RCAAP Repository

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The loosening of the res judicata with the current tendencies of flexibilization creates problems whose approach reaches not only the procedural area, but also the philosophy of law, the sociology of law, the constitutional law and, therefore, the exercise of citizenship, in what concerns the constitutional guarantees of juridical security. The question involves delicate aspects, mainly under the argument of the justice of the decisions, because the mistakes that may come to be committed by the Judiciary and covered under the mantle of the res judicata have no possibility of correction. However, the question of flexibilization of the res judicata can not be seen only through the philosophical shock of justice versus juridical security. It is necessary to analyze the res judicata through the sociological eye and the way in which its mitigation affects the formal guarantees of citizenship and politicizes the Judiciary in a harmful manner.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil

The research in question intends to analyze works of architecture and urbanism by the Brasil Arquitetura [Brazil Architecture] office focusing on the projects, methodology and principles of the partners — the architects Marcelo Ferraz and Francisco Fanucci. It will be done by means of studies focused on aspects of architecture and museology developed by them at the time of design, in which the Bread Museum, Palace of Arts Rodin Bahia and the Cais do Sertão Museum will be highlighted. To this end, a greater understanding of the constructive and creative processes used, as well as of the design procedures, parties, foundations and references in the design of such projects will be necessary, being the understanding of the social and cultural context of the training of these architects as well as of the places in which the objects of study are inserted.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The bicycle market has been growing in Brazil due to different factors, among which public policies, bicycle sharing, the appeal to a healthier lifestyle and sustainable alternatives for locomotion in large centers stand out. This scenario creates opportunities for companies operating in this segment, as well as challenges in how to meet the expectations of customers who have started to incorporate the use of technologies and social media in their purchasing journeys, requiring companies in the sector to evolve beyond the conventional format of sales in physical stores, here called offline channels, to also operate in online channels. In this context, the Omnichannel concept emerges as a strategy in the Brazilian bicycle market so that companies can take advantage of opportunities not only to increase sales, but mainly to offer the best experience to customers through the complete integration of all sales channels, and thus be present where and how the customer wants to interact or buy the company's products and services. The application of the Omnichannel strategy in the Brazilian bicycle market is an innovation in a market that has hardly evolved. These innovations range from the use of technologies to integrate online and offline sales channels, actions that result in greater impact and visibility in social media and redesign of offline channels, however the most significant innovation is placing the customer in the center of attention and decisions of company. This study aimed to describe the process of implementing the Omnichannel strategy in the Brazilian subsidiary of the American multinational Specialized Bycicle and Components. For this, the problem solving and / or taking advantage of opportunities method proposed by Marcondes et al. (2017) which involves the stages of understanding a problem and / or opportunity, the diagnosis, proposed solution, action plan, intervention, and evaluation. Supported by content analysis techniques, risk analysis and descriptive statistics to assess the data obtained in the online survey of 755 cyclists across Brazil. Due to Omnichannel being a global strategy of the company, the subsidiary in Brazil had the task of making this strategy viable in the Brazilian market and the most complex part of the process was to convince resellers to work in an integrated way to systematize the online and offline. Among the main results of the Omnichannel strategy in the company Specialized do Brasil, in the period between January 2020 to December 2020, we highlight the 25% growth in access to the brand's social media pages, 20% growth in access to the website from the company. Sales through Click & Collect now represent 15% of sales on the online channel. To support the implementation and maintenance of the Omnichannel strategy, the company increased its staff and contractors by 5%. Approximately 30% of the brand's resellers, which represent 50% of the offline channel's revenue, started to work systematically integrated with Specialized Brasil, which gives the brand a true 360 degree view of offline sales, which currently represents 90% of the Specialized's revenue in Brazil.

Steel production is estimated to be over of 1,500 million tons per year. Among them, stainless steels stand out, having as one of their main characteristics the corrosion resistance, especially in aggressive environments. As with most steel alloys, stainless steels are classified according to their chemical composition, with austenitic stainless steels accounting for the largest manufacturing share among the category. Its choice is given due to the excellent properties, highlighting its corrosion resistance, toughness, weldability, etc. As one of the most employed, stainless steels are processed in different ways into the industry, with welding being one of the main ones. Different processes as well as different alloying elements provide to each type of steel a different property, since it has direct influence with its microstructure. It is known that austenitic stainless steels have a predominantly austenitic microstructure, but during solidification due to microsegregation of elements it can be altered. One of the main phases formed during solidification in austenitic stainless steels is known as delta ferrite, derived from the segregation of ferrite stabilizing elements. This phase tends to minimize the susceptibility of hot cracks during the solidification, as well as to increase the mechanical resistance, but to the detriment of the ductility, being one of the main mechanisms for the precipitation of intermetallic phases, like sigma phase, that has its precipitation accelerated by the presence of delta ferrite formations and is considered a deleterious phase, as it decreases the resistance and ductility parameters of the materials. This work analyzed the behavior of two distinct stainless steels, AISI 316L and 317L, in order to know the effects of these phases, as well as their nucleation mechanisms. May be concluded that the presence of stabilizing elements of ferrite, chromium and molybdenum, tend to accelerate the precipitation of the sigma phase at 850°C, as well as to delay the dissolution of the delta ferrite in the solution annealing condition, 1080°C. It is also observed that in the presence of these phases the material has its tensile strength increased, but with ductility reduction.

