Repositório RCAAP

The history of oil in Brazil originated with the discovery of the potential of Brazilian oil and the enactment of Law n. 2.004/53 by Getúlio Vargas, establishing the State’s monopoly over Brazilian petroleum and creating Petrobras as the exclusive company responsible for the economic activities of this sector. Although the Federal Constitution of 1988 reaffirmed the state oil monopoly through its article 177, Constitutional Amendment n. 9/95 made it more flexible by determining that the activities of the sector could be granted by the State to governmental companies or private companies with the possibility of foreign capital. The oil industry flexibilization scenario was regulated in 1997 by the Petroleum Law, Law no. 9,478. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how this flexibilization of the petroleum monopoly between 1995 and 1997 (years of promulgation of Constitutional Amendment 9/95 and Law 9.478/97), considering the strategic nature of the sector, relates with the precepts of the Brazilian Economic Order, especially in relation to national sovereignty and the search for overcoming underdevelopment, founding principles of the Brazilian Constitutional Order.

Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo mostrar a importância de Frida Kahlo nos dias atuais. A famosa pintora mexicana, além de deixar grande legado para a arte e cultura mexicana com seus quadros únicos e exuberantes, trouxe com sua personalidade um estilo de vida que é seguido por muitas mulheres nos dias atuais. Sua forma de encarar sua complicada vida e também de enfrentar os pesados preconceitos da época em que viveu, viraram referência e até hoje são elogiados. Contrariou os costumes de sua época a partir de suas vestimentas, acessórios, sexualidade e principalmente pela forma de lidava com os seus significativos problemas pessoais. Kahlo, além de ser diferenciada, sofreu muito em sua vida com doenças e também com um acidente que quase a matou quando era jovem. Devido à essas circunstâncias, ela foi submetida a diversos tratamentos pesados que dificultaram sua locomoção, assim deixando-a de cama por muito tempo. Por conta desses acidentes de sua vida, Frida incorporou em seu dia a dia uma forma de esconder suas imperfeições criando uma moda única e própria. Com uma mistura da cultura mexicana, européia e americana, ela adaptou seu estilo e se transformou em uma grande referência na moda atual. Os vestidos, saias e até mesmo ternos usados por ela, passaram a ser uma linguagem pessoal da artista. Atualmente, grandes marcas internacionais e nacionais, como Givenchy e Cavalera, realizam desfiles inspirados na artista.

The city of Sobral, in the northwest of Ceará was developed from farms breeding cattle and cotton, as well as the growing trade in regional basis, throughout the nineteenth and of the twentieth century. The industrialization that occurred from the beginning of this century, strengthened from the 1960s, will cause significant changes in its urban structure, a peripheral expansion and urban segregation process. Thus, the city is modernized, although it is marked by conservative modernization, the main characteristic of modernization of Brazilian capitalism. In forming its urban structures, from the second half of the twentieth century, the city will be drawn as a result of clashes between social forces. This dissertation aims to present the urban structuration of Sobral within the 2nd half of the 20th century, showing that the actor responsible for the urban space formation, the capitalist elites, the government and the working class has key roles in the qualification of these spaces. In the beginning, the public power in the service of elites will exclude from the modernization process the worker class, and for then it will be designated the worst places in the city, the slums, the areas of risk, the far reaches marked by the precariousness of urban facilities. Popular participation, as the basis of citizenship, will change the roles of those actors, and this new correlation of forces, will build a better city for all.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The target of this work is to reflect about the teacher s formation of religious education in Strict Sense, with sights in an including qualitative formation, capable to supply skillfully the sources of secular and confessional Religious Education, in aiming the occupation of both spaces. For that, we point out differentiated suggestions in epistemology, while Religion Science, in what refers the paper of Theology, focusing on the rupture of paradigms of the Sacred Bible use, as one of the didactic materials in the professor s practice. This new way is argued from professors personal experiences in this related area and from the perspective of multiple looks that are located against or in favor of Religious Education in the public education system. In this way, is developed a field research of exploratory character, based on questionnaires applied to 35 professors of Religious Education in the public education system in Uberlândia/MG and is aimed to know the practical pedagogical reality in its school environment. Aiming to know the multiplicity of opinions, in favor or against Religious Education in the public schools, a virtual research was made in the site: www.educacaopublica.ri.gov.br/discutindo/discutindo.asp?cod_per=25 whose samples are pertinent to this research objective. The structure of the work was thus systemized with the following axles: Introduction; uncovering the field of professor s performance of Religious Education: Research; The Religious Education in Public Schools a controversial question; Reflecting on the formation of professors for Basic Education. Through all the work is perceived the insistence of a qualified professional construction, well prepared, suitable to take care of real necessities of its action field, in the construction of a new man, molded by the noble values of the soul. The text concludes enunciating suggestions that could be used in a possible professor formation in the courses of Strict Sense of Religious Education. Religious education. Teaching formation, professor, public school, ethical and moral values, ability, quality, transcendence.

