RCAAP Repository

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

The study area is located in Uberlandia - MG, in the Experimental Farm of Glory, becoming an integral part of Triangulo Mineiro, located in the western portion of the state of Minas Gerais under morphostructural in Paraná Sedimentary Basin, as part of \" Morphoclimatic Domain of Cerrados \"where are found the different vegetation types that comprise the savannahs in Brazil. Among the soil more susceptible to erosion highlight the Entisols, Inceptisols, Ultisols and sandy loam Oxisols, which occur in the Cerrado region with major Latossolo to medium texture. In this context the object of study is the main channel of a gully with over 30 years of existence, it has 250 meters of extension with a maximum depth of 8 meters. This area is highly degraded by human action, marked the beginning of their exploitation by the removal of natural vegetation for pasture formation and later with exploration activity gravel. With the development of these activities and the lack of adequate management and soil conservation, soil erosion established in the area. The gully erosion processes are well developed work processes where surface and subsurface, being difficult to stabilize. The genesis of formation of gullies can arise from several causes, and can highlight the concentrated runoff, the evolution of gullies and subsidence of the ground surface due to headward erosion. Referring to these erosive processes can be applied physical, biological and soil, in order to prevent or reduce the effects of degradation. Measures physical or mechanical practices are those that make use of artificial structures in order to reduce the flow of surface water flow, intercepting it and making this happen so will minimize the loss of soil aggregates. In this context, the objective is to adapt the technical barrier palisade applied by Machado et al (2006 ) to contain sediment in a gully, where the presence of water is constant throughout the year. The technique seeks to elevate the level of base and contain sediment within the gully through adaptations made by the technical barrier of palisades. 5 stockade barriers were constructed between July 05 and September 15, 2011 , staying in monitoring these dates through the month of December 2012. 3 these barrier were constructed of wood and 2 barrier of bamboo, to identify whether there is difference in resistance between these materials. For evaluation of the proposed measures were monitored rainfall data, flow and sediment dissolved in water seeping through gully, from July 2010 until December 2012, one year before the application of the technique, and a half years after the construction of barriers. After installation of the barriers has happened ruptions of these barriers, what to made necessary to further adapt the technique, however got positive results with sediment retention until the top of one of the barriers in the study period. The results show the effectiveness of the barriers built through precipitation data, flow, sediment dispersed in water and sediment accumulated in the barriers .

Cities are configured to serve the interests of a particular dominant group, formed by the political and economic elite, which articulate with each other actions that benefit the restricted shares. Thus, the urban space, as well as social aspects, is contradictory and uneven, damaging much of the population that depends on the infrastructure, arranged by public authorities and entrepreneurs, to work, study, play, or live. Urban public policies developed in Brazil from the 1988 Federal Constitution, represented progress toward democratization of cities, as opposed to the logic of interests focused on real estate speculation. However, the instruments created by the Brazilian legislation are not used fully, hindering the formation of fair cities. The union of political agents to real estate developers and landowners results in works that disrupt the dynamics of urban space, benefiting certain regions over others. In this sense, the objective of this study is to analyze, from the Eastern Sector of Uberlandia (MG), the formation of urban space through planning legislation and policies and economic joints that result in the contradictions of the city. For this, we analyzed some important characters and events in the history of the city, the actions of entrepreneurs, politicians and the elite who designed the city from the progressive and elitist concept. The formation of urban policies in Brazil, which culminated in the Municipal Master Plans and the Statute of the City, were addressed and the Master Plans of Uberlandia (MG) analyzed. Finally, there was the study, under the critical bias, of the production of space in Sector East of the city. The choice of this sector from Uberlandia (MG), as the object of study is justified by speculative interests who designed the formation of the region\'s districts and the dynamic of investments concentrated in the sector, the major infrastructure and urban facilities in the city. The political interest for the development of the Eastern Sector is evidenced by the joints between the government and the landowners, forming, however, structured centralities and peripheries without infrastructure. The procedures used were based on research related to the authors who discuss the construction of urban space influenced by capital, the works related to urban dynamics of Uberlandia (MG) and characters, enterprises and policies that participated in the formation of urban space Eastern sector of the city. Despite the spatial area of the analysis of the production of the city, this study contains the proposal to illustrate the constitution of the urban environment by economic forces, as can occur in other locations.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

