el capital financiero y Asentamiento Rural. En cuanto a la metodología, la propuesta es guiado por el materialismo histórico y dialéctico como método de interpretación de la realidad que tiene en cuenta la interacción entre sujetos y objetos de análisis. La escala de recorte comprende tres asentamientos de reforma agraria rurales ubicadas en Sapé-PB (Santa Helena, Boa Vista y la Rainha dos Anjos), y se analizó una muestra de 30% del público de acuerdo en que corresponde a sesenta y ocho familias. En la encuesta se encontró que la autonomía productiva se ve comprometida significativamente cara la dirección y el formato de la solicitud de crédito. Es decir, qué planta está aún determinado, limitado y ofreció institucionalmente. Logo no siempre implementado proyecto corresponde a los intereses y el aprendizaje de los campesinos acumulados, este aspecto identificado diluye la propuesta participativa PRONAF, que consecuentemente llevó a graves problemas en lo que respecta a los valores predeterminados y el endeudamiento. Por lo tanto, al tratar de reproducir el material, los colonos campesinos hacen uso de un conjunto de estrategias, que van desde la resistencia, desviar, hacia adelante y hacia atrás y rediseñar como un mosaico social. Por lo tanto, a pesar de las limitaciones y contradicciones verificados, no podemos negar el signo concreto que representa los Asentamientos en el camino desde una perspectiva de esperanza donde es posible pensar en la organización social y económica más allá de los dictados de la organización capitalista.

Currently, the most accepted model in the scientific community to explain the multifactorial origin of the pain is the biopsychosocial model. This model suggests that psychosocial factors also contribute to the onset of pain as well as physical / ergonomic factors. An branch important industrial of the secondary sector, the shoe industry has stood out negatively by the high number of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, the objective expected is investigate to the relationship between psychosocial factors and the development of musculoskeletal disorders related to work in production sectors of a great shoes industry. To achieve this objective, there was a systematic review in about 150 papers published in international journals with impact factor. We used the Nordic questionnaire to identify the symptoms of pain in the body segments. Psychosocial factors were evaluated by the scores of Job content questionnaire (JCQ) and the Effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (ERI), as well as other modern psychosocial factors, such as bullying, discrimination, job dissatisfaction, sexual harassment and stress. Quadrants were built to evaluate effect of the combination of demands (physical and psychological) with job control; and to evaluate the combination of effort and reward for the onset of pain. Ordinal logistic regression models were built relating the pain reported by employees and psychosocial factors, in order to verify the probability of a given psychosocial factors contribute to the emergence and worsening of pain in the worker's body. All body parts were affected by at least one psychosocial factor. It was observed that some psychosocial factors such as job dissatisfaction affect both sexes, leading to occurrence more frequent of pain in the wrist in men (OR = 2.61; 1.32-5.15) and women (OR = 3.88; 1.33-11.32). Factors such as stress, affect more men, leading to the appearance of more frequent pain (OR = 2.63; 1.26-5.45) and more intense pain (OR = 2.70; 1.32-5.52) in hands. Among women, other factors such as discrimination have impact on the appearance of more frequent pain (OR = 5.10; 1.52-17.13) and more intense pain (OR = 3.43; 1.15-10.23) in the neck. The quadrant that combines the high effort and low reward was the one that presented, for men, more risk for the appearance of frequent pain (OR = 14.35; 3.95-52.18) and intense pain (OR = 17.05; 4.61-63.12) in the neck; and more frequent pain (OR = 9.69; 2.30-40.79) and more intense (OR = 10.81; 2.58-45.23) at the head of women. Thus concluded that psychosocial factors may lead to the onset of pain in the regions of the human body.