Repositório RCAAP

This review study aimed to analyse the national production on schooling of athletes. From the search for only papers in Portuguese in the Portal Capes Periódicos followed by phases of refinement, seven papers were selected. The results point to the predominance of descriptive studies on the profile of young soccer players and two review studies on the football labor market and legal milestones for student athletes. The main barriers are the time administration between the two careers and the absence of specific regulation in the sports legislation, which are mitigated mainly by the presence of the familiar support in the flexibility of the school formation to the detriment of the dream of the soccer professionalization.

This article intends to observe, through the Brazilian written press, in articles between 1946 and 1955, some interlocutors, especially the feminism, that turned the debate about the sexual boundaires more intensive during the fifties.

The objective of this study was to isolate and select autochthonous rice rhizobacteria with the potential for the in vitro control of Pyricularia grisea, the control of fungi propagated by seeds, and the growth promotion of rice seedlings. Accordingly, 18 isolates of autochthonous rice rhizobacteria were obtained and submitted to an in vitro antibiosis test, in which mycelial growth rate and percent inhibition of mycelial growth were evaluated. In seed treatment with rhizobacteria, seeds were exposed to the bacteria, and health quality (fungi incidence), physiological quality (vigor, germination and rate of seed germination) and growth promotion of the seedlings were then evaluated. In the antibiosis test, all the isolates displayed potential for antagonism against P. grisea. There were improvements in the health quality of rice seeds. However, the isolates had no positive effect on the physiological quality of the seeds. Three isolates induced the greatest increases in shoots and roots of rice seedlings in growth promotion. Thus, we conclude that the rhizobacteria tested have the potential to control fungi in vitro, especially P. grisea, and to promote the growth of rice seedlings as well.

Botanical extracts from Brazilian caatinga plants have a potential insecticidal effect and it was thought that extracts of Ziziphus joazeiro, Caesalpinia ferrea and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia would exhibit insecticidal activity against Aphis craccivora (cowpea black aphid). This work aimed to evaluate different botanical extracts of these plants at controlling A. craccivora on cowpea plants. The study was conducted at the Plant Science Department of the Federal University of Ceara, Pici campus, in Fortaleza, Ceará. The treatments where made of the following: distilled water; a botanical insecticide of proven efficiency, from Annona squamosa, at a concentration of 0.5%; and hydroalcoholic extracts, for two storage times and concentrations of 5 and 2.5%, of different parts of the plant species. The design of each experiment was in randomized blocks with twenty-six treatments and five repetitions. For both concentrations (5% and 2.5%), the treatment that showed the highest efficiency was the Annona squamosa extract. Under the conditions of the experiment, the botanical extracts have an active substance that controls the aphid.

The history of the Roman Republic is often divided between internal events such as social struggles and institutional transformations and external events such as wars and conquests. The critique of methodical internalism developed by Global History has sparked an important discussion on the definitions of internality and externality and on the historical connections between processes that were formerly taken as internal or external.  Throughout the fourth century BCE, important changes took place both in what is traditionally taken as Roman "internal history" (the emancipation of the plebs) and in what is taken as “external history” (the reorganization and consolidation of Roman domination over central Italy). The objective of this article, whose starting point is the political action of the Plautii family, is to argue that we can understand the transformations of that time as pieces of the same historical process: the rearticulation of social groups in central Italy. Therefore, the emancipation of the plebs and the Roman expansion are not mere contemporaneous and parallel historical processes, but facets of the same historical process, which is larger and has an ampler geographical scope. 

This paper is a first, partial, and short exposition of a larger research project on the phenomenon of the social flow of historical narratives, which is named for the first time here. It presents a preliminary analysis of four different Western scholar traditions that arose at the end of the twentieth century to understand this phenomenon, although the representatives of these traditions were not completely aware of it: the West German tradition called it Geschichtsdidaktik (History Didactics), the British/Californian/American tradition called it Public History, the Parisian/French tradition called it Lieu de Mémoire (Places of Memory) and the Soviet/Russian tradition called it Социальная Память (Social Memory). This analysis is based on Data Science/Digital Humanities methods related to semantic networks and used Linux and Python scripts to compare these four corpora. The main goal of this project is to present the differences between the official definitions and the semantic-based definitions to help scholars from these fields to think over their tradition on further research. The main conclusion of this study is that, although these four traditions are designed to deal with the same problem (the social flow of historical narratives), the analysis of the semantic networks of their corpora indicates that they have followed completely different paths. We have also noted some inconsistencies between the official discourse of these traditions and their semantic networks, which were described throughout the text.

