RCAAP Repository

Darío Rojas (Curicó, 1983) holds a PhD in Hispanic Philology from the University of Valladolid and is a Professor at the Department of Linguistics of the University of Chile. His research addresses the formation of linguistic ideologies in Chile from the 19th century onward, within the framework of the Nation-State construction. In particular, he seeks to identify the role of the discourse and of the imaginary about languages (especially Spanish and Mapudungun) in the construction and legitimization of social inequalities in Chile, adopting the approach of glotopolitics. Not only has he written numerous articles for specialized journals on these topics, but he is also the author of the popular book ¿Por qué los chilenos hablamos como hablamos? Mitos e historia de nuestro lenguaje (2015). In this interview, guided by the framework of a project to translate a Chilean poet into Portuguese, he comments on the particularities of Chilean Spanish and the eminently political character of linguistic practices.

A partir de la propuesta teórica de la arqueología mediática, este texto presenta una metodología para observar la institucionalización del streaming en el Brasil contemporáneo. Se espera contribuir a la discusión sobre el tema formado que elabora un medio, con atención a su forma. Consiste en un mapeo de las relaciones de poder involucradas, con especial atención a la sedimentación en torno a una norma jurídica específica: la SeAC, la Ley del Servicio de Acceso Condicional. Desde la comprensión tanto de Foucault como de Deleuze y Guattari sobre la relación entre forma de expresión y contenido, el concepto de diagrama, la visión particular de los signos y la idea de transformación incorpórea, los términos de esta ley se entienden como permisos y impedimentos que definen el horizonte en el que se puede organizar el audiovisual online. Mapear estas fuerzas significa identificar los puntos clave en disputa en la redacción de esta ley y en un intento de disolverla: el sistema de cuotas propuesto entonces y la separación de activos creada para proteger las operaciones de transmisión local. Ambos consisten en barreras al imperativo de un intenso desplazamiento a una velocidad intensa, rasgo identificado por Virilio como factor clave de la modernidad, que, en streaming, está en pleno funcionamiento.

Last developments show that over-population, modern life and physical or mental health problems have steered the people to nature and isolated areas. It will be understood that camp and caravan tourism offers exciting experiences which demonstrate the value of the nature gives the chance to learn living with limited minimal conditions and especially provide secure tourism activities alternatively to current Covid-19 pandemic period negative tourism developments. The study aims to show how camp and caravan tourism can be an alternative for modern people insisting on sustainable and healthy tourism activities with social distance and isolated living instead of huge hedonic, unnecessary, luxury consumption and crowd living spaces. The study has constructed on a theoretical approach based on literature review and to support the theories web-based observational and hermeneutic analysis have been hold. Some potential geographies like Latin America and Europe have been selected to explain the contribution of camp and caravan tourism. Key words: Camp and Caravan Tourism; Sustainability; Environmental Sensitivity; Covid-19 Pandemic.

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa que investigou as possibilidades e limites da articulação da intersetorialidade entre as políticas de saúde e assistência social, em âmbito municipal. Teve o objetivo de descrever as ações intersetoriais realizadas pelos tecnicos que materializam estas políticas, as conquistas e os entravés para sua execução.A abordagem utilizada foi qualitativa, a partir de pesquisa documental e de campo. Os resultados demonstram que as ações intersetoriais são ainda incipientes e compoem um cenário desafiador. Estão atreladas a ações pontuais e a determinados programas e projetos sociais. Apesar de haver iniciativas e esforços, especialmente por parte dos profissionais da assistência social, ela nao se efetiva integralmente em nível institucional.Agir de modo intersetorial é um desafio para o municipio e sua superação requer o envolvimento de gestores e profissionais na construção de uma gestão comprometida com a integralidade da proteção social.

We propose a full translation from English into Brazilian Portuguese of the literary essay entitled A Note on Realism, written by the Scottish poet and writer Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894). The essay was originally published in 1912 as part of Essays in The Art of Writing (1917). In it, Stevenson addressed issues of writing technique associated with elements of style and form as applied to works of literature in order to reveal the originality of the writer’s literary project.

Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa que investigou impactos econômicos, sociais e culturais na vida de moradoras/es remanescentes atingidas/os pela intervenção urbanística Orla, que compõe o Projeto Portal da Amazônia em Belém do Pará. A pesquisa foi orientada pelo método do materialismo histórico e dialético e contou com levantamento bibliográfico, documental e de campo. Foram entrevistados/as 39 moradores/as não removidos/as pelo referido Projeto. Durante a pesquisa, pôde-se perceber a memória dos/as moradores/as como forma de resistência às lógicas do projeto, tensionando os discursos oficiais de resgate do contato com o rio e de democratização da orla. Verificou-se que a implementação do Projeto Orla reforça a segregação socioespacial, agrava as condições de moradia e a insegurança da posse. A pesquisa revelou, ainda, como o lugar da memória, do vivido e do valor de uso contrapõe-se ao lugar da intervenção, do valor de troca e da cidade mercantilizada.

