RCAAP Repository

Fortunately, artistic research has become more accepted by academia in recent years and the potential for a mutually beneficial relationship between art and science seems more promising than ever. Despite this, tensions and reluctance continue to exist that excessively hinder the development of interdisciplinary projects where Art is involved. In this paper we will try, in the first place, to analyze comparatively artistic research and scientific research in the light of four classic domains of the Philosophy of Science: language, mereology, method and truth; secondly, we will formulate two hypotheses about the reasons for the persistent disagreement between art and science, based on the separation between rationalism and empiricism and, on the possibility of encounter, based on the speculative use of reason, between the artistic and scientific research; two methodologically different views on the same concepts or metaphysical problems.

O Regime Republicano e a afirmação do município como resultante da descentralização e como local pedagógico. O caso de Viana do Castelo.

A Eficiência Energética surgiu não só devido à necessidade de reduzir as tendências de consumo, face à iminente escassez de recursos, mas também pelo facto do consumo abusivo desses mesmos recursos colocarem em causa a qualidade de vida das gerações futuras (Brundtland, 1987). Nas últimas duas décadas, começaram a ser desenvolvidas várias políticas e estratégias a fim de maximizar o uso energético e reduzir o impacto das atividades humanas no meio ambiente, a fim de obter o máximo potencial das fontes de energia disponíveis (Patterson, 1996). Simultaneamente, a escassez de água e as alterações climáticas originam uma certa preocupação. A promoção da Eficiência Hídrica nomeadamente através da prática de reutilização de água, revela a importância da integração das boas práticas de gestão da água no combate aos períodos de seca e de escassez de água, que tendem a ser cada vez mais frequentes e de maior intensidade (Teixeira, 2015). O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar um conjunto de indicadores de eficiência energética e hídrica utilizados a nível regional pelo ciclo programático de 2014-2020, permitindo assim, elaborar um diagnóstico prospetivo que focasse na análise dos níveis de utilização do recurso da Água e da Energia como também nos principais fatores de pressão no consumo de água e energia responsáveis pelas disparidades regionais, procurando identificar quais as estratégias implementadas e as medidas que foram adotadas por algumas das empresas que apresentam um envolvimento direto para com o problema da eficiência energética e no consumo de água na Região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo. Para tal, realizou-se um inquérito às Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME), de forma a identificar que medidas e estratégias de Eficiência Energética e Hídrica foram definidas para resolver esses mesmos problemas. Desta forma, foi possível concluir que o setor secundário e terciário implementou não só o maior número de sistemas de monitorização de consumo e de projetos relacionados com a eficiência energética e hídrica, como também foram os que mais promoveram o desenvolvimento e implementação de novas tecnologias e práticas de eficiência. Em relação às atividades do setor primário e secundário, estas foram as que mais realizaram auditorias energéticas, como também foram as que mais investiram na modernização e substituição dos seus equipamentos e processos produtivos por outros mais eficientes. Porém, e apesar de todas as medidas e políticas aplicadas para atenuar as disparidades intrarregionais, continuam a existir múltiplas adversidades como a forte dependência de recursos não renováveis, o défice de autoprodução energética e hídrica das empresas, os custos elevados face à instalação de equipamentos e mecanismos mais eficientes, e que ao qual faz-se questionar se o seguinte Ciclo Programático (2021-2027), terá a eficácia e capacidade de não só continuar com o processo de mitigação das adversidades ainda existentes, a fim de preparar o território para o paradigma das alterações climáticas.