This research has goal at understanding the evaluation of the environmental quality of water and sediment from the watershed Stream Pond. We also analyzed the environmental impacts of urban activities on the rise, directly focused on environmental health, based on the physical analysis, chemical and biological water and sediments. To achieve the proposed objectives, we used data collection, theoretical information regarding the topic, survey of the main points of anthropogenic degradation. The samples of water and sediments were collected in 1 high course and at the midpoint 2 course in stream Pond in the dry season and rainy. The results of physical and chemical analysis, water were framed as class II. Among the parameters analyzed are: air temperature and water; pH- hydrogen ionic potential; turbidity; CODChemical oxygen demand; BOD- biochemical oxygen demand; DO dissolved oxygen; fecal coliforms; TDS- total dissolved solids; OM- organic matter; electrical conductivity; nitrite and nitrate; chlorides and sulfates; total hardness; free residual chlorine; Hydrogen sulfide fluorides and cyanides and potentially toxic metals. We can conclude that water and sediment are non-standard physical, chemical and biological qualities allowed for parameters related to fecal coliforms, total, organic matter, phosphate, conductivity, ammonia nitrogen, iron, chromium, nickel, lead in water and copper and lead in the sediment. It was found in this research, it will take more commitment from the government in carrying out projects that enable the sustainability of the watershed Stream Pond.

This research proposes the study of the trajectory of the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) and its transformations in the territory and society, since the period of its foundation (1922) to the coup d\'État of 1964 - that established a long military dictatorship in the country. With the immigrants, especially in the late 19th century and early 20th century, the anarchist and socialist ideas arrived in Brazil. The Brazil was a predominantly agrarian country and, during the period studied, goes through an urbanization and industrialization process, with major changes in their space. The rising of Brazilian worker class seeks forms of struggle and resistance. In 1922, under the influence of the Russian Revolution (1917), many combat veterans of social struggles founded the one that is the political party of longest life in the country, the PCB. Almost all of the party\'s life - in the temporal cut adopted in this research -, the PCB has kept in illegality, which derives several problems. All over its existence, the PCB adopts different policies, sometimes with a sectarian inclination, sometimes with a character of democratic formation. Due to the different policies and conjectures, the party has times of great popular support, especially in large urban centers, with workers concentrations and land conflict. After the military coup d État in 1964, when the Brazilian bourgeoisie ratified its choice for a capitalism that is dependent of the great powers and authoritative with their workers, the PCB, with a variety of reasons, has greatly diminished his expression on the national political scene.

The region of Serra da Boa Vista, situated in the Triângulo Mineiro/MG, is characterized by residual relives of formations Marília and Adamantina. Not different of other areas that develop farming activities of Brazil, the use of the ground resulted in some environmental problems. The erosion of the soil manifest as the biggest problem for the people who make the use of the land, and is between the greaters causes of economic and environmental damages, in reason of the impossibility of use of extensive areas and devaluates the property. The objective of the work was to characterize and to evaluate the responsible factors for the development of erosive aspects (gullies) in an area delimited for this end, located in the Serra da Boa Vista, delimited for the geographic coordinates 19º29' 14.0 of south latitude/ 49º12' 56.2 of longitude west. Surveys of field, assays of laboratory in mechanics of ground and of field (in situ) had been realized in the attempt to understand the responsible factors and processes for the development of these erosive aspects. Results of grain sized analyses of the soil, had evidenced an interval between 49,2% and 73,3% of Sand, 14.9% and 26.3% of Silte and 11.8% and 27.1% of Clay. Permeability tests realized in situ, with use of the Guelph Infiltrometer, got values of coefficients of permeability (k) relatively raised, in order of 10-3 cm/s. The accomplishment of the consolidation test made possible the gain of the porosity (η) of the soil and its void ratio. The use of the Blue one of Methylene for attainment of the Cationic Exchange Capacity (EC) and of the Specific Surface (SS), evidenced relatively high values of the EC in samples of the right side of the erosion in reason of the raised rate of present organic substance in the superficial layers of the ground soil samples of the left side had presented inferior values. The erodibility of the soil was quantified by means of the water absorption test and Loss of Mass for Immersion, the gotten results presents a high dispersibility of the soil when immersed of water. From the data of field and laboratory tests, it can be affirmed that the origin and evolution of the erosive aspects (gullies) in the studied area, suffer effect from natural factors and antropogenics antagonistics: of one side, the ones that premake the erosion (soil of arenaceous characteristics, accented declivity, use of the ground with the withdrawal of the original natural covering, superficial draining of raised energy proceeding from the portions of top of the residual ones); of the other, the ones that tend to give stability to the soil (presence of the organic substance that, in set with the grassy roots, adds the soil of the superficial portion of the profile).