Expediente, Volume 20, nr. 2

As reflexões que compõem este volume propõem uma convergência de saberes que procuram expandir o entendimento sobre o campo comunicacional. Desde perspectivas eminentemente teóricas até propostas crítico-analíticas de objetos comunicacionais e midiáticos buscamos oferecer ao leitor uma multiplicidade de olhares. 

Abstract: This text presents the book Veal, A.J. (2019) Whatever Happened to the Leisure Society? London: Routledge, 296 p. It shows the previous studies on leisure field, makes a balance of the area and an assessment of the book reviewed. Keywords: Leisure; History; Social Change; Society.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of learned resourcefulness and the dimensions of perceived social support on work stress and whether there is a moderating role of the dimensions of perceived social support in the relationship between learned resourcefulness and work stress in hotel businesses. With this purpose, judgmental sampling method was preferred as the sampling method in this study and data were collected from the employees of four- and five-star hotels in Cappadocia through questionnaires. Data were examined with simple and multiple linear regression and hierarchical regression analyses. Based on the results of the study, a negative effect of both learned resourcefulness and the “family” dimension of perceived social support on work stress was discovered; but the effects of “friend” and “significant other” dimensions on work stress were insignificant. In addition, another result was that the “family” dimension of perceived social support played a moderating role in the relationship between learned resourcefulness and work stress. Finally, recommendations were made based on the findings.

O artigo resgata alguns elementos determinantes do processo sócio-histórico que marcam o desenvolvimento das cidades no Brasil. Com isso, busca analisar quais os rebatimentos da crise urbana na vida da classe trabalhadora no contexto atual da pandemia do novo coronavírus. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa de revisão bibliográfica, ancorada na perspectiva teórico-crítica da realidade social que busca, a partir da interlocução com autores/as que tratam sobre a temática, contribuir com o debate sobre a produção da segregação social e espacial no território urbano, a luta de classes pelo direito à cidade, e, os desafios emergentes da crise capital-pandêmica. Conclui-se que o advento e espraiamento do Sars-Cov-2 em terras brasileiras agudizam e aprofundam as desigualdades sociais já existentes em nosso território, tornando-se urgente a necessidade de organização política dos(as) trabalhadores(as) na luta pelo direito à vida e pela construção de uma nova ordem social.

Development theories are described as a comprehensive philosophy that underpins development policies. Tourism, which is used as a development tool for developing countries, is a field that is influenced by developmental theories and shaped by the perspectives of these theories. Therefore, understanding development theories is important for understanding the development process of tourism. This study was carried out in Turkey which is one of the countries where ecotourism is used as a development tool. In this context, Turkey's emerging ecotourism area of Sapanca, which is defined as the study of the universe and the new regionalism theory shaping tourism policy aimed to investigate the reflections of real life through ecotourism. In this regard, a questionnaire answered by 395 local people were matched for the reflection of regional development theories in the region base on the theory and practice.  From the research results, it was concluded that ecotourism policies prepared under the new regionalism theories have a positive effect on the development of the region. Therefore, the answers of the questionnaire has proved that ecotourism has been successfully applied within the scope of the new regionalism theory in the regional development of Sapanca both in theory and practice. Key words: Regional Development; Ecotourism; Regional Development Theory; Sapanca; Turkey.

Sebastião de Souza é diretor de Transplante de Mãe (episódio de Em Cada Coração um Punhal, 1969), dos curtas Cu da Mãe (1969) e Festa do Divino (1969) e do longa O Quarto da Viúva (1975). Nesta entrevista comenta sua trajetória no cinema, em especial, as contundentes obras que realizou no contexto pós-AI-5 e sua colaboração com cineastas como Roberto Santos, Luiz Sérgio Person, Maurice Capovilla, Sylvio Back e Carlos Reichenbach. Com longeva trajetória no teatro e na fotografia, estreou no cinema como assistente de direção e diretor de arte de O Caso dos Irmãos Naves (1967) e, a partir de então, colaborou nas mais diversas funções em projetos emblemáticos do cinema paulista, em um contexto no qual emerge uma nova geração de cineastas — pertencentes ao dito “cinema de invenção” — em busca de novas formas de significação e reação ao contexto autoritário imposto após o Golpe de 1964. Neste sentido, obras como Cu da Mãe e Transplante de Mãe, cujas trilhas sonoras são assinadas por ninguém menos do que Rogério Duprat, são exemplos ímpares de um projeto de cinema que — em meio a um momento de forte censura e repressão como aquele que marcou o fim da década de 1960 — resiste e subverte as normas a partir de uma fruição da “liberdade do fazer”, como o próprio cineasta define, em uma radical experimentação dos limites da representação sensível às tendências contraculturais e ao tropicalismo.

This is a new Brazilian Portuguese translation with notes of chapters I to XIII of Of the Manner in Which the Persecutors Died (De mortibus persecutorum), written by the North African Christian author Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius at the beginning of the 4th century. In the first part of this work, Lactantius reports the persecutions that Christians communities suffered, since Emperor Nero’s reign until the publication of the first Edict of Diocletian, which initiated the Great Persecution (303-311). To translate the selected chapters, we followed the Latin text established by Jacques Moreau for the French translation, edited for the Sources Chrétiennes (1954), and compared it with the text from the Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum (1897) edited by Samuel Brandt and Georg Laubmann.

