RCAAP Repository

ABSTRACT: Trade relations between Brazil and the United States are old and date back to Brazil's independence. The United States has always been an important trade partner, however, its weight in the Brazilian trade basket has been reduced in parallel with the intensification of international fragmentation of production and the growing emphasis of Brazil's partnership with China. The aim of the article is to present a comparative analysis of the insertion of Brazil and the United States in international trade and the trade relationship between them in the recent period (2005-2016). Statistical analysis using COMTRADE data provides that the main Brazilian export products to the United States have a higher degree of technological sophistication than the standard for the world. The results also point to a greater concentration on exports than on imports from Brazil and a trend towards growth in the degree of their concentration. Brazil has a much greater specialization in products with low technological intensity, but a greater presence of products with more technological intensity in exports to the United States, which reveals the importance of their relationship in the recent period. KEYWORDS: trade specialization pattern, bilateral relations, export basket.

ABSTRACT: The State of Alagoas, with population of 3.1 million inhabitants spread over 27,800 km2, presents different socioeconomic and environmental inequalities, mainly in rural areas. In order to describe the characteristics of agricultural establishments, statistical information related to the 2017 agricultural census (agricultural structure of the property, legal status of the producer, age group, education, gender, management practices and rural credit), Incra (settlements), Alagoas Health Department (pesticide poisoning) and Emater (Dom Helder Câmara project). 98.5 agricultural establishments were identified, occupying 1.6 million hectares, of which 61.8% belong to 4.2% of producers, indicating land accumulation, confirmed by the Gini index (0.861). There are 164 settlements that benefit 12,500 families. The population is between 25 and 55 years old (55.3%), of which 46.2% do not know how to read and write, with a predominance of male labor (76.7%). The lack of technical assistance (93.8%) reflects unsustainable management practices, such as the use of pesticides, with 1,110 intoxications. It was observed that 87.9% of the producers did not have access to credit. The Dom Helder Câmara project, with financial assistance and technical assistance, improved the quality of life of 1,974 families in 21 municipalities in the high and medium Sertão. This information indicates that a large part of the establishments perform activities related to family farming and that technical assistance actions can minimize the socioeconomic and environmental problems faced by the agricultural population of Alagoas. KEYWORDS: Familiar agriculture, Local productive arrangements, Technical assistance.

ABSTRACT: The inclusion of visually impaired children in Basic Education has undergone important advances, from the right to their inclusion in school, to the use of methods and strategies that provide quality in teaching and learning. The purpose of this article is to describe the process of inclusion of children with visual impairment in education and its challenges. This is a literature review, carried out through articles, theses, dissertations, among other publications. Articles, theses and scientific publications available electronically in their entirety were included in this review. Furthermore, data from international and governmental bodies, in Portuguese, were also used. In view of this study, it is clear that children's visual impairment significantly impacts their daily lives, requiring the creation of strategies that address all areas of their lives, such as in the health, social and educational spheres. Strategies to be implemented in the school curriculum and pedagogical proposals, trained teachers, specialized educational services, adaptations of materials and teaching tools such as the Braille System, thus ensuring better learning conditions and the development of skills for effective literacy. Therefore, it is concluded that it is the right of every visually impaired child to have educational inclusion from the beginning of their academic life, in which the school and education professionals adapt to receive it, respecting their needs and limitations, ensuring in this way, a more accessible and equitable education. KEYWORDS: Educational Activities, Education for the Blind, School Inclusion.

ABSTRACT: The reflections presented here have as object of analysis the Institutional Program of Initiation to Teaching  (PIBID), of Tocantins Federal University (UFT). In a more restricted dimension, it focuses attention on the experience of the Pedagogy Subproject of the Campus of Tocantinópolis, from August 2018 to January 2020. The considerations presented here come from our experience ahead of the coordination of the programand it starts from the comprehension of the university as na institution that promotes knowledge and has a fundamental role in the human and political developing of the subjects. KEYWORDS: Experience, Teacher’swork, PIBID.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this article is to identify how the teaching of competences should be guided by the National Common Curricular Base, since it defines competencies, skills and learning and development objectives that explain the essential learning that all students must develop during basic education. The methodological path was the training of scholarship scholars and the development of interdisciplinary projects guided by the ten general competencies of BNCC with the use of active methodology for problematization adapted from the Arco de Maguerez. In this adaptation, the method has three stages: reality situations, theorization and application to reality. Methodological alternatives are exemplified with their essential characteristics for the teaching plan and the elaboration of interdisciplinary projects. The competence teaching and learning plan must contemplate the relationship between the components: competences, skills, content, pedagogical strategies and assessment. With this investigation, knowledge and methods supported in practice are also shared, with a view to configuring professional development that stimulates and encourages quality teaching work. KEYWORDS: Curriculum, active methodology, Problem-Based learning.

