RCAAP Repository

With the continued development of devices and greater processing power, a greater amount of technologies can be noticed, both to help in the routine of people as well as those who need it, not only making certain tasks easier, but making them possible. Combined Assistive Technologies _Computer vision techniques have an important relevance to assist the navigation of visual customers, allowing social inclusion and security. Progress in its development depends mainly on the participation and commitment of the government, industry, research institutes and academia. This work aims, from depth images, to segment objects and detect free paths in images of closed environments, thus simulating the challenges faced by the visually impaired when they are in a hotel room, or living room, that are unknown to them. As a basis for the system of computer vision techniques and tools, such as _ bilateral noise reduction filter, _ linear algebra was also used to locate planes and image replication for a graph in order to reduce reprocesses, reducing processing time by up to 50% when compared to other methods such as RANSAC or edge detection, and still maintaining the accuracy of 95% in different scenarios: without free corridors, corridors with obstacles, paths with steps and passages totally obstacle. Once the scenario is partitioned, the information obtained can be used later for navigation, finding free paths and notifying the user of the existence of obstacles.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

This research has as object of study the string literature of Rodolfo Coelho Cavalcante from the perspective of the string as a document of History and tool of political and social criticism. In cordel literature, the poet is considered the transmitter / creator of events. He observes, feels and represents the information through the string stanzas. Thus, through the study of the booklet Politics, inflation and famine. The Brazilians, from the aforementioned author, are starving, observing the general characteristics of the cordel to identify in the text social, political, economic and cultural relations. The theoretical and methodological frameworks of this research are supported by Antonio Candido, a literary critic who observes the close relationship between literature and society, form and History, text and social context. Peter Burke, Renato Ortiz, Marcia Abreu, Mark J. Curran and Joseph Maria Luyten read on the production of knowledge about "documents as a source of History", "History seen from below", "micro History", "Popular culture" and "cordel literature". This survey and research therefore had an interdisciplinary perspective.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in communication, social interaction and its pattern of behavior and interests. Although ASD is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder in its form of presentation, there is a significant proportion of relatives of individuals diagnosed with ASD who present similar characteristics to the affected family members, but with less intensity, these characteristics were called the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). Thus, seeking to validate the existence and losses that are part of the FAA and to better understand the primary characteristics of the ASD, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the research data related to the investigation of the BAP, in parents of individuals diagnosed with ASD, through the assessment of Social Cognition and Executive Functions, which are skills whose deficits are already largely related to the disorder in question. The databases consulted were: MEDLINE, LILACS and IBECS and the research protocol was registered in the Prospero database prior to its execution. Although most studies indicate that the parents of individuals diagnosed with ASD have lower scores, compared to the control group, the methodological plurality makes it difficult to synthesize the results and highlight the need for more studies that can, through a more homogeneous methodological structure, clarify the aspects that are part of the BAP.

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Freedom of expression has expanded, especially because of the increase of social media, which intensify the conflicts motivated by the impact of different ideas. Humor has always been present in human history and now it reaches a new level as a form of expression due to professionalization of comedians and the prompt diffusion of their messages through the media, causing discussions about its limits and the possibility of State restriction of the speech. Therefore, this research intends to connect freedom of expression and humor, outlining its concepts, characteristics and main theories. Understanding the importance of humorous discourse as an instrument of criticism with the potential to influence public opinion due to its capability to break through tenets, the theme can be considered as a relevant object of academic research. Thereby, these contemplations are needed for the analyses about the way humor is inserted in society and how it could be understood by the Judiciary that has the attribution to determine responsibilities and inhibit humorous conduct. Thus, the research questions the jurisdictional action and the censorship, approaching the theory of free market of ideas as a counterpoint to the state control of humorous discourse. This study was based on the dialectical method and developed through bibliographical research and jurisprudential understandings

The Basel II accord allows financial institutions to use internal models for measuring capital requirements. However, the use of internal models requires, among other approvals, a validation by an independent area. Thus, the development of techniques for validating risk models has gained much importance in the academic and in the financial markets. This study aims to evaluate some of the main techniques used for validate probability of default models, through the application of these techniques in PD models developed from simulated portfolios. Were evaluated traditional techniques such as KS, AR and area under ROC curve and newer techniques such as CIER, Information Value and measure M. The advantage of using simulated portfolios is that they allow the study of a large number of different situations, which would be impossible by using real portfolios. This study will provide an understanding of the limitations present in validation methodologies of PD models and an assessment of which techniques are more sensitive for each case analyzed.

