Repositório RCAAP

The Military School of Porto Alegre allows students to choose the sport they would like to practice during regular Physical Education classes. Female students tend to choose one type of activity while male tend to choose other. This article aims to debate the reasons why second year of High School students’ do their choices in sports as well as their perceptions about gender issues that may emerge from the classes. The methodology was composed by observation and focus groups in the soccer (32 male and one female), the physical activities (32 female and one male) and the basketball (nine female and ten male) classes. We concluded that the students’ choices are mainly determined by the previous experiences related to physical activities and are significantly related to gender issues.

The aim of this study was to investigate the volume and characteristics of the amendments approved in the budget of the Ministry of Sports (ME) from 2004 to 2015. This research, documentary and exploratory nature, collected data from SIGA Brazil Portal. We verified that allocation of parliamentary amendments was primarily from individual amendments (R$ 8.2 billion) and, except for the amendments of the rapporteur, the proposals favored the implementation of sports infrastructure (R$ 12.9 billion). States and municipalities were the largest beneficiaries (R$ 12.5 billion). Except for Espírito Santo, the states of the southeast region totaled the largest volume of budgetary resources. We concluded that the allocation of amendments in the budget of the ME privileged the attendance of individual demands of the parliamentarians by directing resources to small works, especially from "Esporte e Lazer da Cidade" and "Segundo Tempo" programs, in locations where they were bound.

The purpose of this paper is to explore how HIV / AIDS care and treatment policies and theattitudes of some health professionals affect the ability of patients, particularly women, to comply with antiretroviral therapy requirements and pursue treatment in Mozambique (Manica and Maputo). I focus on inequality in terms of the invisibility of family farming and the diversification of livelihoods by suggesting that: a) HIV / AIDS policies and treatment do not take into account the living conditions of the patients they intend to serve. Health services do not consider the flexibility required by patients’ combination of different livelihoods; (b) the invisibility and devaluation of small-scale agriculture reduces women’s chances of complying with treatment requirements, with consequences for adherence to treatment and therefore with serious consequences for their health and prolonging their lives.

The article analyzes the main characteristics of the abortion services performed by feminist organizations in cities of the United States, Italy, and France between 1989 and 1978. These organizations practiced underground abortions, without medical attention. We carried out a historical reconstruction and a comparative analysis of the main aspects of the organizations, based on scientific research, information found on popular science articles (radio, newspaper, and movies), activists' testimonies and documents of that time now available to be consulted. Among the main conclusions, we highlight the importance given to the political objective pursued by opening abortion centers, the slow evolution of the responsibilities taken by their members and the attention to women based on a feminist praxis.

In this article I have the goal to consider the black women’s experiences, in the black coast of Rio Grande do Sul, to highlight the family structure marked by the motherly heritage, slavery memories and experiences after abolition. I go back to memories and stories of the renowned Chica Brincuda in the Limoeiro Quilombola remnant community, as “the last to stay in this slavery land”. For this I go back to the memories of Quilombolas and other documents, writings as testaments, emancipations and baptism certificates.

The aim of the article is to talk about the black men who were chosen by the writer Rodolfo Xavier (1876-1964), in his writings for the black racial press “A Alvorada”, by Pelotas. Attentive also to the choices, intentions and senses of Rodolfo Xavier's preference for specific subjects in his textual productions. Thus I seek to contribute to the appreciation of the ideas and thinking of black men generated from alternative spaces, such as the black press. For the realization of this research, the studies developed by Beatriz Loner about the working class of Pelotas and the post-abolition studies are fundamental references.

The article discusses some aesthetical and political aspects of the translation the Spanish poet Rafael Alberti (1902-1999) presents in 1943 for Charles Baudelaire’s Journaux intimes. In order to do so, we consider the prologue and the relation between the poets and their poetics suggested by this translation, besides the moment the text was translated, during Alberti’s exile in Argentina after the Spanish Civil War.