The main purpose of this study is to generate estimates of the total income and tourist arrivals in the tourism industry with the Covid-19 pandemic in the next five years (2020-2024). For this purpose, estimates were produced through ARV formulation considering the secondary data obtained from the official statistics in the 1995-2018 UNWTO reports and three different scenarios published in the World Economic Outlook April report. Taking the emerging results into account, if the Covid-19 pandemic lasts longer than expected (the best of the worst scenario), the next five years’ average tourist arrival shrinkage maybe -5,04% and an economic loss of $70.6 billion may occur. However, according to the worst-case scenario, an annual contraction of -11.54% and an economic loss of 141.8 billion dollars are expected in the tourism sector.

The covid-19 pandemic has had unprecedented effects without distinction between the public and private sectors. Service industries that have been interrelated in different ways have felt the effectsmore. The airline industry is the most important service-intensive sector and the COVID-19 era has important effects on the demand and supply of the industry. The demandside analysis of the industry, which has been consisted of the passengers, is important to understand in the COVID-19 era. The travel intention of airline passengers will play a critical role in the recovery process of the industry in the pandemic process. The study aims to reveal the antecedents of airline passengers' travel intentions in the COVID-19 era. The empirical data were collected through respondents in Turkey. The PLS-SEM was employed to test the hypotheses. Findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between travel intention and trust, perceived risk, perceived value, habit. Also, the findings show that there is no relationship between travel intention and social norms. According to the mediation analysis results, it was found that the trust and social norms in airline services directly affects the air travel intention, as well as indirectly by reducing the perceived risk.

Although scholars have been particularly fascinated by the effects of covid19, no less true seems to be that we know little about its evolution and practical effects in the tourism industry. What is more important, the real implications of the pandemic in the global economy, as well as tourism, are uncertain (Romagosa, 2020; Korstanje 2020). In the mid of this mayhem, some voices have alerted on the opportunities of COVID19 to re-found the epistemological borders of tourism research (Wen et al 2020; Rogerson & Baum, 2020) while others called their attention to the problems of an ecological crisis precipitated by the capitalist system (Gossling, Scott & Hall, 2020; Prayag, 2020; Higgins-Desbiolles, 2020). The economic-based theory, which over years monopolized knowledge production and distribution in the academic tribes, failed not only to give a precise definition of tourism but to consolidate the discipline as a serious option. Based on the needs of protecting businesses or the organic image of the destination, this theory emphasized the figure the tourist as the only source of valid information. Still further, the economic-based paradigm has invariably led the discipline towards an unparalleled crisis, as some scholars adhere (Tribe, Dann & Jamal, 2015; Tribe 1997; 2010). As Adrian Franklin (2007) puts it, “tourist-centricity” exhibits a restrictive viewpoint of tourism which is limited to a managerial perspective based on the tourist as the only agent of the system. As a result of this, other actors and voices are pushed away to peripheral places. To some extent, COVID19, so far, shows the impossibility to make applied research in a world without tourists. Having said this, the present issue explores not only the limitation of the current tourism theory –and research- but also the opportunities and challenges posed on the industry in the years to come.

This paper analyses the effects of the first seven months of the Covid-19 pandemic on youth travel. Surveys of youth travel businesses between March and September 2020 showed youth tourism businesses were severely impacted, with a 26% drop in business volume in Quarter 1 of 2020 falling to -70% by May 2020. Business prospects for the year 2020 were dire and more than 80% of businesses expected their business prospects to get worse over the coming year. The effects of the pandemic were felt in all world regions and across almost all industry sectors. Youth travel businesses adopted a range of tactical and strategic measures in response to the crisis, including changing terms and conditions, increased marketing, creating partnerships and shifting business online. As youth travel depends on social interaction there are major challenges for the industry in future, but also a number of potential opportunities, such as the growth in domestic travel and the rise of digital nomads.  Keywords: Coronavirus / Covid-19; Crisis; Business impacts; Youth travel; digital nomads.

The recent virus outbreak of COVID-19 (SARS-COV2), a new virus of the Coronavirous family has brought indescribable consequences for global commerce, mobilities and even for the industry of tourism. To some extent, some voices alerted on the idea probably tourism would be radically shifted, or scholars would witness the end of tourism as known before COVID-19. Most certainly, several studies will be published in the next years on the effects of this virus in the tourism and hospitality industry. This paper explores the changes and challenges of tourism research and epistemology in the years to come. Today´s tourism research is based on the needs of asking (interviewing tourists) to test operational hypotheses. From this viewpoint, the tourist seems to be the main source of information towards the consolidation of tourism research. Of course, the lack of activity and the cancellations of flights and bookings, following this reasoning, entail the end of tourism research. This conceptual work focuses on the complex nature of tourism – as a resilient activity – as well as the rise of new forms of tourism which will surely interrogate the discipline.   Key words: COVID-19; Mobilities; Crises; Tourism; End of tourism research.