This very dissertation seeks to characterize, in the light of the enunciation fundamentals, volume 6 of the didactic collection of the Portuguese language, from Projeto Apoema, by linguistics authorsLúcia Teixeira, Karla Faria, Silvia Maria de Sousa, published by Editora do Brasil in 2013. We have chosen the textbook as an object of our study, as far as we are interested in issues that are related to general language teaching and in particular to the teaching of the Portuguese language. The textbook is undoubtedly an influential tool in this teaching and, often, the main structural element in classes. Therefore, unveiling their "secrets" always helps to give the teacher a more accurate look at his work. Our study will give special attention to two structure levels of the referred book: the form of interaction of the author/authors with the student/students and work with selected texts for each unit of the book. The analysis will have a general goal and six specific objectives. The overall objective is to seek the global enunciative setting of the book. And the specific objectives are: a) identifying the speaker, to verify if he comes in first or third person and,hence,defining the effects of meaning that may result from this choice; b) identifying how the narratee is marked in the texts and verifying the effects of meaning that leads from different markings; c) observing if the texts are enunciative or enuncive, explaining the reasons and the consequences that may lead from one choice to another; d) verifying whether the texts are predominantly figurative or thematic and the reasons for either choice; e) analyzing whether, from the point of view of the expression plan, texts are predominantly verbal, syncretic (verbal/nonverbal) or entirely nonverbal, clarifying the reasonsfor these options in the context of the analyzed units and the work as a whole; f) verifying if the texts are marked by features that are leading to oral effects, defining the relevance of these effects throughout the book. We believe that by achieving these goals we will havethe global enunciative setting of the book, which, according to the authors themselves, aims to "challenge the reader to discover the richness of language and the meaning it gives to the world".

This study aimed to measure the effects of the individual absorptive capacity on the learning domain based on the taxonomy of Bloom in a construction materials network of the west of Paraná. It was decided to investigate the absorptive capacity at the individual level, because as identified in the theoretical bases, most of the approaches focus on the organizational scope. In addition, it has been observed that these studies only involve the cognitive domain of knowledge. Therefore, it is considered that this research may bring new perspectives when including the learning domain with the affective and psychomotor dimensions in studies of the absorptive capacity applied in the area of Administration, at the individual, group and organizational levels. It was found that the absorption capacity with its four dimensions - acquisition, assimilation, transformation and exploitation - positively influences the domains of learning. The methodology is quantitative and the type of research is exploratory-descriptive and for this investigation an adapted version of the questionnaire developed by Wang et al. (2014) and for the learning domains a scale adapted from Bloom et al. (1970), applied to a sample of 128 employees of Panorama Home Center, whose universe reaches 510 employees in 9 branches, located in the municipalities of Foz do Iguaçu, Santa Terezinha de Itaipu and Medianeira. A central hypothesis and three secondary hypotheses were formulated. The central hypothesis was to test whether individual absorptive capacity had a positive influence on the learning domain and the secondary ones analyzed the influence of the absorptive capacity in each domain - cognitive, affective and psychomotor, individually. Through the descriptive analysis, the indicators of each dimension of the individual absorptive capacity and the components of the learning domain were analyzed. In addition, the analysis of the structural model was carried out. The results showed that by considering the three domains together, resulting in the third-order variable called the learning domain, the resulting coefficient between this latent variable and the individual absorptive capacity, it is confirmed that the individual absorptive capacity produces results positive in the learning domain, confirming the statistical hypothesis of this study.

Acesso online: http://bit.ly/documentariogabriel

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This will make it will use the very travesty life experience working Anthropological and Sociological theories to understand various aspects of religiosity, Racial Inequality and Social Conditions of the Negro in Brazil. Within this way you can check this traumatic experience with the social reality experienced that formed as the first institution that we are part of the family, and after suffering from the disintegration of the family environment, now has a living on the streets that enabled acquisition of many teachings by individuals under a look of society that are not well-liked, but a profiteer, we can say, teaching, making use of filtering after some time experiencing and observing the attitudes of meaning evil that were generally those of the same age and those who were older and even knowing where it would take me if I kept going, "the momentum" of other young people, regarding the form of how to survive on the streets without contaminating and so little become an offender. Considering that because of family life have been stopped early and have witnessed several negative factors that help and the formation of a child still does not contain within itself the concepts of character and integrity.

Changes are routine on business and on people’s lives, and they have become an issue for those who go through them or who study them. On this thesis, we assume changing as a continuous and emergent situation that results from human interaction which occurs as long as one deals with everyday events, unexpected situations and contingencies that are typical in business. Due to this context, business managers that understand tendencies act subtly and on time so that they can make the necessary transformations. The prudent person, who is gifted with phronesis, which means practical wisdom, is able to decide by taking ethical actions made on a contingent and undetermined world. Human action does not stand on eternal and definite certainties. On the contrary, human action is based on fair judgement about what is needed and on when it needs to be done. Thus, a prudent manager can promote an emergent and non-traumatic changing environment. This study focused on classrooms as an emergent changing context and it was developed on two higher education institutions located in the state of Goias in order to understand how phronesis was exercised by professors in Business Schools, according to Aristotle’s theory of action. We adopted the narrative as research strategy by using qualitative research oriented by social constructionism, under responsive orientation, as an epistemological perspective. Also, we used episodic interview, non-participant observation and documents gathered from the researched institutions. The results were obtained by analyzing the participants theme stories which showed classrooms can be considered as a non-repetitive and unplanned context where emergent change takes place. Thus, classrooms constitute a dynamic, flexible environment of continuous change. The phronesis exercise was understood by analyzing the action processes between teachers and managers when they had to deal with unforeseen situations that derive from interactions within classrooms. This exercise results from experience that comes from constantly reviewing teaching practice.