The production of β-lactamases by Gram-negative bacteria is the main form of antimicrobial resistance, especially broad-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases (KPC). To control multiresistant microorganisms, secondary plant metabolites are being studied to develop new drugs. The essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (OTT) has antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, of which the latter is attributed mainly to terpenes present in its composition. This work aimed to determine the antimicrobial potential of OTT emulsions against ESBL- and KPC- producing, multiresistant isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates responsible for nosocomial infections. The antibacterial activity of the essential oil emulsions was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the following methods: tube macrodilution, spot-on-the-lawn, agar diffusion and disk diffusion. Concentrations that inhibited bacterial growth ranged from 0.25% to 1.5% for the different methodologies applied. The essential oil emulsions of Melaleuca alternifolia inhibited the growth of multiresistant bacteria, as observed for the tube macrodilution and spot-on-the-lawn methods. The ESBL-producing Escherichia coli proved to be the most sensitive strain to describe the antibacterial potential of the oil, which should be evaluated in future studies as a control agent.

Taking historical approaches as one of the ways to foster the production of meanings about the Nature of Science and based on the notion of virtual reader from Discourse Analysis, we analyze how aspects on the construction of Physics appear in excerpts from a work by Niels Bohr. In them, the author signaled, among other things: the complex relationship between theory and experiment, the limitations of Science and its collective character. Due to inscribe their peers as virtual readers of the text, it has high conceptual density and assumes that the reader has knowledge about certain subjects. Nevertheless, we consider the possibility of its reading in High School and in undergraduate courses, especially if it is based on the teacher's mediation and adaptations that aim to change the virtual reader inscribed in the text.

In order to contribute to the discussions related to constructivism in Science Teaching, we present and discuss the results of a research that aimed to analyze possible relationships between the ways in which physics teachers use the students' previous conceptions during the introduction of themes, and the learning objectives proposed by these teachers, focusing on the models of conceptual change and conceptual profile. Through an interview, we evaluated the responses of four teachers, where we raised their perceptions regarding the conceptual objectives of teaching Physics, concluding that these teachers have an affinity as the conceptual profile concept.

Brazilian legal reserves (LRs) are preservation areas located on private land and contribute to the maintenance of mammal species diversity and their movement patterns between vegetation fragments. This study sought to quantify the richness and analyze the occurrence frequency of the medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals of a 76.5 ha LR in the municipality of Pedra do Indaiá in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Data collection lasted for 28 months and was based on the following sampling methods: direct and indirect observation and camera trapping. We registered 25 species from seven orders and 14 families. The most represented orders were Carnivora, Cingulata and Rodentia, while Lagomorpha and Didelphimorphia were the least recorded orders. Of the 25 recorded species, six are cited as threatened with extinction on the Minas Gerais Red List and four are cited in the Brazil Red Book of Threatened Fauna. The occurrence of threatened animal species suggests the need to maintain the LR and the native vegetation remnants in order to keep the habitat quality necessary for the persistence of populations and their ecosystem services.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a forma pela qual a questão social era abordada pelo Partido Republicano Rio-Grandense – PRR – destacando o tratamento dispensado ao movimento operário e o discurso que permeava o partido no que concerne à questão social nos governos de Júlio de Castilhos e Borges de Medeiros. Para tanto, analisa elementos tanto de sua composição social quanto de sua relação com as oposições no estado, destacando uma série de características que conferem certa peculiaridade ao estado do Rio Grande do Sul durante a Primeira República. O foco principal do trabalho é, no entanto, a postura do governo do estado do Rio Grande do Sul diante da eclosão dos diferentes movimentos grevistas ocorridos entre os anos de 1895 e 1919.

Editorial do Volume 21, Número 39, janeiro a Junho de 2019

The present article analyzes the overt translation strategies in Robert Lowell’s Imitations and Ezra Pound’s The Cantos, indicating the conscious use of error as a compositional principle for the construction of knowledge through the distance of foreign documents.