The analyzed work brings contributions about the educational matters of Scholarship Institutional Program for Teaching Initiation in Physical Education (PIBID). In terms of content, we emphasize experiences in wich the student has an active role in classes using childhood sociology at school. In consistency, a highlighted aspect in the book written process was the students participation in each chapter. They were able to reflect about their own experiences lived through the program. Therefore, we advice the volume reading for an in-depth understanding about the PIBID program role. Notably, the PIBID review will show the unusual and successful contents implementation and the redefinition of methods presents in the school context.

This article seeks to examine some practices that can be incorporated by historians considering the possibilities of the digital age. We analyze, on the one hand, the linkage between humanities and computers, understanding it as an exercise of enthusiasm and conservation, as far as technologies are either approached as future possibilities or held responsible for the dissolution of our professional field. We also address, on the other hand, certain pressures suffered by history as a discipline and the consequent desire for being updated, in view of a recent study by Valdei Araujo and Mateus Pereira regarding “updatism”. Technological disruption seems to be shaping new identities for history and historians, while enlarging the frontiers of the history and reinventing its traditions. Internet projects, for example, from YouTube channels to podcasts, are emerging as new outlets for professional action and represent the (con)figurations of historians in times marked by innovation. Lastly, we briefly discuss the discipline of emerging theoretical fields or movements such as digital humanities and digital history. Is there any reason to restrict the digital sphere to disciplinary boundaries? We argue that digital recreations of the past, stimulated by highly sophisticated technologies, must inspire historical imagination, while remaining always untied to disciplinary imperatives.

Between the lines of the Mario de Sá-Carneiro, James Clerk Maxwell, Manuel Bandeira, Vinicius de Moraes, Antonio Gedeão, Cecilia Meireles, among others,  there can be themes of Physics and hence the possibilities to explore some of these scientific contents.  From the dialogue on physics and poetry, we aim to present the analysis of some poems and the didactic and formative potential that they reveal for the teaching of physics. The dialogue with poetry allows the teaching of physics to take into account the historical, cultural, social, scientific, and artistic contexts, aiming at a broader understanding of scientific knowledge and reality.

In this article, we analyze the trajectories of women farmers in the Southwest of Paraná based on gender issues, religious formation and political action that directly implied the exercise of their leadership in the church, the union, associations, political parties and social movements. In their narratives, we find that their experiences intersect with the collective experiences of rural women and political struggles at regional and national levels. We also observe how these leaders were formed and how they reconfigure naturalized social roles as farmers. Understanding the trajectory experienced by these women brings us to the question of intersectionality, in which gender has no fixed referents, but is marked by differences in class, ethnic and racial origin, way of life, rural situation and historical experience.

Evasion and retention are problems surrounding physics courses throughout Brazil. In this article, we present the results of an investigation that proposed to raise some of the reasons related to these phenomena. For this, interviews were made with students and teachers of the Licentiateship and Bachelor of Physics courses of Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. For the study of this problem we assume Bourdieu’s Theory of the Education System, highlighting the various relationships of dominance that exist in the courses, which contributes to the high evasion and retention in this analysed University. Among the conclusions reached, after the analytical procedures of the investigative corpus, that is, the collected reports, we highlight: for the students these motives focus on the “complicated” personal relations with the teachers and the “accelerated” routine in the republics where they reside; For teachers, the main factor is related to the use of the Physics course as a “trampoline” for other courses, mainly Engineering.

This article analyses interactions and transfers between Brazilian and French confessional labour corporations and catholic laymen, mainly entrepreneurs. It is of particular interest to understand the connections of the militant and entrepreneur Carlos Alberto de Menezes, from Camaragibe, Brazil, and Léon Harmel, from Val-des-Bois, France, in the last decade of the nineteenth century and the first of the twentieth century. Attention is given to the Christian corporation model and the bon patron culture that Menezes learned from Harmel. Menenez brought the model to Brazil, adapted it and recreated it in Camaragibe.