O presente relatório de estágio aborda a questão do reuso adaptativo, no contexto do património arquitetónico, para fins turísticos, tendo como caso de estudo o programa REVIVE. Foi desenvolvido no Mestrado de Geografia Humana: Globalização, Sociedade e Território do Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do território (IGOT), sendo que o estágio foi realizado no Turismo de Portugal, integrado na equipa multidisciplinar de Projetos Transversais à Oferta Turística da Direção da Valorização da Oferta. É orientado por questões de origem operativa, direcionadas para o caso de estudo. Neste relatório pretende-se compreender quais são os atributos mais valorizados pelos investidores nos imóveis que têm sido colocados a concurso no programa REVIVE e quais são os critérios que orientam as suas opções de investimento. Para responder a este objetivo recorreu-se à análise de documentos fornecidos pelo Turismo de Portugal e realização de inquéritos aos investidores do programa REVIVE. Os resultados da investigação permitiram concluir que os investidores estão interessados no património histórico-arquitetónico do país e que estão abertos e disponíveis para colaborar em projetos de reuso adaptativo para fins turísticos. Foram considerados critérios relacionados com diversos aspetos, a localização, a acessibilidade e situação contextual, as características e as necessidades de investimento dos imóveis, e avaliada a importância destes para os investidores. Dos critérios avaliados, verificou-se que os investidores do programa REVIVE, no processo de tomada de decisão de investimento, valorizam uma combinação de critérios relativos a diferentes aspetos, sendo que o destaque de alguns dos critérios não implica que os restantes não são relevantes. A história dos imóveis, ou seja, o seu valor histórico, é um dos critérios mais valorizados pelos investidores, sendo que, pelas características dos imóveis incluídos do programa, está presente em todos os imóveis. A classificação dos imóveis é também valorizada, já que os investidores consideram esta uma vantagem para o investimento. As localizações dos imóveis no litoral e em localizações centrais são especialmente apreciadas pelos investidores, assim como a acessibilidade dos imóveis e a proximidade dos mesmos a transportes públicos. Observou-se ainda que os investidores consideram o critério do montante de investimento estimado para a recuperação do imóvel relevante no processo de tomada de decisão de investimento.

Recensão à obra de Maria João Rodrigues intitulada Avaliação da Informação Arquivística- Governos Civis, publicada pelas Edições Colibri em 2021.

This second volume includes the Lives of Pertinax, Didius Julianus, Septimius Severus, Pescenius Niger, Clodius Albinus, Caracala, Geta, Macrinus, Didadumnus and Heliogabalus. Thus, taking into account Pertinax’s accession to the imperial throne and Heliogabalus’ death, the volume covers the period of Rome’s history from 192 to 222 AD. If we take into account the birth of Pertinax (A.D. 122), the time covered by this set of lives is therefore about a century. The period covered by the lives gathered here coincides with that of the establishment of the Severan dinasty, which followed that of the Antonines, emperors that marked at various levels the Roman imperial apogee. Of all the biographies gathered in this volume, that of Heliogabalus should be, by the wealth of descriptions, the one that best corresponds to a certain contemporary - though not necessarily factual - imaginary of Ancient Rome: a civilisation marked by excess, exoticism, cruelty and perversion.

This essay focuses on the biography of Britannicus, son of Claudius and Valeria Messalina, considering particularly the information transmitted by Tacitus in the Annales. Tacitus’ work is also the only source that realizes that Britannicus would have been sexually assaulted by Nero, his brother by adoption, brother-in-law and rival as far as power was concerned. Thus, we also intend to analyse the reference to the stuprum of the young prince and its meaning within the historiography of Tacitus.

Esta Newsletter (NL) resulta de uma parceria entre o Instituto de Saúde Baseada na Evidência e a Cochrane Portugal, e tem como objectivo disponibilizar informação sobre áreas interessantes para a prática clínica, com base na melhor evidência científica. São incluídos estudos relevantes, criticamente avaliados pela sua validade, importância dos resultados e aplicabilidade prática, resumidos numa óptica de suporte à decisão. É dada prioridade a estudos de causalidade incluindo-se ainda, quando justificado, estudos qualitativos e metodológicos, assim como revisões científicas. O conteúdo da NL é da exclusiva responsabilidade do(s) seu(s) autor(es).

