RCAAP Repository

This dissertation focuses on the basic issues in the development of the institution in which the Museum is configured. The focus is on Art Museums and their original purpose, as well as their relationship with the original object. This is, therefore, the basic premise of departure, for the raising of questions that evidence the experience in the Museum based on authenticity, in contrast with the tendency to move away from the value of the authentic. In this way, the work carried out by us is shaped into 3 plans: the socio-economic plan; the cultural plan; and, as expected, the museological plan. In these terms, we begin an analysis that extends from the formation of the Museum to the present day, highlighting some moments, considered by us, as transforming or fundamental. Having this said, we enter on an anthropological and aesthetic excursion, questioning values that, in principle, would be unanimous, in terms of consensus. Throughout the text, we interpenetrate our reasoning in the 3 plans, whose objective is to scrutinize the influence on the Museum. The Museum tends to transform its original meaning by adapting to the present time, so we propose a reflection on whether, strictly speaking, we are neglecting the relationship between Authenticity and Museum; and, if so, where are we heading to. We propose the analysis of the base that originated the Museum, questioning its action, its objects, and practices, to understand the emergence of an 'identity crisis', which haunts it. As well as exploring the extent to which the Museum and the original object are intrinsically and conceptually linked. In this way, we articulate the issue of authenticity, as the basis of the museological experience, with the respective analysis of the transformation that is the museum good, in art museums.

O presente artigo aborda os propósitos de regionalização da rede hospitalar portuguesa durante o regime ditatorial do Estado Novo (1933-1974), lançados no após Segunda Guerra Mundial. Almejando um sistema hospitalar coordenado com base regional, o governo português limitou-se a comparticipar a construção e a remodelação de edifícios, relegando as múltiplas tarefas envolvidas no funcionamento hospitalar para instituições particulares, o que dificultou o desenvolvimento e o acesso a cuidados de saúde a uma parte significativa da população. Com base na análise de viagens de estudo realizadas por administradores hospitalares e engenheiros sanitários nas décadas de 1940 e 1950, sobretudo a países europeus como Itália, França e Inglaterra, pondera-se acerca da importância dos contatos com redes internacionais de especialistas e da influência exercida pelos exemplos estrangeiros sobre as medidas de organização da assistência hospitalar em Portugal estabelecidas nos anos seguintes.

Background: Emotion identification is a fundamental component of social cognition. Although it is well established that a general cognitive decline occurs with advancing age, the effects of age on emotion identification is still unclear. A meta-analysis by Ruffman and colleagues (2008) explored this issue, but much research has been published since then, reporting inconsistent findings. Methods: To examine age differences in the identification of facial expressions of emotion, we conducted a meta-analysis of 24 empirical studies (N = 1,033 older adults, N = 1,135 younger adults) published after 2008. Additionally, a meta-regression analysis was conducted to identify potential moderators. Results: Results show that older adults less accurately identify facial expressions of anger, sadness, fear, surprise, and happiness compared to younger adults, strengthening the results obtained by Ruffman et al. (2008). However, meta-regression analyses indicate that effect sizes are moderated by sample characteristics and stimulus features. Importantly, the estimated effect size for the identification of fear and disgust increased for larger differences in the number of years of formal education between the two groups. Discussion: We discuss several factors that might explain the age-related differences in emotion identification and suggest how brain changes may account for the observed pattern. Furthermore, moderator effects are interpreted and discussed.