The traditional pilgrimage Pirapora do Bom Jesus, that has its origins in 1942, is one of the most important popular manifestations of Franco da Rocha city, in São Paulo. Having it as an empirical cut, this dissertation has the objective of understanding two aspects of popular faith: the first one consists in checking its importance to the process of political and social formation of Franco da Rocha, going against the idea that a pilgrimage is an obsolete religious tradition in front of this modernization process. The second objective about interpreting the pilgrimage as a peregrination ritual by which the pilgrims share a pack of traditional values, establishing a mutual identity, known as festeiros . The hypothesis that this pilgrimage has as social part condensing bonds of solidarity between the pilgrims, being interpreted here as depositary of cultural values , re-updated by the pilgrims for celebration occasions or peregrination rites. Having the objective of interpreting such elements, this dissertation privileges an interdisciplinary dialogue between Social Sciences and Religious Sciences, so that it s possible to make a lecture of the experience. Besides, it reaches to substantiate this discussion with historical datas.

This research seeks to identify the potentialities and challenges of Maker Education in the teaching and learning processes, experienced by a class of sixteen students of grade four of the elementary school as a methodology applied to the context of Project Based Learning (PBL). To this end, through a qualitative approach, this study analyzes all stages of the creation of a project in PBL, in partnership with three educators - one reference educator, an assistant educator and an expert educator - and the researcher, who also participates in the proposed activities. The experience is detailed and simultaneously analyzed and interpreted in the light of the literature review presented in the initial chapters, in order to build relationships between the methodologies in question and to point out contributions according to the results obtained. Having concluded the analysis, it is evident that Maker's Education, as a methodology combined with other active methodologies - specifically Project-based Learning - contributes as a potential factor, mainly, in the exercise of the skills and competences considered today as essential for life in the 21st century, such as critical thinking, flexibility, cooperation, empathy, communication, planning and self-management, proving to be efficient also in promoting the protagonism of students in their learning experiences, always guided by constant reflection.

This research investigated the influence of family and founder on the debt of Brazilian listed companies. Despite the vast national and international literature on capital structure, there are still some doubts about the importance of family in business management. In Brazil, due to the large number of family businesses and concentrated control, is even more evident the need to investigate the issue. Many other studies have treated the family business, others control the concentration and others, the company's founder. The contribution of this work was to separate the companies that have concentrated control in the hands of one family, who have only the family influence, family control, those whose management is familiar and the other whose management is only the founder and also the founder of management company family.Furthermore, it was the separation of concentrated control, significant influence, management controlling, managing shareholder influence. In total 10 different separations were made and tested along the work. The study population consisted of companies listed on Bovespa in 2009, and the final sample consisted of 365 companies. As the main contribution of this work was used as a classification different from the other by separating control and influence,combining the family and the founder and principal actors. To this end, we observed six years (2004-2009), a total of 2190 observations. These data constitute an unbalanced panel that was treated by linear regression using ordinary least squares, then by random effects and finally by fixed effects. These techniques were applied to any distortions that diminish in relation to the control variables that were used and these panels might catch the best way to control and influence of the founder family and management in enterprises. The results show that companies with family control and the ones that have some influence of the founder is present in the sample studied, presented less debt than other companies, going according to national and international studies that claim that family businesses tend to be more conservative in their investments, looking to use more equity than others. However, companies that have concentrated control in the hands of one owner or company presented more debt than the others, confirming the studies that indicate the concentration of capital in Brazil and its consequent tendency to the expropriation of wealth by the majority shareholders .

In this dissertation the transmission properties of photonic crystal fibers are assessed under the influence of pressure and temperature for sensing applications. A review is given of the light propagation in conventional optical fibers and the effects of pressure and temperature on the refractive index of silica are studied. Photonic crystals in 1 and 2 dimensions are also studied. Then, microstructured fibers and photonic crystal fibers are addressed and their guidance properties and general applications are shown. A review is made of temperature and pressure sensors based on conventional fibers, Bragg gratings and microstructured and photonic crystal fibers described in the literature. Finally, results are shown and discussed of the experiments with the application of pressure on a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, for which high-order bandgaps, in the visible spectral region, were identified and characterized for the first time. These bandgaps are shown to be pressure sensitive. Applying external hydrostatic pressure over the fiber, optical transmission variations of a few dB were observed for pressures of hundreds of kgf/cm², while when the fiber holes were internally pressurized a similar variation was achieved for units of kgf/cm². The response of light polarization, and hence of the fiber birefringence, to internal pressure was also analyzed.. In the other part of the experimental work, the temperature-induced bandgap spectral shift of photonic bandgap fibers was characterized. The response of a hollow-core fiber, a hybrid fiber and an all-solid fiber was characterized with bandgap shifts of up to 36 pm/°C in straight fibers. For the all-solid fiber the influence of bending over the bandgaps was characterized, as well as temperature-induced bandgaps shifts under these conditions. For a straight fiber, a simple model for the bandgap shift calculation is presented and showed good agreement with the experimental results. Closing the work, the conclusions are presented.

Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie

Ganhadora do prêmio TCC - 1º Semestre de 2016