Objectives: To investigate the cross-sectional and prospective associations of lifestyle risk behaviors clustering with elevated depressive symptoms and to explore synergic prospective associations of different combinations of lifestyle risk behaviors with subsequent depressive symptoms. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Data on 31,190 middle-aged and older adults from waves 4 (2011) and 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were used. Main outcome measures: Elevated depressive symptoms were estimated using the EURO-D 12-item scale. Lifestyle risk behaviors composing the cluster included physical inactivity, inadequate consumption of fruit and/or vegetables, binge drinking, and tobacco smoking. Gender, age group, education, place of residence, country, number of chronic diseases and body mass index were considered as confounders. Results: With the exception of binge drinking, all lifestyle risk behaviors were associated with higher odds of elevated depressive symptoms in cross-sectional and prospective analyses. The clustering of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors was cross-sectionally associated with elevated depressive symptoms and the clustering of two [odds ratio [OR]: 1.39; 95%CI: 1.28-1.51) and three or four (OR: 1.60; 95%CI: 1.38-1.85) were prospectively associated with elevated depressive symptoms. There were no interactions between the pairs of behaviors in the association with later elevated depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Our findings support the need for interventions integrating multiple health behaviors to prevent elevated depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults.

Motivation can be broadly defined as what moves people to act. Low motivation is a frequently reported factor for the reduced physical activity (PA) levels observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed patients' motives to be physically active, according to three pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) participation groups (Never PR, Previous PR and Current PR) and explored whether these motives were related to the PA levels and clinical characteristics. The motives to be physically active were assessed with the Exercise Motivation Inventory-2 (EMI-2, 14 motivational factors, five dimensions) and PA with accelerometry (PA groups: <5000 steps/day vs. ≥5000 steps/day). The clinical variables included symptoms, impact of the disease, exercise capacity and comorbidities. Ninety-two patients (67.4 ± 8.1 years, 82.6% male, forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) 48.3 ± 18.9% predicted; 30.4% Never PR, 51% Previous PR and 18.5% Current PR) participated. The motivational dimensions related to health/fitness presented the highest scores (3.8 ± 1.1; 3.4 ± 1.3). The motives to be active were not significantly different between PA groups (p > 0.05) but having less symptoms and ≥two comorbidities were associated with higher scores in psychological/health and body-related motives, respectively (p < 0.05). The findings may encourage health professionals to actively explore with patients their motives to be physically active to individualise PA promotion.

The Sodium/Iodide Symporter (NIS) is responsible for the active transport of iodide into thyroid follicular cells. Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) usually preserve the functional expression of NIS, allowing the use of radioactive iodine (RAI) as the treatment of choice for metastatic disease. However, a significant proportion of patients with advanced forms of TC become refractory to RAI therapy and no effective therapeutic alternatives are available. Impaired iodide uptake is mainly caused by the defective functional expression of NIS, and this has been associated with several pathways linked to malignant transformation. MAPK signaling has emerged as one of the main pathways implicated in thyroid tumorigenesis, and its overactivation has been associated with the downregulation of NIS expression. Thus, several strategies have been developed to target the MAPK pathway attempting to increase iodide uptake in refractory DTC. However, MAPK inhibitors have had only partial success in restoring NIS expression and, in most cases, it remained insufficient to allow effective treatment with RAI. In a previous work, we have shown that the activity of the small GTPase RAC1 has a positive impact on TSH-induced NIS expression and iodide uptake in thyroid cells. RAC1 is a downstream effector of NRAS, but not of BRAF. Therefore, we hypothesized that the positive regulation induced by RAC1 on NIS could be a relevant signaling cue in the mechanism underlying the differential response to MEK inhibitors, observed between NRAS- and BRAF-mutant tumors. In the present study, we found that the recovery of NIS expression induced through MAPK pathway inhibition can be enhanced by potentiating RAC1 activity in thyroid cell systems. The negative impact on NIS expression induced by the MAPK-activating alterations, NRAS Q61R and BRAF V600E, was partially reversed by the presence of the MEK 1/2 inhibitors AZD6244 and CH5126766. Notably, the inhibition of RAC1 signaling partially blocked the positive impact of MEK inhibition on NIS expression in NRAS Q61R cells. Conversely, the presence of active RAC1 considerably improved the rescue of NIS expression in BRAF V600E thyroid cells treated with MEK inhibitors. Overall, our data support an important role for RAC1 signaling in enhancing MAPK inhibition in the context of RAI therapy in DTC, opening new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.