Substantial evidence from epidemiological studies suggests that caffeine may be protective against the cognitive decline seen in dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This evidence was reappraised by the authors of the original studies in this special issue of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, and, despite methodological differences between the studies, the data was confirmed by the valuable meta-analysis of Santos and colleagues [3]. Notably, epidemiological studies corroborated by meta-analysis also suggest that caffeine may be protective against Parkinson’s disease.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that ultimately leads to joint destruction and functional disability. Although the exact etiology of RA is not fully understood, it is well established that gut microbiota (GM) plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of RA, with accumulating evidence suggesting that gut dysbiosis induces a chronic inflammatory response that may be linked to disease development. Of interest, patients with RA have significant changes in the intestinal microbiota compared to healthy controls, and several studies have suggested the use of probiotics as a possible adjuvant therapy for RA. Benefits of probiotic supplementation were reported in animal models of arthritis and human studies, but the current evidence regarding the effect of probiotic supplementation in the management of RA remains insufficient to make definite recommendations. Several different strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria, as single species or in mixed culture, have been investigated, and some have demonstrated beneficial effects on disease activity in RA human subjects. As of now, L.casei probiotic bacteria seems to be the strongest candidate for application as adjuvant therapy for RA patients. In this review, we highlight the role of GM in the development and progression of RA and summarize the current knowledge on the use of probiotics as a potential adjuvant therapy for RA. We also review the proposed mechanisms whereby probiotics regulate inflammation. Finally, the role of fermented foods is discussed as a possible alternative to probiotic supplements since they have also been reported to have health benefits.

O presente estudo, realizado no âmbito de uma dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia, focou-se na aplicação de uma intervenção nas abordagens à leitura em um estudante do ensino secundário, através da metodologia de experiência de caso único. Este estudo teve como objectivos principais: - modificação da abordagem à leitura utilizada pelo estudante, no sentido de este adoptar uma abordagem de profundidade e organização; - verificação do impacto da intervenção na qualidade da aprendizagem do estudante. Os resultados desta intervenção são congruentes com o facto de esta intervenção promover a utilização de uma abordagem de profundidade e organização à leitura e consequentemente, aumentar a qualidade da aprendizagem.

This PhD dissertation is an opportunity to raise awareness on the importance of educating for creativity in a higher education context, to systematize and propose new readings and active pedagogical tools in the area of creativity, having as a field of action artistic higher education. It aims to respond to the educational needs that are experienced in the national territory, felt by the teachers in the scope of the teaching-learning process of any discipline of the artistic courses or in other degrees of artistic education and also felt by the recent graduates in the development of their professional activity. The latter have sensed this specific gap in initial training in what concerns to the theoretical approach and practice of methods of stimulation of creativity, as well as instruments and methods for its evaluation. This research focuses on the understanding of the various dimensions involved in the study of creativity, its different levels of manifestation and the exploration of practices based on methods and techniques of stimulation of creativity developed in a set of artistic curricular units in the national territory that can absorb in its methodology, procedures that generate more creative responses of students to a particular problem, in national artistic courses. With this case study and participant observation, this analysis will culminate in a proposal to optimize curricula in this area in order to articulate new ways of working in the training of young artists and teachers, aiming at the future success of individuals capable of transposing challenges in an original and innovative way. The central starting point that will guide this project can be defined as follows: "Are institutions of artistic higher education awakened to the need to contemplate in their curricula the implementation of curricular units dedicated to the study and stimulation of creativity?"

In general terms, we explore the study of ambiguity on the representation of the female body in Sculpture, using the mimesis and representation of classical system as a theoretical framework.Taking under consideration the plastic values of composition, the classical representation of the human body is subject to the study of anatomy, balance, proportion, dimension and the relation of the parts with the whole. However, with the advent of modernism in the 20th century, the traditional concepts of unity and integrity have been abandoned giving rise to an increasing disinterest for human body representation while coherent and continuous entity. The female body is connected to the most elementary notions of order and composition. It will be within this context that we propose the study of female morphology as a medium to convey ambiguity. This reference to ambiguity implies reflecting upon an ideal form perspective. The condition of ambiguity in Sculpture sets forth a multivaluation of poetic language. It is universal and assumes sheer communion between opposites. Similarly to what happens with the human body, in which a duality is established made of spirit and body, that which marks the sculptural work is the capacity to harmonize opposite entities in search for an idealization, a process by which the “object of love” is worth the refinement. Sculpture demands a material result which is expressed in tridimensional shape, a practical materialization. The sculptor observes, idealizes, composes, and brings to life a new presence in space. His creative process is mainly active and can only exist in the scope of a deep dialogue with matter. In this sense, the approach we propose tends to be a theme analysis that converges in theoretical and practical aspects of composition in Sculpture which seemingly will result in the installation of an original sculpture in a public space of Moledo – Inês, depois do pecado (2014) – with the aim of establishing, from an artistic, technical, thematic and symbolic perspective, a connection link and a possible return onto the figurative representation in to contemporary art at the 21st century.

