Repositório RCAAP

Editorial da revista Texto Digital, v. 15, n. 1, de 2019.

Expediente da revista Texto Digital, v. 15, n. 1, de 2019.

In this article, I analyze the values attributed to affective-sexual relationships in South Africa,known as sugar relationships, which are established through the mediation of websites and applications. It is an intergenerational arrangement, in which men of more resources, known as sugar daddies or blessers, engage in affective-sexual-material exchanges with younger women. I present an overview of how sugar relationships have been depicted in mainstream media alongside with efforts by the local academic production to challenge the morality regimes that inform the public’s dispositions concerning these arrangements. In searching for the interconnections between Brazil and South Africa, I point to the ways according to which Brazilian academic production has been dealing with similar debates and contexts.

This article analyzes the repressive action of the colonial and provincial authorities on the slaves and freedmen of Bahia who lived on the fringes of Nazaré das Farinhas county in the first half of the 19th century. It also analyzes the different strategies undertaken by free men to circumvent military recruitment, especially the formation of quilombos and the construction of black territories. The study emphasizes the movement of fugitive slaves who were trying to survive in the cities and districts of the region, the slave revolts and their relationship with the community of suspicious free men. We cling to a relevant bibliography and explore the following documents: county correspondence, Judges of Peace correspondence, captaincy government censuses, traveler reports, provincial presidency correspondence, ordinances, agreements and regulations of the colonial period, criminal cases, baptismal book accents and documents issued by police at the time.

This article offers initial approximations to the issue of disability in South Africa, based onreflections about the disability grant – a benefit for people with disabilities who cannot work. The text is a result of interactions with university researchers in Cape Town and surroundings in 2018. South African production about disability stands out on the international scene because of the significant history of activism and of research and policy elaboration. Our access to this tradition in Brazil is still limited, but it offers theoretical references and points of ethnographic comparison that help us to think about disability from the Global South through axes that may be more dense than the affirmation of a cycle of coproduction between disability and poverty, noting its constitutive articulations with racial, spatial and political dynamics.

Taking the notion of racialization as the daily political and identity management of ethnic-racial belongings, we intend to analyze black associativism, even in the slave period, through the Sociedade Beneficente Cultural Floresta Aurora. This entity was created in the city of Porto Alegre, capital of the province of São Pedro do Rio Grande do Sul, in 1872, and we do not know its members in detail yet. Therefore, the article aims to verticalize the study of this association by setting short trajectories of some of its promoters and, through a judicial document, speculate on the motivations of these young blacks to invest in this form of collective representation. By accessing justice asking for reparation for the offenses received, the Aurora Forest black musicians help us think through the agenda of their political and moral claims.

This paper aims to reflect on the complex phenomenon of politicization of the Supreme Court. In the paths that range from judicial activism to judicial populism, we seek to work each conception in the light of the theory of judicial reputation. At the beginning of the 21st century, the Federal Supreme Court showed an alignment with the academic audience. In this second decade of the same century, from the June 2013 demonstrations, the Supreme Court begins to practice judicial populism. Thus, the behavioral parameters are changed directly impacting the decision content.

The period between the last decades of 19th century and first years of the 20th century onBrasil ́s principal cities – including Rio de Janeiro – is characterized by a political boiling andan intense consciousness process of these workers about their life and work conditions. In thiscontext, the city ́s port area consisted in one of the principal spaces of the workers articulationand had the Sociedade Resistência dos Trabalhadores em Trapiche e Café like a big exampleof instrument for their organization, beyond it possess a number of traits originated in slaveperiod, according to ethnic and racial composition of its members, or in determined elementsrelated on these subjects organization. This article propose however, a new approach in thissubject using new sources in a intent of searching new interrogations and raise new reflections,in a way to capture possible combinations between the slaved workers legacy and their organization ways on one hand, and new ideological perspectives originated by the Europeans workers struggles that was being shaped, on the other. In these terms, we can identify on that heterogeneous scenario, some conflict elements between the workers, but also, different class solidarity aspects among them.

In our society, because of fast technological changes, more and more manual occupations are becoming obsolete, changing or about to disappear. This article intends to discuss these labor transformations, based on the narratives of the professional artisan fishermen and fisherwoman working around the Laguna dos Patos, in Pelotas, RS, Brazil’s southernmost region. Their practices have suffered significant changes be it due to the scarcity of fish related to, among other factors, climate change and the environmental pollution, or due to the new techniques for fishery in the Lagoon, mainly by the huge fish industry ships that count with sophisticated exploratory technology. Regarding the women, the debate will mostly focus on their long struggle to be recognized as fisherwomen.

This article aims to deny the theoretical validity of the concept of neopatrimonialism, formulated bySimon Schwartzman, in order to understand the dilemmas of political exclusion in contemporary Brazil, since the concept is based on an apologetic reading of Max Weber’s diagnosis about the West. From the bibliographical analysis, we argue that the concept of neopatrimonialism is stuck to an empirical and theoretically unsustainable vision of political modernity, which idealizes the democratic and constitutional basis of modern political power and ignores its autocratic dimension and non-constitutional. Next, we present as a theoretical alternative the political sociology of Niklas Luhmann, for it describes modern politics as divided in the circuits of formal and constitutional power, and informal and non-constitutional. In this way, we can analyze the processes of political exclusion in the center and in the periphery without the presence ofidealizations about the central countries.