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

The research purpose has been to analyze the effects of PRONAF in agrarian reform settlements in the city of Uberlândia-MG, considering the changes that occurred in the economic, social and ideological aspects after joining the program. For such, it was necessary a historical survey of agrarian and agricultural public policies by the Brazilian government since the 1950s, moment of transition from the current production model in the country. The agricultural modernization policy undertaken in this period has left a legacy of exclusion and numerous social problems in rural Brazil, as it was not designed for every kind of farmers. Thus, the peasant farming, also called small farming or smallscale production, neglected by the government during the agricultural modernization, returned to the official debates in the late 1980s. Social movements began to question and demand attention to the most overlooked category in the Brazilian countryside, along with international organizations that pressured the government to address the issue of small production in the country. Therefore, in 1996 it is created the first and only program for the family farmer in Brazil, the PRONAF. Starting with the PRONAF, various changes began to occur in the Brazilian countryside, including the spread of a new concept, family farming. This concept is an ideological discourse of modernity associated with small farmers/peasants, propagated by various sectors of Brazilian society. In this sense, agrarian reform settlers also are now considered to be farmers and, as such, begin to drawn into the dynamic of PRONAF. With that in mind, the research seeks to analyze the changes that occurred after the use of PRONAF in one of the settlements in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, the PA Patience, which, because it presents several particularities, along with the PRONAF, has managed to consolidate itself as one of the settlements of agrarian reform better structured and productive in the region, despite the implications of the inclusion of agrarian reform settlers in the guidelines of a public policy with capital bias. Therefore, we intend to understand the dynamics, the ideology and the effects of a public policy that seeks to insert a category that s historically excluded from the official debates, but which currently presents significant economic and social importance for the country, raising questions present in current debates about the Brazilian countryside, such as land reform, agribusiness, rural development, family and peasant farming. In addition to find out what PRONAF actually represents as a public policy or the class to which it was intended.

Crime is now one of the biggest social problems with which the Brazilian society lives. It comes as a serious issue because it reaches all Brazilian and exposes too important to risk legal interests, such as property, physical integrity, peace, and even life. So, we have to study that might encourage understanding of the ways in which crime occurs at facilitating the prevention and combat. The crime stems from a social relationship, occurring in certain areas. The same has its expansion and virtually origin in the cities and in them settled territories where they are practiced. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the relationship between town and crime. For this, the city of Catalão (GO) located in the southeastern state of Goias and in central Brazil, midsize, and thriving economic and social situation has been chosen as the object of study of this work. To carry out the analysis were determined eight years of occurrence of the five major crimes. Between the period 2006-2013 the theft offenses, theft, threat, murder, drug trafficking and its derivatives were studied, and this has been possible through the data obtained from the database of the Civil Goiás state police. The most frequent studies crimes in the city during the analysis period allowed the understanding that the shape and profile of the crimes that most occur change with time, and has allowed to view the relationship among all other crimes to trafficking in narcotic perhaps the most current social problem in Brazil. Thus, it was still considered as trade in narcotics occurs in the city of Catalan and how this crime is incorporated in the urban space and modifies the daily life of society. During the study, we understand that the crime mapping tool furthers our understanding of the occupation of these in urban areas and collaborates with practical prevention and combating of crime, making it a great ally of the police and political bodies responsible for public security in the country.