A obra contém as actas da IV Conferência de Ciências da Arte, subordinada ao tema "Arte & Natureza", organizada pelo Grupo de Ciências e Teorias da Arte, da Faculdade de Belas Artes da Universidade de Lisboa, onde decorreram em Nov. de 2009

Esta Newsletter (NL) resulta de uma parceria entre o Instituto de Saúde Baseada na Evidência e a Cochrane Portugal, e tem como objectivo disponibilizar informação sobre áreas interessantes para a prática clínica, com base na melhor evidência científica. São incluídos estudos relevantes, criticamente avaliados pela sua validade, importância dos resultados e aplicabilidade prática, resumidos numa óptica de suporte à decisão. É dada prioridade a estudos de causalidade incluindo-se ainda, quando justificado, estudos qualitativos e metodológicos, assim como revisões científicas. O conteúdo da NL é da exclusiva responsabilidade do(s) seu(s) autor(es).

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From Analogue to Image Retrieval: Concepts of Archival Art in Daniel Blaufuks, seeks to explore a question first triggered by the viewing of Daniel Blaufuks’s Constellation series in his exhibition-project, All the Memory of the World, part one (2014): might digital databases and image retrieval systems be viewed as developments of archival processes and thinking? Has the touted rupture between analogue and digital occurred, or does archival art live in them both? With a career that spans several decades, Blaufuks has been deeply engaged with questions surrounding the Holocaust, exile, memory and postmemory. Photography, film and archival material have been the tools chosen for his excavations; nonetheless, it is impossible to overlook the influence of literature in the artist’s work. Having begun with the appropriation of physical archival material, such as photographic albums, polaroids or slides, Blaufuks has also employed digital images and image-retrieval systems such as Google Image. In the view to proceed with an analysis on the crucial argument of this thesis, I have divided it into to three sections. The first, Daniel Blaufuks: The ‘Material’ Archive, as the name indicates, focuses on considerations on the so-called material archive, meaning the analogue archive. Daniel Blaufuks: Writing with Images, the second section, is devoted to two thematic components of the artist’s oeuvre: memory and literature. Here I equally offer a comparative analysis between Blaufuks and the works of writers Georges Perec and W. G. Sebald. In Daniel Blaufuks: Traversing the Archive, the final section, I return to the theoretical frameworks surrounding the archive, yet one founded on 0s and 1s rather than paper and ink. In writing From Analogue to Image Retrieval: Concepts of Archival Art in Daniel Blaufuks, I strive to illuminate the continuities from analogue to digital archives, and analogue to digital archival art practices. Blaufuks’s ease and breadth in the incorporation of a variety of media into his projects stands as an ideal case study for the exploration of the questions I put forward in this thesis.