ABSTRACT: In a culture that privileges the cisgender and heterosexual person, especially men, individuals who do not fit the sexual and gender pattern are treated as inferior. The general objective of the article is to contribute to the reflection about how teachers, specifically Geography, can collaborate for the transformation of the school space, which must belong to all, everyone and everyone, regardless of gender and sexual orientation. To fulfill this objective, the specific objectives are: to associate the teaching of Geography to the theme, to discuss about the social function of the school and to present possibilities of cartographic approach to issues of gender bias and LGBTphobia from school. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, a bibliographic survey was previously carried out on the theme of gender and sexuality and on citizenship and diversity at school, by authors and authors from geography and also from other areas of knowledge. The fieldwork was carried out at the Padre José Theisen Municipal School, located in the municipality of Craíbas, state of Alagoas. At school, the 9 ° Unique class was selected to carry out a cartographic activity, using pre-selected emojis that indicated the student's interpretation of the feeling that the offended groups may have when they are in the places inside the school . The methodology used to analyze the responses found in this activity was quantitative. The most used emojis were anger and fear. Through cartographic activity, it was possible to work prejudice spatially within the school, in addition to reflecting on the concept of place, which is so important in the individual's life. KEYWORDS: School space, National Curriculum Parameters, LGBTphobia.

ABSTRACT: The neonatal period is marked by the need for adequate care in view of the organic vulnerabilities of the newborn. Thus, infections are a public health issue identified as the main cause of death in the neonatal period, with emphasis on those of bacterial origin. Thus, the objective of this study was to gather evidence on aspects of the colonization and infection process in the neonatal period. This is a critical review of the literature carried out in databases indexed in open-access virtual libraries and in the gray literature (2009-2019). Searches took place in the databases indexed in the SciELO electronic library, Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Google Scholar electronic search engine through the descriptors: “premature newborn”, “neonate”, “colonization”, “infection” and “Neonatal Intensive Care Unit”. The evidence recovered was grouped into 4 categories, entitled as: a) the neonatal period as a risk factor; b) colonization of the newborn; c) infection in the newborn; and d) Staphylococcus aureus species. These categories summarize the evidence produced on the subject in recent years. Thus, the knowledge generated in this study brings together a synthesis about aspects of the colonization and infection process in the neonatal period, emphasizing the importance of new research. KEYWORDS: Premature newborn; Infection; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

ABSTRACT: The study purpose to analyze the relations between girls and boys in relation to educational practices in school environments, aiming to understand whether this institution favors the unequal production of gender and sexuality relations and the strengthening of a patriarchal culture. The theoretical contribution is based on feminist studies and a post - structuralist perspective and the methodological approach has an epistemological focus on the descriptive research of empirical data and qualitative basis. For data collection, participant observation, field record and bibliographic analysis were chosen. The field research was execute in a school in the early years of elementary education in the municipal public school in Maceió - AL, Brazil. The subjects involved were 56 children of both sexes and aged 6 to 11 years, attending the 1st to the 5th year. The results indicate that the school operates, framing these children in the patriarchal model of reference of modern western society, assigning different chores and games for girls and boys. In this orientation, girls are intuitive, higher performance in the humanities and skills to play doll and house and boys are analytical, higher performance in exact sciences and skills to play ball and play fights. KEYWORDS: Gender, Sexuality, Patriarchal culture.

ABSTRACT: American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is an infectious and non-contagious disease that affects both man and several species of wild and domestic animals, presenting the clinical cutaneous, mucocutaneous and diffuse cutaneous forms. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in Alagoas, from 2010 to 2018. To this end, a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study was carried out on the epidemiological profile of the disease, using the National System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) and scientific articles on the topic as the source of the data. The variables verified were: mesoregion, year of diagnosis, clinical form, gender, race/color, age group, area of residence and evolution of cases. During the analyzed period, 498 notifications occurred, 83.13% of which came from eastern Alagoas. The cutaneous clinical form was the one with the highest prevalence (93.1%), and the male gender and brown race/color, presented 66% and 63.6%, respectively. The 20-39 age group was the most affected (27.1%). The disease continues to show an important distribution in the rural area, with 80.3% of cases. Lethality remains low, with 78.5% of patients progressing to the cure. From the data found, it was verified that the epidemiological profile of ATL in Alagoas remains very similar to most studies on the topic. In the last years, despite successive reductions in the number of reported cases, the disease remains endemic in the state, mainly due to risk factors, such as socioeconomic fragility and vulnerable people living in rural areas with inadequate housing. Thus, it is necessary to reinforce the control and preventive measures to avoid an increase of cases in the region. KEYWORDS: Epidemiology, Leishmania ssp., Cutaneous leishmaniasis.

ABSTRACT: Annonaceae presents great prominence in the world, with high potential in the production of fruit for commercial purposes. Pollination is an extremely important environmental service, both for ecosystems and for agriculture, which is essential for the increase in fruit footprint. The present study aimed to evaluate the richness, behavior and efficiency of the pollinators of the sugar-apple, in the municipality of Belém-Alagoas. 11 visits were carried out in the study area, totaling 40h of sample effort, for the observation of floral visitors in the morning and night periods. To evaluate fruit formation, pollinator efficiency treatments, manual self-pollination (geitonogamia), cross-pollination (manual), and natural pollination (control) were performed. Three species of Coleoptera were observed visiting the flowers of Annona squamosa L. Only 0.5% of the flowers of natural pollination (control) formed fruit, already in the evaluation of the efficiency of pollinators, the conversion occurred of 45% of the flowers in fruits. In Geitonogamia and cross-pollination formed 76% and 96% of the fruits, respectively. Of the animals that were observed interacting with the flowers of Annona squamosa in the municipality, only the beetles behaved as pollinators, because they contacted the reproductive structures of the flowers. The disappearance of pollinators from the cultivation of Annona squamosa, directly affects the formation of the fruits, the culture being dependent on this service. The use of agrochemicals and the absence of native vegetation are the cause in the absence of the pollinators of Annona squamosa. KEYWORDS: Sugar-apple, pollination, family agriculture.

ABSTRACT: The history of Brazilian education shows that education projects designed for the countryside do not consider social capital and the particularities of rural territories. Thus emphasizing the arenas of power between the ruling class and the working class. In the field of educational public policies, tensions are concentrated in the discontinuities of government actions aimed at improving rural education. Brazil adopts educational plans that do not match the reality of the people of the countryside, however the public policies conquered in the last decades were an important step in the struggle for the security of working class rights.Given the above, the present research project aims to: analyze the implementation of public policies on Rural Education in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, in order to promote the development of peasant territories. For that, qualitative research was chosen as a methodological approach. Among the technical procedures adopted, bibliographic and documentary research, interviews with subjects related to Rural Education in the municipality and Caderneta de Campo, as an auxiliary tool for the systematization of data, stand out. The survey results showed that the Municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes accesses resources for the implementation of programs aimed at Rural Education, but due to the lack of “political will”, the subjects of the countryside continue to be invisible. In order to mitigate the harmful effects of the educational paradigm, it is suggested, for example, the effective implementation of the Rural Education matrix, approved in 2016, by the municipality. The adoption of the matrix in question will contribute to the promotion of a more significant teaching-learning process for students in the field, since it places them as protagonists of the training process. KEYWORD: Peasantry, public policies, territory.

ABSTRACT: This summary deals with the invisibility of psychological violence against women in the field of gender violence and consequent silencing. Attempting for the forms of abuse of patriarchal power, as well as for the machismo that permeates society, not only masculine but also not imaginary of feminine collective life. From a quali-quanti nature, we will start from a bibliographic study, a documentary and content analysis, as well as methodological approaches and other techniques for data collection. Many studies with countless faces of the defense of violence against Mulher FERNANDES (2012); SILVA (2009); ZIZEK (2008). In this sense, it is worth mentioning that this work raised important questions. Taking into account, mainly, or fate of these (psychological) violences will occur in a sad way, so that many women are not perceived as inserted in a context of violence. Concerning the techniques and instruments of data collection, we even verified that the investigation contributed to the analysis and understanding of the interfaces of violence against a woman in the municipality of Maceió-AL, once the reports of the Secretary of State for Public Security ( SSP-AL) will show every 141 (cento e quarenta e um) cases of violence against women in the 2020 carnival period, in Alagoas. KEYWORDS: Maria da Penha Law, Feminine Silencing, Micromachism, Psychological Violence.

ABSTRACT: This article exposes domestic violence against women in times of Pandemic COVID-19 to carry out the analysis of the conjunctural interfaces of gender today, seeking to identify what are the implications in taking the option for Law 11.340 / 06 (Law Maria da Penha ), when used in the criminal justice system as a trigger in the correction of violent conflicts against women. Of a quali-quanti nature, we will start from the bibliographic study, from the documentary and content analysis as methodological approaches and other techniques for data collection. Many studies contain the many faces of the defense of violence against women FERNANDES (2012); SILVA (2009); ZIZEK (2008) in the domestic reality, stating that the constitutional norms must be structured and ordered in such a way as to enable the prompt identification of the legal position in which the jurisdicted BARROSO (2009) invest; PORTO (2008); SILVA (2009), among others, and such positions must be safeguarded by appropriate tutelage instruments, suitable for their practical realization. Concerning the techniques and instruments of data collection, we also verified that the research contributed to the analysis and understanding of the interfaces of violence against women in the city of Maceió-AL, since the data from the report of the State Secretariat of Public Security ( SSP-AL) showed 141 (one hundred and forty-one) cases of violence against women during Carnival 2020, in Alagoas. In Maceió, however, without further reflection on the reasons for the high rates of domestic violence against women in times of COVID-19, due to the continuous research process, data from Patrulha Maria da Penha (2020) reveal that in the city the increase was from 146% (one hundred and forty-six percent) from January to May 26, 2020. Therefore, highlighting the data in comparison with the same period of the previous year. KEYWORDS: Coronavirus pandemic, Domestic Violence. Violence against Women.

Introduction: PET-Saúde promotes professional training focused on interprofessionality and comprehensive care, characterized as an instrument for qualification in service. Objective: To describe the experience of academics facing the shared learning experienced through the education program through work for health. Methods: This is a descriptive study of the experience report type that aims to describe the experiences of academics/monitors of the Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho - PET Saúde Interprofissionalidade. The experience took place from may to november  2019 in a basic health unit, located in the second health district of Maceió. Results and discussion: The analysis of the results shows that knowing the health unit, its weaknesses, challenges and actions is crucial for professional  training, requiring everyone to be aware of the process that goes from management to assistance to the user. The successful experiences carried out in the field were disseminated at scientific events, enabling reflection on practices in services and effective interventions adopted in the contexts of SUS. Final considerations: The insertion of students in the professional reality provides gains for academics, for health services and with contributions to the scientific community.

ABSTRACT: Comprehending the role that school education plays in contemporary society, from its practices and pedagogical actions, is extremely important. The projects and educational activities developed inside the school environment, help in the formation of citizens with critical awareness. In this regard, this paper aims to comprehend the value of the environmental education interdisciplinary projects developed by a rural elementary school - Dom Érico Ferrari Elementary State School, located in the town of Nova Palma/RS, covering the “garden at school” and “honey and its uses” projects, elaborated, respectively, with students from the 9th grade and 1st to the 4th grade. The methodology is based on a qualitative approach, held bibliographic, documentary and field research, besides the application of interviews to the people involved in the projects. As a result, the presented projects were effective, contemplating the environment education in its practices in different contexts and spaces, including the school and its community. The projects are important because of the socio-environmental debates and the critical ideas implemented in a variety of subjects of the academic curriculum, motivating the knowledge exchange, since it works with questions related to the reality of the students. KEYWORDS: School community, interdisciplinary projects, workshops.

Tetranychus bastosi Tuttle, Baker & Sales (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a species with restricted occurrence in Brazil and has already been reported infesting 36 species of plants, including ornamental, fruits, leguminous and spontaneous plants. In Alagoas state, its presence was found on Turnera subulata L. and Ipomoea batatas L. To analyse the population growth of T. bastosi on the hosts, bioassays were carried out evaluating the instantaneous rate of increase (ri). For both hosts, the population growth of T. bastosi showed positive values of 0.3509 ± 0.0239 and 0.2179 ± 0.0934 for I. batatas and for T. subulata, respectively, with significant differences between them. In addition, significant differences were observed for the mean number of eggs, nymphs, and the final population after 10 days of evaluation. Thus, it is registered the presence o T. bastosi in the state of Alagoas with high potential of development on I. batatas and T. subulata.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of dentistry undergraduates regarding the materials used in class II restorations in deciduous teeth, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The research was carried out during 7 months with students from the last year of graduation (5th grade). An initial visit was made at the dental schools of a municipality in Northeastern Brazil and the students answered a questionnaire containing questions related to the choice of restorative materials, their properties and utilities. The inclusion criteria were undergraduates in Dentistry, attending the last year of the said graduation. Students who had perhaps lost some discipline or locked the course were excluded from this study. The collected data were stored in the Microsoft Office Excel 2016 program, being analyzed with the help of the chi-square test. Composite resin (CR) was the material of choice in patients with low risk and low caries activity with the presence of the marginal crest (82.6%) and absence of marginal crest (67.4%). In patients with high laughter and high activity, conventional glass ionomer cement (IVC) was indicated in both situations 65.2% and 84.8% respectively. Regarding the advantages of the most reported materials by the participants in relation to the IVC was fluoride release (100%) whereas for CR was aesthetics (84.1%). On the other hand, the greatest disadvantage of IVC was related to syneresis and imbibition (75%) and CR was the contraction of polymerization (83.7%). It can be concluded that students have knowledge regarding the materials used in class II restorations in deciduous teeth, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. KEYWORDS: Composite resin; Glass Ionomer; Dental materials; Pediatric Dentistry.