We describe here partial outcomes of a study in which we seek to unveil the historical-sociocultural influences that permeated the technical-scientific work of James Prescott Joule and show his contributions to the physics teachers training. We tried to answer the following question: What were the theoretical, social and cultural elements that influenced Joule's work? In this sense, we present a brief history of the development of science in the period of the Industrial Revolution, as well as the industrial development of Greater Manchester, in which Salford is part of its metropolitan region, city where Joule was born and grew up. Next we show the importance and the cultural influence of the social and academic environment of Joule and of theoretical elements that influenced, mainly, the works on Joule effect and the mechanical equivalent of the heat. From the study carried out, we organized some notes aimed at contributing to the teachers’ training.

This paper is the result of a master's degree research whose objective was to analyze the approximations between Vygotsky's social interactionist theory and the active methodology Peer Instruction. In this sense the study was conducted by applying the methodology in an astronomy course in higher education. Due to its extension and complexity, we present a subset of the results relating to the approximation between practice and theory, focusing on the converging points found in the application of the proposal. We also present an analysis of the assessment made by the students about the use of the methodology in the discipline, in which the approximations between the methodological assumptions and the main concepts of Vygotsky’s theory were made. It is noted that, although in the genesis of Peer Instruction such theoretical foundations have not been found, the effectiveness of the methodology can be supported by the learning theory developed by Vygotsky.

This essay examines the relationship between race and suicide in the Americas. I show how ideas about suicide helped generate and reinforce multiple forms of racial difference and demonstrate how colonial ideas survived long after independence and the abolition of slavery, often in new forms. The extant historiography on suicide emphasizes moral, religious, and medico-legal responses to self-destruction. Less attention has been paid to race or to the brutal fact, widely acknowledged (though rarely discussed in depth) by scholars of slavery, that forced servitude also made suicide a quintessentially economic issue – a threat to planters’ and traders’ bottom line and a threat to production. As slavery and forced labor became dominant global value systems that determined who counted as human, the ability to perish by one’s own hand became a means for making that determination. Eventually, exceptional stories of heroic suicide by native or black martyrs became part of national narratives, but that process depended on the decoupling of selfdestruction and economic production, which helped turn acts once seen as threats to colonial foundations into stories of sacrifice and national birth. Over time, and despite significant changes, self-destruction consistently functioned as a durable marker of racial differentiation.

Editorial

Given the complexity and multiple meanings that can be attributed to the word assessment, thought, among other possibilities, as verification of knowledge, discipline, control of values and attitudes, in this study, we seek to understand it from studies aimed at for this activity and notions of Pechetian discourse analysis. In the empirical part, we analyze answers from three licensure students in four consecutive years to the question: What is the meaning of the "test" (assessment) for you? In this analysis, we seek to answer the following question: How has the imaginary about the function and functioning of the test / assessment of students in an initial physics teacher-training program (licensure) changed over the course of the program? The results point to the role of students' discursive memory in their imaginary. 

The debate about violence against women in politics has gain strength at the international level, in Brazil, however, it remains invisible, even in the face of emblematic cases that have been multiplying. Considering the almost absence of this theme in the academics and social debate, the cases dispensed by parliamentarians women in relation to abuses suffered, this article objective was to investigate the role of the Council of Ethics of the Chamber of Deputies in Brazil. The analysis was based in representations open according to the denunciations of political violence of gender, and the research was carried out by surveying the participation of women in that Council and the results for the aforementioned denunciations.

A ideia de Contrato Didático, proposta por Brousseau (1986), estabelece que a relação entre professor e aluno seja mediada por um saber. Sendo assim, a partir de um estudo de caso, buscamos analisar as diferentes regras que estruturam um Contrato Didático a respeito de saberes pertencentes à Física. Por meio de observações em sala de aula e de entrevistas semiestruturadas, analisamos os comportamentos de dois alunos diante do Contrato Didático instituído em classe. O estudo revelou algumas das regras estabelecidas pelos sujeitos da relação didática, além de evidenciar momentos em que as regras implícitas ao Contrato Didático tornavam-se explícitas ou, ainda, momentos de ruptura do contrato. A pesquisa demonstrou ainda que o Contrato Didático deva estar em constante mudança para que as estratégias de aprendizagem dos alunos estejam de acordo com a perspectiva de aproximação com o saber e não somente de manutenção do Contrato Didático.