Um AVC classifica-se como maligno quando a presença de edema cerebral condiciona um aumento da pressão intracraniana e herniação cerebral. Nesta situação, a cirurgia descompressiva provou ser life-saving, mas recentemente alguns trabalhos mostraram uma elevada frequência de crises epiléticas em doentes submetidos a este procedimento (44-62%). Contudo, a quantificação deste risco e os fatores que lhe estão associados ainda não foram extensamente investigados. Neste sentido, estudou-se retrospetivamente os doentes submetidos a craniectomia descompressiva após AVC maligno da circulação anterior, internados na Unidade de AVC do CHULN-HSM de janeiro 2006 a março 2019. Nos doentes com e sem crises (sintomáticas agudas e não provocadas) foram comparadas variáveis clínicas (idade, sexo, NIHSS), imagiológicas (ASPECTS, transformação hemorrágica) e neurofisiológicas (atividade epileptiforme intercrítica e crítica). Foram incluídos 57 doentes com uma idade média de 55,8 anos (±11,04), seguidos em média durante 26,31 meses (±28,19). Destes, 17 (29,82%) tiveram crises epiléticas: 6 (10,53%) crises sintomáticas agudas e 12 (21,43%) crises não provocadas. A análise bivariada mostrou uma associação entre a ocorrência de crises não provocadas e a mediana do ASPECTS da 1.ª TC-CE realizada (6 (IIQ 4) no grupo com crises e 2 (IIQ 3) no grupo sem crises, p<0,05). Neste trabalho, a frequência de crises epiléticas após AVC maligno submetido a craniectomia foi elevada, embora inferior à reportado em estudos anteriores, mostrando a importância de o clínico estar alerta para esta complicação. A dimensão do enfarte na admissão hospitalar aparenta ser um fator de risco para a ocorrência de crises não provocadas, ou seja, de epilepsia neste grupo de doentes. Um estudo caso-controlo poderá ser desenhado para melhor isolar fatores de risco associados à realização do procedimento cirúrgico propriamente dito.

A tradução jurídica chinês-português desempenha um papel crítico no processo de aprofundamento e expansão do uso comum do chinês juntamente com o do português em Macau e em intercâmbios e comunicações entre a China e os países lusófonos. Esta dissertação visa analisar as influências de factores sociais na tradução jurídica de Macau e explorar as estratégias para lidar com elas. Para este efeito, é examinado em especial o Código Civil de Macau como objecto de investigação. O Código Civil de Macau é, por um lado, uma declaração de protecção dos legítimos direitos e interesses das pessoas, estando intimamente relacionado com as pessoas na sociedade, e, por outro, estabelece as normas de comportamento e cumprimento básico para diversas actividades civis dos sujeitos civis. Através da comparação e análise crítica da actual versão bilingue do Código Civil de Macau, a dissertação estuda vários factores sociais, nomeadamente políticos e relativos ao ambiente linguístico e a perspectiva de pensamento moldada por cultura, que afectam as decisões tomadas durante a tradução jurídica, assim como as teorias, métodos e estratégias de tradução aplicadas, a fim de lidar com os problemas suscitados. Por meio da análise acima mencionada, chega-se à conclusão de que, no processo de tradução jurídica, os factores sociais são de grande relevância para a tradução, o que se reflecte principalmente na escolha de palavras e terminologia na língua de chegada e na forma de construção de frases. Nesse processo, além de se explorar a conversão equivalente ao nível das palavras e das frases, é feita uma análise sobre a intenção legislativa e os efeitos jurídicos que a tradução correspondente pode produzir. No final desta dissertação, com base nas características especiais formada em Macau durante o processo de tradução jurídica, explora-se os métodos e as estratégias mais adequadas para a tradução jurídica português-chinês.

Background: ochratoxins are mycotoxins produced by filamentous fungi with important implications in the food manufacturing industry due to their toxicity. Decontamination by specific ochratoxin-degrading enzymes has become an interesting alternative for the treatment of contaminated food commodities. Methods: using a structure-based approach based on homology modeling, blind molecular docking of substrates and characterization of low-frequency protein motions, we performed a proteome mining in filamentous fungi to characterize new enzymes with potential ochratoxinase activity. Results: the proteome mining results demonstrated the ubiquitous presence of fungal binuclear zinc-dependent amido-hydrolases with a high degree of structural homology to the already characterized ochratoxinase from Aspergillus niger. Ochratoxinase-like enzymes from ochratoxin-producing fungi showed more favorable substrate-binding pockets to accommodate ochratoxins A and B. Conclusions: filamentous fungi are an interesting and rich source of hydrolases potentially capable of degrading ochratoxins, and could be used for the detoxification of diverse food commodities.

We describe a series of four African women with lipomembranous panniculitis after subcutaneous injections of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), a synthetic progestin commonly used as a contraceptive, in the buttocks and thighs, due to aesthetic reasons.