Background: In patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), bleeding risk should be carefully assessed but none of the available risk scores is currently recommended. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the performance of bleeding scores in patients with VTE focusing on high-risk patients. Methods: Longitudinal studies were searched in Medline and Cochrane Library, as well as reviews and references of retrieved articles. Studies were identified, data were extracted, and reporting quality was evaluated. We determined the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of the 'high risk' category of each bleeding score. Random effects meta-analysis was performed in order to derive the central estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Twenty-one studies and ten bleeding scores fulfilled the inclusion criteria. VTE-BLEED showed the highest sensitivity but the second-lowest specificity (Se 76%; Sp 61%), followed by ACCP (Se 59%; Sp 57%). The remaining scores had high specificity (> 80%) but a low sensitivity (< 20%). HEMORR2HAGES and Niewenhuis score showed the best performance regarding LR+ that was 2.67 and 5.91, respectively. Regarding DOR, the Niewenhuis score and VTE-BLEED were the best performers with 9.04; 95% CI 3.87-21.09 and 4.94 95% CI 2.66-9.09, respectively. In a cohort with patients predominantly treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), VTE-BLEED had the highest sensitivity (Se 77%; Sp 60%). Conclusions: Overall, the majority of the risk scores showed a moderate ability to forecast major bleeding events, with the VTE-BLEED as the most sensitive in patients treated with DOACs.

No contexto da cultura escolar, cada experiência e cada sucesso são marcados por uma transformação e por uma singularidade. As práticas educativas caracterizam-se por uma normatividade estruturada através de uma gramática, tendendo para hábitos e traduzindo-se em rotinas. As práticas são mediações da cultura escolar. Após uma explanação teórica e de contextualização na instituição escolar e na cultura escrita, aborda-se a caligrafia como prática de normatividade.

This article positions collective renewable energy prosumerism as a social movement that engages in energy system transformation. Collective renewable energy prosumer initiatives engage in ‘prefigurative’ work through their discursive framings (ways of thinking), their activities (ways of doing) and their understanding and enactment of social relations (ways of organising). The core of this article is a comparative analysis of the prefigurative work of 13 collective prosumers from 7 European countries (Belgium, Croatia, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, United Kingdom). The article discusses their contributions to energy system transformation, including renewable energy production, different mechanisms for involving citizens, local value creation, and the degree of desired and actual collaboration and networking within broader prosumer ecosystems. We then discuss these contributions against societal discourses and expectations towards prosumerism, such as energy democracy, energy justice, and environmental sustainability and decarbonisation. This reveals three tensions: 1) a focus on decarbonisation but not on broader environmental problems, 2) the involvement of certain people and not of others, and 3) the building of prosumer eco-systems while ignoring incumbency. Future research avenues are formulated to conclude the article

Portuguese-speaking countries are at different levels in the process of promoting environmental education and sustainability. In recognition of the political and cultural ties within a considerable diversity of socio-economic conditions, a pioneering study was developed in 2017 to map and establish a diagnostic of Environmental Education’s (EE) realities and “sustainability norms legislation” in the Lusophone nations. Three years later, the EE2CPLP survey, implemented in 2020, builds upon and streamlines the first edition, considering the current context marked by Agenda 2030 and the impacts and concerns regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the survey was divided into three main sections: (1) Contexts and EE approaches in the CPLP countries; (2) Place and role of children and youth in the field of EE and (3) Coronavirus pandemic environment, against the backdrop of Agenda 2030. In the following chapter, we will address EE’s cross-cutting nature, its selective traditions (i.e., positivist, normative, and pluralist) and its role for sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda. Looking for the perspective of stakeholders and experts in Environmental Education (EE) and sustainability, we will assess the perceived impact of the current health crisis, which compounds the climate crisis, exacerbating the socio-economic issues within Portuguese-speaking countries.

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