This work presents a study based on the numerical analysis of Erbium-doped fiber lasers using the technique of passive mode-locking for the laser working in pulsed regime. The equation describing the dynamics of a laser cavity is known as Ginzburg-Landau Equation, that in this work is solved numerically by the Split-Step Fourier Method. By this method, an algorithm was developed which was incorporated into the MATLAB environment so taht numerical calculations were made. The method was validated by comparing the results generated by the program (temporal pulse width due to the gain of the cavity with and without dispersion and nonlinearity) with the results published in literature. After validation of the method an experimental results were reproduced of an Erbium-doped fiber laser using thin films of carbon nanotubes as saturable absorbers. The laser generates a bandwidth of 5.7 nm for a cavity with a total length of 9 m. This experimental result was used as a calibration parameter in the initial simulations. Just by varying the length of the cavity in the simulation, results very close to the experiment were obtained. These results have helped in understanding some of the experimental variables.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The dissertation discusses the political, historical and legal engendered the new Federal Constitution (1988), from analysis of the political framework that marked the enactment of amendments to the study suffered by this Charter, due to the adoption of neoliberal policies. To meet this mister, we dealt with the theoretical assumptions of classical liberal economic thought, Keynesianism, neo-liberal thinking(Hayek, Friedman) and reflects the adoption of these theoretical frameworks in the social and economic policies of Latin American countries, especially in Brazil as part of the 'Washington Consensus', from the 80's. In this context, we analyzed the clash between the written Constitution and the Constitution Real, which resulted in several amendments, staining liberalizing the constitution, but not dismantled the progressive project.

Acesso online; https://youtu.be/fmoi1CXAq6g

This work is the analysis of sustainability certifications in Office buildings in São Paulo, taking into account developments in standardization processes , the emergence of sustainability seals, the development of sub business centers in São Paulo, where they are located much of the stock of Office buildings and the analysis of case studies. Initially, the work addresses the development of standardization processes , started from the industrial revolution. The evolution of these processes came to lead the sustainability seals, used to measure how sustainable is the product . These stamps were adapted architecture will , coming to give rise to a number of labels including the BREEAM , LEED , AQUA , the Blue Seal Box and Seal PROCEL . Then addresses the development of sub business centers and Sao Paulo, taking into account the evolution of architectural typologies and construction technologies used , it is also taking into account the stock of buildings and the potential of each sub center to hold buildings with green certifications. And to conclude , were chosen as case studies of four certified buildings ( Cidade Jardim Corporate Center , Rochaverá Corporate Towers , Eldorado Business Tower and ECO Berrini ) , which is made a brief history of the buildings , technologies and components used in the design and construction of buildings and the certification process.

Clustering is an important data mining task from the field of Knowledge Discovery in Databases. There are several algorithms capable of performing clustering tasks, and the most popular ones involve the calculation of a similarity or distance measure among objects from the database. Many algorithms can perform clustering in a simple and efficient manner, but have drawbacks as a way to get the optimal number of partitions and the possibility of getting stuck in local optima solutions. To try and reduce these drawbacks this dissertation proposes a new clustering algorithm based on Artificial Immune Systems. This algorithm is characterized by the generation of multiple simultaneous high quality solutions in terms of the number of partitions (clusters) for the database and the use of a cost function that explicitly evaluates the quality of partitions, minimizing the inconvenience of getting stuck in local optima. The algorithm was tested using four databases known in the literature and obtained satisfactory results in terms of the diversity of solutions, but has a high computational cost compared to other algorithms tested.

O ordenamento jurídico brasileiro na última década buscou trazer de forma incisiva as formas para coibir as práticas ilegais e os crimes de lavagem de dinheiro no interior das empresas, o que se verificou como instituição e perpetuação das práticas de compliance e o que se refere ao criminal compliance para melhoria das práticas e condições de verificação das formas de ocorrência nas empresas tanto públicas como privadas. Surge neste momento a figura do compliance officer, a pessoa responsável pela implementação, verificação e fiscalização dos programas de compliance no interior das organizações, ressaltando a necessidade de haver uma incisiva tratativa, de forma diária, em razão das boas práticas empresariais. Face essas considerações, o trabalho pautará, a partir de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica, a consideração pela doutrina e pelo julgado do Supremo Tribunal Federal se poderá haver a responsabilização do compliance officer em casos de omissão, ou seja, quando a implementação e fiscalização do programa de compliance for falho e verificar a lesão, o ilícito e até o crime cometido no interior da empresa. Essas considerações ressaltam a preocupação brasileira que vem sendo latente nos últimos anos

The present study aims to analyze if the prisão is the unique possibility for the foreigners that await the expulsion or if other measures could be adopted. The deprivation of liberty of the individual is extreme measure that is justified only as a last alternative. Thus, we will verify if the existing institutional actions are able to provide means for the foreigners to wait in liberty for the fulfillment of the expulsion and if the prolongation of the prison for expulsion may constitute undue aggravation of the criminal sanction. We will deal with the prison rights of foreigners in the process of expulsion at the international and constitutional level, as well as the relationship between prison for expulsion and the criminal procedure rules at the infraconstitutional level. Next, based on the concept of "delinquency" presented by Michel Foucault, we will examine the profile of the foreigners prisoners in Brazil, in order to prove possible interference of this quality in the decisions pronounced by the High Courts and in the actions of the Public Power. Finally, we will evaluate the expulsion procedure in Brazilian law, in relation to the problems presented and the context of “state of exception” (in the meaning used by Giorgio Agamben) in which it is inserted.