The book of Revelation ascribed to the Apostle John, is the last book of the Biblical Canon, and one of the most read and researched throughout History, from both popular and academic perspectives. Its symbolisms and catastrophic descriptions greatly influenced the western world, gave name to a specific genre of ancient literature (apocalyptic literature), and were object of studies, illustrations and romance themes for almost two thousand years. In spite of the book s popularity it wasn t much examined for its literary qualities and the art of its narrative, except by some critics who were more interested in fragmenting it in disconnected sources rather than understanding the richness of its literary production. Even among the scholars who detected the complex recapitulation theory of the book, the literary analyses didn t get far, and was more focused on providing subsidies for theological systems or answers for the distresses of its interpreter s times. A thorough analysis of its literary resources, however, reveals the greatness of its style, the sense of its purposes and the unity of the book. There are rich intertextual relations with the Old Testament, especially with Genesis and Daniel, as there are common features such as repetition, numerology, and cross-references. The book of Revelation also develops a cyclic plot in which the idea of God as a cosmic sovereign who guides the world to the fulfillment of his purposes excels; as well as interpretations for the enemy, the Dragon that opposes to him, thus explaining the paradoxical reality of first century Christianity which was under persecution by the Roman Empire. By considering the art in the narrative text of Revelation not only does the book get much more extraordinary for the reader, but its theological and moral meanings become more accessible.

Education is a social and political practice characterized by the need of asking questions concerning learning processes and training of individuals in search of theoretical and practical improvement. Education is not a given truth, but a field in process, a field to be, that will always imply its self-questioning. Therefore, the self-understanding of education in a process of necessary self-referentiality is at stake. The context in which this dissertation arises is marked by the tension between a point of view that regards education as "emancipation" and, on the other hand, society, which does not foster the accomplishment of the project. In this sense, the concept of "Aesthetic Dictatorship" emerges as the expression able to offer a reading of the oppressive state of society, while the theme of education as emancipation arises as a proposal for a process to oppose to the general state of things. The theme of the death of subjectivity, of the mechanisms of annihilation of the subject of education, be it a teacher or student, is considered from the point of view of understanding a context which is aesthetically "totalitarian", by avoiding the individual to have the thought experiment ¬ that even being tragic, may be able to promote an exit from oppression. The concept of Aesthetic Dictatorship results mainly from an analysis of the text about the Cultural Industry, by Adorno and Horkheimer, published in the 1940’s. The reading of the text shows that the condition of the experience in general in society, is dominated by technology and by capital. Such condition, called by the authors as the Cultural Industry, takes place in our days as a silent and, at the same time, Aesthetic Dictatorship imperative. The text presented in this research seeks to unveil the characteristics of the totalitarian state of an aesthetic scheme – which is also ethical and political. Such unveiling obliges us to disclose a reflection about the meaning of the formation of the subject of education, be it the teacher, the student, or the individual who is living the social experience. In conclusion, what is proposed here is the reflection on what education can be, as well as its limits and potentials, in the era of the Aesthetic Dictatorship of the mass media.

Ao pensar em “ausência” instantaneamente damos um valor subtrativo à palavra relacionando-a exclusivamente à falta e nos distanciando de outras possibilidades de interpretação. Carlos Drummond de Andrade, por outro lado, a caracteriza aqui como um vazio difícil de ser compreendido inicialmente, mas que, ao ser compreendido, descobre-se preenchido por significados e sentimentos. Ou seja, existe presença na ausência. Ainda que com a diferença cronológica, esta interpretação modernista da ausência não se distancia em significado do discurso contemporâneo conduzido pelo arquiteto italiano Francesco Careri. No contexto urbano, a dificuldade de compreensão do vazio se mantém, uma vez que eles se encontram alheios à realidade atual, principalmente por não exercerem grande papel social. Por isso é fundamental esta cautelosa reflexão e análise da ausência; seu significado deve ir além da falta, do vão: é preciso encarnar o otimista e identificar os cheios nos vazios.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo abordar os limites de aplicabilidade prática do princípio da autonomia da vontade (pacta sunt servanda) em face do princípio da função social do contrato como delimitado pelo art. 421 do Código Civil tendo em vista tratar-se de uma cláusula aberta no qual um princípio pode se sobrepor a outro e sua aplicabilidade dependerá exclusivamente de uma análise específica e esmiuçada pelo magistrado na análise do caso concreto visto que não consta em nossa legislação nenhum regulamento taxativo de quais são esses limites, o que torna a tarefa de elaborar um contrato um tanto quanto complexa por conta do risco de má interpretação dessa liberdade em contratar pelas partes.