Departing from the analysis of the book series "Collection", I sought to define an insightful space of thought that would deepen the developed works. Such analysis is strongly anchored on the books, but it also aims to further investigate other theoretical, historical, and artistic dimensions, in a fluid intertwinement of theory and practice. This dissertation has two distinct moments. In the first chapter, which develops from a set of questions around the creation of a book collection of photographic images, I have tried to analyze the essential elements of the presented works, both from a material and formal points of view. The themes addressed in the second chapter stem from anintrospective process, where I have investigated the motivations underlying this body of work, particularly by focusing on the impetus of artistic creation in permanent connection to the transiency and ephemerality of everyday experience. While taking up the question of the relationship between art and experience, and between art and life, I have defended a context for art, advocating for a possibility of micro-scale actions, and for a definition of a field that would allow us to escape from the dominant spectacular trends of the artistic phenomena. Ideally, my project regards the outlining of another space, one that would welcome intimacy, contemplation and silence.the establishment of such essentially poetic space belongs to the inevitable dimension of personal experience. I believe, however, that by illuminating the everyday vulgarity of the real, art offers a possibility to re!ect upon it and upon the ability we have to ultimately transform it

In the last two decades, molecular surveys of arboviruses have enabled the identification of several new viruses, contributing to the knowledge of viral diversity and providing important epidemiological data regarding possible new emerging viruses. A combination of diagnostic assays, Illumina sequencing and phylogenetic inference are here used to characterize two new Massilia phlebovirus strains isolated from sandflies collected in the Arrábida region, Portugal. Whole genome sequence analysis enabled their identification as reassortants and the recognition of genomic variants co-circulating in Portugal. Much is still unknown about the life cycle, geographic range, evolutionary forces and public health importance of these viruses in Portugal and elsewhere, and more studies are needed.

Mobile health (mHealth) has emerged as a potential solution to providing valuable ecological information about the severity and burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms in real-life conditions. Objective: The objective of our study was to explore the feasibility and usability of an mHealth system for continuous and objective real-life measures of patients' health and functional mobility, in unsupervised settings. Methods: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD, who were able to walk unassisted, and had an Android smartphone were included. Patients were asked to answer a daily survey, to perform three weekly active tests, and to perform a monthly in-person clinical assessment. Feasibility and usability were explored as primary and secondary outcomes. An exploratory analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between data from the mKinetikos app and clinical assessments. Results: Seventeen participants (85%) completed the study. Sixteen participants (94.1%) showed a medium-to-high level of compliance with the mKinetikos system. A 6-point drop in the total score of the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire was observed. Conclusions: Our results support the feasibility of the mKinetikos system for continuous and objective real-life measures of a patient's health and functional mobility. The observed correlations of mKinetikos metrics with clinical data seem to suggest that this mHealth solution is a promising tool to support clinical decisions.

Changes in plasma membrane curvature and intracellular ionic strength are two key features of cell volume perturbations. In this hypothesis we present a model of the responsible molecular apparatus which is assembled of two molecular motors [non-muscle myosin II (NMMII) and protrusive actin polymerization], a spring [a complex between the plasma membrane (PM) and the submembrane actin-based cytoskeleton (smACSK) which behaves like a viscoelastic solid] and the associated signaling proteins. We hypothesize that this apparatus senses changes in both the plasma membrane curvature and the ionic strength and in turn activates signaling pathways responsible for regulatory volume increase (RVI) and regulatory volume decrease (RVD). During cell volume changes hydrostatic pressure (HP) changes drive alterations in the cell membrane curvature. HP difference has opposite directions in swelling versus shrinkage, thus allowing distinction between them. By analogy with actomyosin contractility that appears to sense stiffness of the extracellular matrix we propose that NMMII and actin polymerization can actively probe the transmembrane gradient in HP. Furthermore, NMMII and protein-protein interactions in the actin cortex are sensitive to ionic strength. Emerging data on direct binding to and regulating activities of transmembrane mechanosensors by NMMII and actin cortex provide routes for signal transduction from transmembrane mechanosensors to cell volume regulatory mechanisms.