Researchers have debated the need to consider the effects of interaction between pedagogical conditions and individual differences (IDs) on the process of second language acquisition (SLA) (AUTHOR; SANZ, 2016; SANZ; SERAFINI, 2018). Therefore, this study was developed to analyze the interaction between pedagogical conditions and IDs in the acquisition of declarative and interrogative utterances in Spanish / L2. For data analysis, three instruments were used: i) a questionnaire of historical and linguistic proficiency; ii) an attention control test; iii) sentence production and perception/comprehension tests of comprehension and production of sentences. In total, the study had 10 participants. The results showed that age and skills domain are variables that seem to have influenced the performance of participants.

We are interested in investigating the main Latin American contributions to decolonial studies about the concept of gender, as we understand that it can operate as a type of coloniality as it makes invisible many worldviews and socio-cultural practices that produce different social relations. For this end, we made an integrative view of scientific production on gender alongside decolonial thought on the Portal de Periódicos CAPES and on Redalyc. After applying the inclusion-exclusion criteria, 35 articles were analyzed. The results pointed to (a) denial of the feminist universal subject; (b) the understanding of gender, race and class as co-constitutive variables; and (c) questioning the applicability of the concept in different cultural logics. The discussion on gender on the decolonial perspective has been strengthened, especially in Brazil, but it still demands efforts on reflections on colonial inheritances in current times.

The study refers to an investigation about the images that are presented inside the Physics’ didact books of High School approved by the National Program of Didact Book (Programa Nacional do Livro Didático) 2018. The main goal was to measure how these images are being used by the authors to illustrate the topics of Modern Physics regarding the black body radiation, the photoelectric effect, the atomic models and the spectroscopy. As theoretical support, it was adopted the taxonomy proposed by Perales e Jiménez (2002) to analyse the relation and the function of the images attached to the text. The results of this research indicate that the books present a big variety in the way how the images are presented and that being careful with the relation established between the image and the text in this didact resource is necessary, once they perform an important paper in the process of teaching and learning.

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Recent findings show that children from low-socioeconomic status (SES) tend to have reduced performance on several tasks involving working memory, attention and executive control.  In addition, researchers argue for the effectiveness of training of these same cognitive skills as a way to ameliorate children’s EF skills as well as scholastic outcomes. To investigate possible training effects and to study the impact of SES on scholastic achievement in Brazilian children, we trained 61 children for 5-7 weeks and compared their performance with that of 60 age-matched peers on measures of executive functions and reading. Our results demonstrate a general effect of SES for the dependent variables. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate a positive near transfer effect on a working memory and a selective attention test and a far transfer effect on the words and pseudowords reading measure.

Language attrition has become a vibrant theme as it has implications for theoretical linguistics, including, for example, the organization of linguistic information in the brain and language processing. Insights from this area also have impact on the study of second language (L2) development and can feed the area of language teaching. Once language attrition may be of value for the study of language retention and maintenance, it can contribute to language teaching with long lasting results, more effective planning and syllabus design. In this perspective, as studies exploring L2 attrition are still limited, this article provides a synthesis of research on the area. By drawing from the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism and from the Threshold Hypothesis, it also explores the implications L2 attrition research has for language teaching with a view to establishing more informed language practices and policies.

Based on psycholinguistic studies, this article deals with reading comprehension skills focusing prediction and the textual consciousness level imbricated in this strategy. To demonstrate this theory, a research has been carried on with 55 sixth grade-students whose ages ranged from 11 to 13, all attending the elementary educational level of a public school in the city of Porto Alegre. In order to examine the effective use of predictions, a reading task with parts of a fable was presented in paper cards, as well as questions about the story to stimulate the use of those strategies. The verbal protocol of self-revelation was adopted to verify the participants´ textual level of consciousness. The results showed that most of the students managed to deal with reading prediction, making pertinent anticipations, although 27% of them were unsuccessful. In relation to the textual consciousness in the use of this strategy, just over half of the students showed metalinguistic behavior, being capable to explain the generative bases of their predictions efficiently using both intratextual and extratextual information. Nevertheless, 47% of the pupils were not able to achieve the goal, since they responded the questions in a confusing and mistaken manner or used vague and imprecise information while showing evidences of how they had processed the question. Considering the educational context, the research results suggested that both the use of the reading prediction and its conscious awareness are relevant topics to be applied in Portuguese language classes, for they provide the teacher with information concerning the possibilities and difficulties on students´ reading process.