The purpose of this dissertation is to study international legal cooperation for the prevention and repression of money laundering, a crime that extends parallelally to the new economic, social and political relations of the world risk society. It begins by re-reading the classic dimension of state sovereignty and demonstrating the emergence of an International Cooperative Law and, in this context, of the evolution of the international criminal justice system, marked by the approximation of Common Law and Civil Law systems, as well as by maximizing mechanisms for legal cooperation in criminal matters through the use of traditional cooperative instruments and the most recent exchanges between Nations to contain the common problem of transnational crime. It proceeds with the presentation of the anti-money laundering system, international and national, with the assessment of the result of the last evaluation of Brazil by the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism – FATF, one of the most important intergovernmental organization in charge of establishing a world anti-money laundering network, responsible for the subsequent actions of the Estratégia Nacional de Combate à Corrupção e à Lavagem de Dinheiro – ENCCLA. It ends with the presentation of the legislation applied to the recovery of assets in the context of the money laundering offense, in particular the precautionary patrimonial proceedings, the repatriation of assets located abroad and the civil confiscation action, with the last illustration of statistical data provided by the Departamento de Recuperação de Ativos e Cooperação Jurídica Internacional – DRCI, measuring the effectiveness of mechanisms for international legal cooperation, in criminal matters, for the recovery of laundered assets, within the scope of the remarkable Operation Lava Jato of the Brazilian Federal Police.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Administrative Law and Labor Law are two autonomous branches of Law that are increasingly interconnected, given the interrelationships and approximations that the courts and the laws bring about in the two disciplines. The complexity and fluidity of contemporary legal and social relations, together with the need to adapt the law to the new forms of hiring jobs and servants, cause significant changes in the interpretation given to the legal system. The systematized and bureaucratic model is often seen as a constraint to efficiency, effectiveness and effectiveness in the new management models. This dissertation will seek to expose some of the timeframes that have promoted the changes in Brazilian Administrative Law in the management of the workforce in the entities that make up the Public Administration, in order to problematize the flexibilizing trends arising from the constant legislative and jurisprudential changes that have occurred in recent decades in the country. Migration and approximation with private law in administrative-labour relations will be analyzed, under the hypothetical-deductive aspect, in order to understand whether this migration, which seems to be a trend in reformist movements that aim to change the management of the administrative structure, with the aim of optimizing state provision and especially reducing operating costs, causes the announced impacts or whether the destructuring of institutions and segments that attribute solidity and continuity to state attributions represents a step towards the precariousness of the relations fought. The dissertation adheres to the research line of the Economic Power and its Legal Limits and intends to contribute to debate the conditions for the effective improvement of the new models of workforce management in the Public Administration.

The present study revolves around the production processes of the meanings of suffering and blackness in the works of Santa Catarina-born poet João da Cruz e Sousa and of São Paulobased rap group Racionais MC’s. With a corpus restricted to the 1898 book Evocações and the 2002 album Nada como um dia após outro dia, our aim has been to analyze the shifts and continuities in the aforementioned meanings within the selected works, far apart in space as well as in time, with the ultimate goal of identifying linguistic patterns which allowed us to outline, if only in a preliminary fashion, a poetics of blackness. In this interest, we turn to the theoretical and methodological framework of French-school discourse semiotics, on the grounds that this framework offers us the tools needed for the intended analysis. Thus, Sousa’s prose poems Triste, Dor Negra, Asco and Emparedado, as well as Racionais MC’s’ tracks Sou + Você, Negro Drama and Da Ponte pra Cá, were analyzed from the standpoint of the generative trajectory of meaning (percurso gerativo do sentido), which includes the fundamental, narrative and discourse levels, with an emphasis on the latter, where the thematic and figurative trajectories were analyzed. Similarly, we investigated aspects of the plane of expression which are responsible for the formation of semi-symbolisms within the texts of both the poet and the rap group. The in-depth analysis of the discourse level and of the plane of expression enabled what we here refer to as the aesthetics of resistance. Within the context of this research, this label points to the process of aestheticization of suffering through black voices, which may occur in two ways: 1) centripetally, when the subject of enunciation “draws” the addressee into his subjectivity and invites him to share in his suffering, thus carrying out, by means of a kind of “cognitive revenge”, a retribution for the hostility he must face from society as of consequence of his ethnic and social condition; 2) centrifugally, when the subject of enunciation also shares his suffering with the addressee, but does so in a more objective and practical manner, in order to socially mobilize the latter into adopting of posture of resistance himself.