As medidas de austeridade, que significam um rigor no controle de gastos, passou a ser aderida por Estados como um meio de superação da crise, que gerou um grande déficit público. Inúmeros Estados aderiram esse pacote de constrição, inclusive o Brasil, sendo a mais conhecida, a Emenda Constitucional n 95, titulada como “teto de gastos”, pois restringiu os gastos públicos durante 20 anos. Diante dessa mudança nos orçamentos públicos, traz uma análise da medida de austeridade implantada e seu impacto nos direitos humanos, com um foco específico nas políticas públicas de enfrentamento da violência contra mulher, conforme uma abordagem quantitativa. Dito isso, a pesquisa terá o enfoque de averiguar documentos, tendo como referencial os relatórios elaborados pela Organização das Nações Unidas, índices e dados periódicos de cortes de gastos, realizados pelo portal de transparência e as pesquisas realizadas por órgãos não governamentais. Havendo um estudo a partir da Constituição, das leis e dos tratados vigentes.

O presente trabalho busca analisar as relações entre os espaços públicos e seus usuários, assim como também analisar o papel da arquitetura na construção de dinâmicas urbanas que potencializem um espaço público, considerando as condicionantes que viabilizam a ativação de um espaço público frente a condição geral da cidade. Primeiramente apresenta-se um breve panorama histórico e caracterização da área de intervenção projetual, e posteriormente discussões acerca dos temas: cultura, os conceitos de público e privado, a construção da urbanidade no espaço público e também análise de estudos de caso, sendo estas discussões importantes para a concepção e desenvolvimento do exercício prático de projeto. Por fim, apresenta-se uma proposta projetual de um centro cultural, com base nas teorias abordadas referentes a concepção e estruturação dos espaços públicos.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

The relationship between Cultural Values and Organizational Values has not desserved enough attention from scholars. Hofstede (1985), proposed a relationship between two cultural dimensions of Power Distance and Uncertainty Avoidance, and organizational models (Pyramid of people, Well-oiled machine; Family and Village Market), a proposition that has not yet been empirically tested. The models of organizations maintain and apparent relationship with competiong organizational values and, consequently with types of organizational culture. People who outline the organizations carry with them the cultural values shped from childhood. This study aimed to analyze the impact of cultural values at the individual level on competing organizational values. The research was described as explanatory. Data was collected through an eletronic questionnaire to a sample of Brazilian workers, resulting in 203 respondents, whose answers were considered valid. The research instrument consisted of three blocks: a) CVScale (Cultural Values Scale), a scale built for measruing, at individual level, of cultural dimensions; b) the OCAI (Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument) scale, for the measurement of competing organizational values; c) demographic variables (age and gender) and funcional variables (company time and region in which it operates). The data was treated with descriptive and inferential statistic. The results showed that the cultural dimension Colletivism negatively impacts the Village Market culture type, and positively the Clan culture, and this, in turn, is also positively impacted by the cultural dimension of Uncertainty Avoidance.

The food distribution chain is an important economic sector of Brazil´s economy. It represents around 5.6% of GDP, and employs one million people, and every day, around 25 million Brazilians go to one of these shops to satisfy their consumption needs. This study aims to identify what are the determinants that underlie the preference of low-income consumers in the outskirts of São Paulo (Itaquera, Sapopemba and San Miguel) and Sao Jose dos Campos (the German Campos, Morumbi and Paranangaba), considering the neighborhood market models (Dia% chain) and atacarejo (main competitor) to guide the investment decisions and expansion of the Dia% chain. The applied methodology consists of an exploratory research using a survey among the attendees of different model stores in those cities. For data collection was used a questionnaire with closed questions, with nominal or ordinal scales. Basic descriptive and multivariate statistics techniques were used to analyze the data. The food retail sector has a competitive environment in which each company tries to gain position and market share. Nowadays, information technologies (IT), allow the analysis of consumer habits in a quantitative manner, allowing the fast identification of consumer´s pattern behaviors and changes. The competitive advantage of a company is the correct interpretation and implementation processes, enabling a timely offer of the consumer´s needs. A consistent behavior pattern is that consumers do everything to keep their consuming status quo, even in unfavorable economic contexts. This change was identified through a client´s transfer from the upmarket level to the discount level, designated as “atacarejo” in Brazil. The problem question to be answered is: Regarding the monthly grocery shopping, which determinants are important for the low-income consumers, in the outskirts of São Paulo (Itaquera, São Miguel and Sapopemba) and São José dos Campos (Campos dos alemães, Morumbi and Paranangaba), that should be taking into account while defining the expansion strategic planning and investment decisions of the neighborhood market (Dia% chain) against its main competitor – atacarejo. It is concluded that the sector opts for a feedback model, that is, acting based on consumer´s data patterns and not anticipating a trend. The survey indicate that the determinants for selecting the store model are: the price and speed of service, followed by the variety and quality of the product and the store environment. The satisfaction of these factors wins consumer´s loyalty. Most consumers do not restrict their purchases to just one of the models. The choice is made by the type of their current needs. The neighborhood market Dia% and the atacarejo Atacadão stood out in the preferences of consumers who answered the questionnaire.

Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo