RCAAP Repository

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thickness of the periodontal ligament of rat molars during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 10 animals each: GI, GII and GIII and the mice were euthanized at 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively. Experimental subjects were compared to their respective controls by the Mann-Whitney test. Comparison of values between compression and tension sides were performed during the same and different time periods through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis test and, subsequently, Tukey’s test. Results: Groups GI and GII showed decreased PDL size in the apical regions of the mesiobuccal root and in the cervical region of the distobuccal root. There was also an increased PDL in the cervical regions of the mesiobuccal root, apical region of the distobuccal root and middle region of both roots. Conclusion: The reduction and increase in PDL size were seen in the same root, which characterizes tooth inclination. The apical, middle and cervical regions were compared with one another in each time period and at three times: 7, 14 and 21 days. They were also compared in each region, confirming a tipping movement in GI and GII and a gradual decreased intensity between GI to GII, reaching normal dimension in GIII.

The aim of this study was to compare clinical staging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) staging for oral cancer, and to assess inter-observer agreement between oral and medical radiologists. A total of 10 patients diagnosed with oral cancer were assessed before treatment. A head and neck surgeon performed clinical TNM staging. Two medical radiologists and two oral radiologists performed a new staging assessment by interpreting MRI scans, without prior knowledge of the clinical staging. They evaluated the extent of the primary tumor (T), metastasis to regional lymph nodes (N) and grouping by stages. The data were analyzed using the Kappa Index. There was significant agreement (p < 0.05) between the clinical and MRI staging assessments made by one oral radiologist for N stage, and between those made by one medical radiologist for the T and N stages and for the grouping by stages. In the MRI assessment, there was significant agreement among all four observers for both T stage and grouping by stages. For the N stage, there was no significant agreement between one oral radiologist and one medical radiologist or between both medical radiologists. There was significant agreement among the remaining radiologists. There was no agreement between the clinical and MRI staging. These results indicate the importance of using MRI for the diagnosis of oral cancer. Training initiatives and calibration of medical and oral radiologists should be promoted to provide an improved multidisciplinary approach to oral cancer.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the commonest disorders of the oral mucosa, with the onset of recurring painful ulcer lesions typically occurring in childhood or adolescence. The disorder is divided into three clinical forms: ulcer minor, ulcer major and herpetiform ulcer, the first form being the commonest. The etiology remains undefined, but there are evidences of several predisposing factors and pathogenesis points to a disorder of an immunological nature. Diagnosis is based on the clinical history and physical exam of the patient and the histopathological exam yields unspecific findings. Case Description: The authors report a case of RAS that was difficult to control, in which the coexistence of predisposing factors such as family history and psychosomatic factors appeared to make it more difficult to control the disease. Discussion: Several drugs are mentioned for treating RAS, and the most effective of these have adverse effects that restrict their use. Although the etiology remains undefined, the coexistence of predisposing factors, such as family history, contribute to more severe conditions, with great impact on the quality of life. This emphasizes the importance of lasting and multidisciplinary follow up, in order to ameliorate the great social and psychological impact, with more attention being paid to the predisposing factors in each case. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMO

O artigo se estrutura em dois estudos exploratórios sobre o exercício do diagnóstico clínico de lesões bucais no SUS. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionários, aplicados durante atividades de educação continuada. Aproximadamente 300 cirurgiões-dentistas que atuam na atenção básica responderam. Para a maioria (79,5%), há tempo, infraestrutura e intenção de realizar diagnóstico precoce. Por outro lado, os profissionais manifestaram dificuldades em realizar o exame clínico voltado para o câncer, por necessitarem de mais informações sobre a doença. Os resultados serviram de base para apresentar a interpretação auto-referida do cirurgião-dentista, no plano individual, bem como serviram de base para, a partir da revisão bibliográfica, apresentar a interpretação individual sob marcos conceituais da saúde comportamental (teoria do comportamento planejado), na perspectiva individual; e a interpretação da sociologia das profissões e das teorias de planejamento e programação para a promoção e vigilância em saúde, na perspectiva coletiva. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

A disciplina de Periodontia desenvolve, com o apoio de outras disciplinas do curso de Odontologia-UnB, o projeto de extensão “Atendimento periodontal em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e 2”. Atividades que articulam ensinopesquisa à extensão são desenvolvidas no projeto e propiciam aos participantes rica oportunidade de aprendizagem, vivência em pesquisa e, sobretudo, integração às comunidades atendidas. Descrevem-se, neste artigo, as modalidades desta atuação, o papel dos participantes, reflexos na formação discente e parte da dimensão dos benefícios aos pacientes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

This article presents the procedures that must be considered for periapical cyst repair after nonsurgical endodontic treatment. The case of a periapical cyst associated to the left maxillary lateral incisor is reported. Nonsurgical root canal therapy was performed and lesion healing was confirmed radiographically after 24 months. Differential diagnosis, endodontic infection control, apical foramen enlargement and filling of the cystic cavity with a calcium hydroxide paste were important procedures for case resolution.

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), present in Gram-positive microorganisms, has physiochemical characteristics that allow it to act as an immunogen. Due to polymicrobial characteristics of root canal infections, LTA can participate in the development of periapical disease. The reaction of the rat subcutaneous tissue to Teflon tube implants, filled with Fibrinol soaked in lipoteichoic acid (concentration of 150 μg/ml), was observed. Lipoteichoic acid provoked an inflammatory tissue reaction. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMO

Objetivos: Comparar a ultrassonometria do calcâneo com a densitometria óssea na avaliação de fraturas vertebrais morfométricas em homens acima de 60 anos. Sujeitos e métodos: Foram analisados 96 homens com mais de 60 anos por meio de densitometria óssea da coluna, fêmur e rádio, radiografia lateral da coluna torácica e lombar e ultrassonometria do calcâneo. Resultados: Cinquenta e um por cento dos homens apresentaram osteoporose e fraturas vertebrais. Foi observada correlação entre índice de stiffness e T-score da ultrassonometria e as densidades minerais ósseas (DMO) de todos os sítios. Quanto à presença de fraturas, identificou- se correlação com a DMO do rádio ultradistal e 33%. Por meio da curva ROC, observou-se acurácia da DMO do rádio UD na detecção de fraturas vertebrais. Conclusões: Nosso estudo mostrou correlação entre a ultrassonometria e a densitometria no diagnóstico de osteoporose em homens acima dos 60 anos. Também se identificou correlação entre fratura vertebral morfométrica e a DMO do rádio.

Background: Studies examining human and nonhuman primates have supported the hypothesis that the recent increase in the occurrence of misalignment of teeth and/or incorrect relation of dental arches, named dental malocclusion, is mainly attributed to the availability of a more processed diet and the reduced need for powerful masticatory action. For the first time on live human populations, genetic and tooth wear influences on occlusal variation were examined in a split indigenous population. The Arara-Iriri people are descendants of a single couple expelled from a larger village. In the resultant village, expansion occurred through the mating of close relatives, resulting in marked genetic cohesion with substantial genetic differences. Methodology/Principal Findings: Dental malocclusion, tooth wear and inbreeding coefficient were evaluated. The sample examined was composed of 176 individuals from both villages. Prevalence Ratio and descriptive differences in the outcomes frequency for each developmental stage of the dentition were considered. Statistical differences between the villages were examined using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact statistic. Tooth wear and the inbreeding coefficient (F) between the villages was tested with Mann-Whitney statistics. All the statistics were performed using two-tailed distribution at p#0.05. The coefficient inbreeding (F) confirmed the frequent incestuous unions among the Arara-Iriri indigenous group. Despite the tooth wear similarities, we found a striking difference in occlusal patterns between the two Arara villages. In the original village, dental malocclusion was present in about one third of the population; whilst in the resultant village, the occurrence was almost doubled. Furthermore, the morphological characteristics of malocclusion were strongly different between the groups. Conclusions/Significance: Our findings downplay the widespread influence of tooth wear, a direct evidence of what an individual ate in the past, on occlusal variation of living human populations. They also suggest that genetics plays the most important role on dental malocclusion etiology.

A demência é classificada como uma desordem mental de caráter neurodegenerativo que atinge o Sistema Nervoso Central. A doença de Alzheimer é a forma de demência mais prevalente que acomete pessoas idosas e é definida como a perda progressiva e persistente de múltiplas áreas das funções intelectuais. Promove gradual deteriorização da memória, aprendizado, orientação, estabilidade emocional e capacidade de comunicação. Além disso, pensamentos abstratos (paranóias e alucinações) e o declínio dos cuidados pessoais, como tomar banho e a realização da higiene bucal são comuns, interferindo na vida social e diária do indivíduo. De acordo com a evolução, a doença de Alzheimer é dividida em três fases distintas: inicial, intermediária e final. Este estudo objetiva abordar as características e sugerir orientações ao atendimento odontológico nas fases representativas da evolução desse quadro demencial. O cirurgião-dentista deve ter conhecimento dos diferentes estágios desta doença e suas características para direcionar a atenção em saúde bucal de forma individualizada a seus pacientes. A participação dos cuidadores, familiares, além da equipe de saúde é fundamental e também necessária para a manutenção da saúde bucal desses idosos. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Artes, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arte, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, 2007.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Direito, 2013.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, 2013.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2012.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Química de Proteínas, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social, 2013.