ABSTRACT: The whey from cheese production is an important source of protein to be reused by industries. The objective of this work was to develop a cappuccino flavored milk drink. The drinks were made with two concentrations of goat cheese whey (20% and 35%). The formulations were subjected to microbiological analyzes of total and thermotolerant coliform count, mesophilic aerobic count and filamentous fungi and yeast count, which were performed in duplicate. The elaborated drinks were characterized in relation to physical-chemical analyzes of titratable acidity and pH, performed in triplicate. In addition, it evaluated the sensorial acceptance of the samples by 60 consumers in relation to appearance, color, blackberry, flavor, sweetness, viscosity and global impression using a 9-point hedonic scale. The results obtained from the physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes presented within the established by the current legislation. The average acceptance of dairy drinks ranged from 5.1 to 6.7, obtaining an intermediate score between “neither liked / disliked” and “slightly liked”, in which the lowest average was given for the flavor attribute and the highest for the appearance of both samples. It is concluded that the cappuccino-type goat cheese whey milk has potential for commercialization and diversification in the local dairy production of Nossa Senhora da Glória with low environmental impact, however, these must be made using a higher concentration of sugar. KEYWORDS: Technological innovation; Whey; New products, Sensory evaluation; Goat milk.

Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil da adesão medicamentosa em idosos ativos pertencentes a grupos sociais. Material e métodos: Estudo observacional de caráter transversal, em que foram entrevistados 218 idosos, pertencentes de Grupo de Convivência para Idosos do Serviço Social do Comércio (SESC), na cidade de Maceió/AL, no período entre agosto e dezembro de 2016. Resultados: Na amostra 95,9% eram do sexo feminino. A média de consumo de medicamentos por dia foi estimada em 2,38%. Das classes farmacológicas predominaram anti-hipertensivos. Tratando-se da adesão medicamentosa, entre os que apresentavam dificuldade de lembrar-se de tomar observou-se baixa adesão (80,8%). Também foi identificada baixa adesão entre aqueles com renda inferior a 1 salário mínimo. Conclusão: É grande a repercussão da não adesão a tratamentos entre idosos já que a prevalência de doenças crônicas nesse grupo etário implica tratamentos que requerem um alto consumo de medicamentos, assim como mudanças de comportamento e de hábitos de vida, podendo dificultar a adesão.

ABSTRACT: The Jaraguá neighborhood in Maceió has undergone several transformations over time. From an economic center and a noble area of the capital of Alagoas from the end of the 19th century, there was an intense process of depopulation in the middle of the 20th century and loss of economic importance with the emergence of new noble neighborhoods, especially on the seafront, as well as new centralities in the upper part of the city. The main objective of this article is to be a synthesis of the current perception about the Jaraguá neighborhood, which was based on the studies developed during the discipline of Temporality and Intervention in Historical Centers of the Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism at the Federal University of Alagoas. In this one, we tried to capture some historical, cultural, economic and tourist clippings to understand the place. The study is justified by the relevance of the neighborhood as material and immaterial heritage, both municipal and for the state of Alagoas itself. The methodology had a qualitative character, based on bibliographic collection and through observation and verification method in loco. We sought to understand possible potentialities and risks for the heritage and to citizens who frequent the neighborhood. For this purpose, the swot / cute table methodology (strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats) was also used for data analysis. As results achieved, there was a series of criticisms and risks. However, potentialities and perspectives were also outlined in relation to accessibility equipment, security, identification, mobility, health, historical and cultural heritage. It was concluded that there is a need for public policy intervention for the neighborhood, however, allied to that, there must be a change in the awareness of society as a whole, regarding the importance of preserving and maintaining history, culture and environment present in Jaraguá and in the city of Maceió. KEYWORDS: Maceió, Jaraguá, interventions, heritage, public policies.