The history of the language and communication along the evolutionary path of the human, being had its constitution invariably permeated by technique and technology, with the invention of devices for interactive communication and led to the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), which from the second half of the 20th century became, a major advance communicational and informational use by increasingly extensive communicational devices in digital format. With the emergence of Information Technology and the Internet in the 1970s it was found that the constitution of a Society as Network architecture based on the transmission of information in which the subject is a \"node\" in a web of relations and digital interactive with extensive use of the technique and technology. The ICT in this Society Network contribute to important changes in thinking space, culture and society. In this context, the Education in the perspective of teacher training are impacted by the inclusion of ICT in the university and school. The training of teachers in Geography is integrated in this scenario for the processing of technical nature, theoretical-methodological and teaching with respect to the use of ICT in teaching this school discipline. The professors who are challenged to modify their teaching practice, in the direction of providing the students of the undergraduate course in Geography of Universidade Federal de Uberlandia - UFU, the opportunity of a full training in which the preparation is interdisciplinary and the theory-practice includes methodologies for the use of ICT.

This work is the result of an agreement between the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia and the Universidade do Minho (Portugal) in 2013, which scope included the analysis of care programs offered to the population of Uberlândia (MG) related to reproductive health, considering its effectiveness and effecacy in the perception of users and employees in relation to the services, which are considered as objects and central objectives of this dissertation. To this aim, it conducted a situational diagnosis of maternal and child care using the ratio of maternal mortality, near miss and an assessment of the perceptions of professionals and users of the Sistema Único de Saúde. The analyzes showed that existing reproductive health policies evolved from the exclusively curative service and had the aim only to ensure the reproductive capacity of women, as in the biomedical view, to the inclusion of comprehensive health care programs to various segments of society. Currently, most of the reproductive health care occurs through the primary health care, particularly by the Family Health Strategy. Although current policies seek to comply with the gender issue and humanization, its effectiveness usually focuses on healing issues at the expense of health promotion, by the lack of training of staff and structure or the daily work. This procedure perpetuates the biomedical vision of care and makes it necessary to systematically carry out assessments. The assessment of knowledge and perceptions of users and health professionals about reproductive health indicated that it is necessary to: (a) provide training courses for professionals; (b) carry out comprehensive guidance to users, particularly on contraception and family planning; (c) disclose the available services. One of the common problems is the existence of a vicious circle in which the health users do not know the services so do not seek them; if not seek them, they are not informed. With the abstention of health professionals in carrying out guidance on various aspects of reproductive health, this role has been assumed by family, friends, school, religious leaders and media, improving users knowledge, however in a partial way and that hinders their effective citizenship. A situational analysis of the maternalnewborn health care in Uberlândia indicated that maternal mortality is a result from a negligent prenatal care and there is a predominance in due to obstetric complications. This is worrying since the occurrence of cesareans tends to increase and shows the necessity of a improvement of prenatal and of early identification of pregnant women. The analysis of the perceptions showed the quality of the service and indicated that there were cases of lack of humanization of childbirth. Finally, it was evidenced that most problems in reproductive health care attencion in this research may be resolved with the effectuation of the Stork Network Program, which aims the expansion and improvement of prenatal care, training of professionals and humanized care. It also reinforces the need to practice health promotion, which is a new paradigm that should be better worked at the healthcare centers.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Esta investigaciónen cuentra contexto enel mundo de losgitanos, estos se encuentranenel PA Paulo Faria . En este estudio abordamos la historia y elorigen del pueblogitano, señalamos la participación de losromaníesenla vida social enla AP Paulo Faria . Por lo tanto, se presenta latrayectoria de este grupo social tanpococonocido. Nos problematizarlasituación de un grupo con una identidadcolectiva claramente definido enlabúsqueda de nuevos retos en una mezcla y elcontactodirectoconeldiseño de laidentidad diferenciada de sus súbditos, lacreación de una nuevaidentidadasunto: lagitana se sienta. Por lo tanto, se investigó acerca de los modos de vida de losgitanos y suterritorialidad. Se demuestra que estos temas sólodifierenencuestionesculturales, losdemásciudadanosbrasileños, y que demuestranlaposibilidad de solicitar una visualizaciónefectiva de derechos que los elementos efectivos de lasociedadbrasileña. El objetivo principal es a través de lacomprensión de losprocesosterritoriales de losgitanos se establecieronenelAcuerdo Paulo Faria proyectoconelfin de llevar a cabo lainvestigación sobre las formas de vida de losgitanos y suterritorialidad, teniendoencuentalacuestión de laliquidacióncorrespondiente se convirtió Enfoque disputa por elterritorio entre losgitanos y los campesinos. Metodológicamente realizado búsquedasenla literatura enlos periódicos y medios de comunicacióndigitales, visitas a los sindicatos y asociaciones de trabajadoresrurales y losmovimientossociales vinculados a la lucha por latierra realizado. El trabajo de campo fuemuy importante para que podamos elaborar un diagnóstico para entender eltamañodel área y laexpansión de los lotes dentro delasentamiento. Sobre lacuestión de sus andanzas, entendemos que losgitanos, que se mueve a una ubicaciónfijaenlared de territorio que es parte de suplan para obtenerlosmedios de subsistencia. Por lo tanto, como se ha investigado, nos damoscuenta de que hay una adquisición de otros significados enla vida de Roma, debido a lasnuevas realidades reafirmados / practicadas por losgitanos y payosenelmismoespacio. A pesar de esta absorcióngitanos no dejará de ser gitanos, pero se conviertenen titulares de medios técnicos y funcionales para sobreviviren unas reglas de las sociedades gestionadas. Durante el debate, hemosseñaladolaparticipación de losromaníesenlosmovimientossociales que luchan por latierra y, sobre todo enelasentamiento Paulo Faria .

The broad objective of this research is to comprehend the traditions, customs and the culture of the farmers of the municipal district of Indianópolis, as well as the region in which it is located; The Triângulo Mineiro. The approach adopted, specifically focused on understanding how the culture and the religious beliefs of the farmers of Indianópolis have changed, due to the process of economic modernization which is occurring in Brazil and in the world. The modernization of the Brazilian economy, which is accelerated by globalization, has dismantled the traditional national productive systems, chiefly in the Cerrado Biome, consequently triggering profound cultural and religious transformations in municipal and in the city of Indianópolis, chiefly since the 1970 s. The research basically focused on analyzing how cultural and religious practices have changed over time, as a result of the advance of capitalism, in addition to examining the modernization of agriculture in the region, direct result of the implementation of modern agricultural technologies. Furthermore, the research also analyzed the spatial transformations which occurred in the city of Indianópolis, owing to faith becoming spatial. Finally, it discusses the expansion, performance, organization, and expansion strategy of Indianópolis Municipality s Pentecostal churches Christian Congregation of Brazil and Assembly of God , over the last decades of the twentieth century and beginning of the twenty-first century, while taking into account that the municipality of Indianópolis was initially, essentially catholic.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

With this dissertation, it\'s sought to understand what the possible destination of the Quilombolas\' Communities Remaining residing in the area searched entitled map of Cruls Mission. That region was the main topic for the new capital was built on the site, led by Professor Luis Cruls and other researchers. Thus, we intend to understand how to proceed this place of choice, understand the possible reallocations of communities and then establish a local mapping and CRQs that remained scattered throughout the region. For us to reach this goal, we started the process by understanding the origin of slavery, passing by atypical moments in Africa until his arrival in Brazil, besides the movement of \"rebellion\" and the appearance of quilombos in the main regions of the country. It sought to recognize what were the black people conditions in Brazilian society between the late nineteenth century and early twentieth; how was the displacement thereof to the cities and the \"new\" social hierarchy; what was the conception of \"white\" (the ruling classes) about black people in Brazil; scientism and the \"whitening\" of the population; giving important contribution to the recognition of national identity and unity of Brazil. It used to, then, a brief study on the Federal Constitution of 1988, which was the starting point for the creation of the Quilombolas\' Territories Remaining - TRQs could be recognized as such in our country. It permeates by amendments, articles and supplementary regulations, seeking to understand the meaning of the term \"traditional peoples\" in the initial legislation, for a concise definition of the concept Quilombola Territory Remaining; the difficulties of demarcation of the lands; the difficulties of integrating communities in Brazilian society. The contributions that Brazil Quilombola Program gave for better visibility to the proposes from 1988 and that public policy could bring greater benefit to effect the title to CRQs, giving it definitive title to their lands are analyzed. It presents, in this context, the map of Cruls Mission, area of research, analyzing the importance of Quilombolas\'s Communities in the area, believing that such geographical context contributed significantly, as escape and refuge zone, from which emerged the main formations of quilombolas\'s territories of that region. Then it recognizes the Cruls Mission as map as a \"frontier\" - marginal zone - where moved the runaway slaves, which strengthened the union of a space where was born a third culture, part of African, part of indigenous, part of European, but above all else, Brazilian. It understands within these aspects of the great contribution that CRQs brought to the occupation of the central zone and the possible challenges of \"black identity\", generated by urbanization and integration of now afro-brazilians, with whom they could develop better advances within the communities that were studied. It is confirmed that the process of modernization and its arrival on CRQs in the Missão Cruls Script led to great loss of their culture and tradition, which often were exterminated as a whole, generating the razing of traditional production systems. The impossibility of existence of traditional ways of farming in the face of modernization led to aggressive trigger this problem. By mapping the CRQs in the Missão Cruls Script is intended to provide: the Quilombolas\'s Territories Remaining already demarcated; the entitlinged; and those which are in the area in the entitling phase.

The water is currently the most relevant natural resource on the planet, this fact is due to its multiple uses, which are related to the human consumption, agricultural and industrial activities. Thus it is clear the dependency scenario that society has front to water resources, therefore these are necessary both for survival as for the development of their socio-economic activities. It is known that human activities which consumes and degrades significantly water resources, have contributed to the setting of interdependence between society and those resources that becomes increasingly compromised. Globally there are theorists who argue that the problems related to water resources come from their mismanagement and not of its scarcity (Rogers et al., 2006). However there are those who analyze this issue more comprehensively, putting that the \"water crisis\" is a reflection of a number of problems in the environmental framework which are aggravated due to economic factors and social development (Gleick, 2000 apud Tundisi, 2008). Is in this context, of deterioration caused by the reckless use of water resources in Brazil and in the world, which has raised the interest of understand the dynamics in the basin of Glória stream, located in Uberlândia, through the relation between land use and the quality of the water study s area. Aiming thus establish the current environmental situation of water resources in the study area facing the local environmental scenario currently post. To do this, will be used the application method of Water Quality Index (WQI), to verify the quality levels that are the water of the study basin. To Comitesinos (1990) a WQI expresses in a synthesized way the quality stage of a certain watercourse as a numerical value for a given time and place. This fact makes water quality information be presented to the public with uniformity making them more useful to policy and planning agencies (Almeida & Schwarzbold, 2003). The currently study has used the WQI developed by CETESB (Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo) which one is originated from an adaptation made in the index created by - National Sanitation Foundation. The mapping of use and occupation of land were made using LANDSAT 8 satellite images, worked in ArcGIS 10.1 software. It aimed to select orbited images as close as possible to the quality of the water sample campaign dates in order to enable the relation between them. In the discussion of the results about the quality of water, we tried to analyze them in two different ways, that means, the data were analyzed separately and grouped form in the index constitution. This enabled that better conclusions were drawn, and thus related to land use, fact that contributed to the verification that the uses influenced the quality of water levels of the watershed of Glória.