On March 9, 2015 hundreds of students began a movement at the prestigious University of Cape Town (UCT) for the campus retreat of the statue of Cecil Rhodes, representative of English colonialism in the nineteenth century. That same year, in November, Princeton University students occupied the rectory demanding that the name of Woodrow Wilson, a defender of black segregation in the southern US, was removed from one of the campus buildings. In May of that year, the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) was the first university to implement vacancies reserved for indigenous, afro-descendants and disabled people in postgraduate courses. The objective of this article is to understand and analyze the strength of these phenomena, which are understood in this reflection as decolonial demands with global and local dimensions.

In this article, we look at the South-South axis women, their approaches and distances, basedon categories of analysis that have as a sovereignty and food and nutritional security. We defend the importance of an intersectional analysis both from the point of view of the Mukheristas, the way women who trade between Maputo, (Mozambique) and Johannesburg (South Africa) are called and from the perspective of women from the Cinta Vermelha-Jundiba village, living in the semiarid region of the Jequitinhonha Valley in Brazil. It will be observed how by trading clothesin the case of the Mozambican women andseeds for the Brazilians, these women braid their survival.

This article analyzes parliamentary discourses on the Brazilian Amazon (2000-2017). The purpose is to examine how the topic was dealt with in the legislative arena, under which perspectives and what arguments are put forward by the deputies. The corpus comprises 2,778 statements,which were categorized into 25 themes, with the aid of NVivo software. The main conclusions show that the value of land as an input for agricultural and livestock production is the predominant argument in the debates, disregarding the international discourse on forestry. The debate isdriven by the agenda of the Executive Branch, especially on the following issues: deforestation, climate, land regularization, preservation areas and indigenous lands. The dominant parliamentary discourse reinforces the anti-ecology thesis of the National Congress, with a clear alignment with the liberal environmental perspective focused on the defense of agribusiness.

The aim of this study was to show, through the social interaction platform Twitter, what were the opinions regarding the "end" of the Ministry of Sport. This research is justified because it aims to contribute to discussions related to the new national sports context and to understand that social networks establish different logics for discussions and configurations in the world. Data were obtained by surveying the tweets published on the platform and systematizing them into categories of analysis. It can be evidenced that the opinions regarding the “end” of the Ministry of Sports were mostly concentrated on negative comments (f=41,5%, n=44), which were observed through popular manifestations (f=2, 83%, n=3) and official manifestations (f=3,77%, n=4). From the observed data, it can be identified that the “end” of the Ministry of Sport and the insertion of sport in the Ministry of Citizenship is in disagreement with the opinion of the observed sample.

The process of cross-referencing perspectives and analyzes of two researchers is the focusof the discussion of this text. It discusses the requests issues during the ethnographic work, characterized by the long duration, both between the Dogon (in Mali) and between the Tsonga (in the south of Mozambique). New understandings emerge from experiences linked to madness, reproductive incapacity, migration and a set of endogenous knowledge dynamics in situations of crisis and individual and social suffering. In the analysis, the authors look for the movement of the imaginary and the creativity, assuming, in a complementary way, a reflexive re-reading as a way to fulfill epistemological crossings to the understanding of dense questions of sense and ambiguities that emerged in field studies. It became relevant for both researchers to use sensitive strategies for access to the imaginal world – drawing, photography and film construction –, inscribing expressive productions in anthropological interpretation as intercultural possibilities in the context of ethnographic work. Cultural and epistemic references generate contrasting perceptions, sometimes unintelligible, requiring the use of non-linear languages in terms of the notions related to the domains of non-visible and forms of elaboration of mobility in the midst of the shadows cast in intersubjective constructions.

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Social Conflicts, Ideology, Culture, and Social Work

The retromolar foramen and retromolar canal as well are anatomical variations of the mandible that occur in the region of the retromolar trigone. This foramen and canal contain neurovascular structures that provide additional innervation to the lower molars and buccal area. This study aimed to determine the incidence and occurrence between the sexes of the retromolar foramen in mandibles of the Contemporary Bone Collection of the Federal University of Pernambuco. Sixty-one dry mandibles were analyzed, 37 from males and 24 from females. Of the 61 mandibles, 18 had retromolar foramina (29.5%), and 12 had a unilateral foramen (19.67%). Male mandibles had a higher incidence compared to female bones, with 12 (32.43%) mandibles with retromandibular foramina. The population analyzed showed a high incidence of the retromolar foramen, especially on the right side. The identification of this anatomical variation helps in the planning of oral surgeries and during anesthetic procedures.

The research has as its themes control and biopolitics, having its delimitation in technological questions as part of the relations of biopolitical control, and in the local affectation. The research problem is: how does the current biopolitical project of neoliberal control affect Brazilian society as a recent democracy and what peculiarities can be perceived? That said, the phenomenological-hermeneutic approach is used as a methodology, together with the monographic procedure methods and the indirect documentation search technique. It is concluded that the national biopolitical project is based on neoliberal logic, and therefore imposes itself in such a way as to demand the maximum of human life for profitability, while increasing the breadth of control devices (and discipline, reserved), at the same time that in the country there is a certain radicality of authoritarian and conflicting characteristics in the adoption of the contemporary control model in national democracy.

This article presents the basics for converting a smartphone as a home spectrometer. Using a Compact Disc Digital Audio and a properly located slot, the emission spectrum of a compact fluorescent lamp and other sources can be observed. This work includes the methodological steps to measure the Fraunhofer's lines of the sun with the greatest spectral width. The proposal is designed to carry out a practical class of light spectra both from institutions of secondary education as well as in introductory courses in university physics.