Repositório RCAAP

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Observando os diversos terrenos e edifícios subutilizados na região central de São Paulo, podemos nos questionar como a perda de memória coletiva nos impede de avançar para um futuro promissor como sociedade, algo que fica mais crítico e evidente no nosso precário cenário político atual. O esquecimento foi experimentado pelo território antes conhecido como Cinelândia Paulista, área de grande importância afetiva para a população que teve o privilégio de vivenciar o glamour e o frenesi da vida noturna da região. O que outrora foi um cinema com grande capacidade de público, hoje foi transformado em igreja, estacionamento, ocupação de movimentos de luta por moradia ou apenas em vazio, sendo um reflexo direto da evolução urbana que sofreu a cidade de São Paulo. Este trabalho busca uma nova aproximação do cinema com o meio urbano, mas não de forma nostálgica propondo o restabelecimento de cinemas de rua, que desapareceram por conta de diversos fatores presentes na evolução da metrópole. O que ser propõe aqui é aplicar à arquitetura fatores essenciais à sétima arte – luz, cenários e dinamismo – como forma de tornar este resgate histórico algo significativo para nosso contexto contemporâneo.

Este trabajo de Maestría tiene por objetivo establecer una relación dialógica entre dos narrativas sobre el origen de la creación del universo: por un lado, los dos primeros capítulos del libro de Génesis, parte integrante de la Sagrada Biblia, y, por otro, dos capítulos de la crónica El Sobrino del Mago, parte integrante de la obra Las Crónicas de Narnia, de Clive Staple Lewis. La investigación que aqui se presenta se encuadra en los estudios de Análisis del Discurso de línea francesa. Este análisis enfatiza los conceptos de Dialogismo y Polifonía y busca presentar como se estructura la estrecha relación entre estos dos textos, corpus del trabajo.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

The present work describes the historical evolution of the urbanization in Brazil, the distinctive traces of the colonial exploration model as well as the disastrous consequences for the urban centers, due to uncontrolled and unplanned expansion. It points out the private domain on public areas and how the property market takes advantage of the state power to speculate on commercial prices. It outlines the concepts about habitation and the urban space habitability. It points to the main principles of the rights to the city and to the limits concerning the social use of private property and the social function of the city. It analyses the concepts of development of social State and the construction of citizenship in face of the globalization phenomenon. It emphasizes the legal prevision on the Federal Constitution of 1988 about the social rights and the arising of the housing right on the constitutional order. It discourses on the concept of citizenship, identifying its main aspects, stressing housing as an essential condition to human dignity. It also analyses what the public policies and the State social policies are and how they are structured. It tackles the housing policy development and the institutional role of the Cities Ministry in that meaning. It focuses at the policy of benefit to popular housing, delimiting its origins, definition and operation structure. It launches a comparative analysis between that public policy and a similar system promoted by the Spanish government. It shows the urban housing shortage on the main national centers, with government information on programs and projects that aim at the habitability of degraded and excluded areas. It concludes pointing to the category of elaboration and application of housing public policies, as well as the real effectiveness of benefit system and the influence of the economic sector on the management of public policies.

Depression affects 13% to 20% of the world's population. Vitamin B12 deficiency is related to depression. The lack of this vitamin can be induced in rats by the addition of pectin to the diet. This depletion generates aberrations in base substitutions and DNA methylation. Given the need for animal models with neurobiological fundamentals that best represent depression, the objective of this paper was to validate and characterize an experimental model of depression induced by vitamin B12 deficiency in female rats fed with an added diet pectin. The project was elaborated in two phases and involved 40 Wistar rats, monitored from their weaning to their 133th day of life. In the first phase, the animals were randomly separated into two groups, which differed by the feed offered (ration with or without pectin). At the end of this phase, the animals were submitted to a blood count and tests of positive contrast of sucrose, open field and high cross labyrinth, to evaluate if the vitamin deficiency had altered hematological and behavioral variables. In the second phase, the pectin group was divided into three groups: one group continued with the same diet, another group continued with the same diet but also received antidepressant in the water and a third group started to be fed with the regular feed. The pectin-free fed group was divided into two groups: one continued with the same feed and the other fed with increased pectin feed. At the end of this phase the animals were submitted to the same tests listed above and, after their euthanasia, the brains were removed for analysis of the expression of genes involved in depression in rats in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The dropout times obtained by the groups in the forced swim test (pectin = 108 seconds and standard group = 77 seconds, with p = 0.03), applied at the end of the first phase, indicate that the pectin-fed group was behavior-induced of the depressive type. The output of the other tests confirm that this result did not occur due to locomotor and/ or anxiogenic problems. In the second phase, there was no difference between the times, which indicates that this behavior was not observed at this time of the lives of the animals. It is concluded, then, that pectin intake can induces rats to depression but possibly only within a time window that goes until 11 weeks of age. There are three other hypotheses that may justify the results found: there was a physiological adaptation to pectin consumption; older animals may require increased fiber intake to decrease vitamin uptake or perhaps more intense exhaustion at this stage of life is required to lead to this behavior.

The search was conducted in partnership with the municipal school system of the municipality of Embú das Artes of the São Paulo metropolitan region to compare and identify environmental factors in the perinatal occurrences of 115 students, in a total of 140, with the diagnosis of disorder. Autistic Spectrum (TEA), characterizing the sample of the cases and 218 students, belonging to the same schools of the cases and without age difference between them. The methodological approach of the research is quantitative and qualitative, using basic clinical instruments to interview the parents or guardians of the students in the children's own schools. The method and procedures adopted allowed the fulfillment of the objectives of this work, providing the following conclusions: 1) the identification and age percentage is appropriate for the diagnosis of students with ASD; 2) in almost all cases the diagnosis is made by the municipal public health system; 3) the clinical profile of students with ASD showed that more than half are significantly compromised and deserving much support in daily life activities, at school and in society; 4) intellectual disability and language impairment reach more than half of the sample; 5) Regarding controls, students with ASD showed a higher number of perinatal complications, a greater number of events possibly damaging to the Central Nervous System and global development; 6) the effect of the parents' age was not evidenced in this sample; 7) comorbidities in the form of genetic syndromes and other conditions, such as epilepsy, were recorded in 21.7% of students with ASD; 8) Among the controls, there were several health and learning situations that deserve more adequate attention by the education / health system of the municipality.

The present work is divided into three stages. In the first one, it addresses the macroeconomic issues that influenced the political paths adopted since the 1990s. Second, it demonstrates the economic measures adopted by the country in each and every historical period, going through the adoption of neoliberal dictates with privatizations, trade liberalization and Capital mobility, also addressing the crisis in the banking system and the measures adopted for the systemic stabilization of the banking sector, with relief programs such as PROER and PROES. Finally, it analyzes, in the dictates of the national labor union structure, the direct influence of the economic relations in the work of the Banking and Finance Union of São Paulo, Osasco and its Region in the protection of the working class of the banking sector, in constant struggle for the acquisition of new rights and maintenance of rights already owned by the category.

Os jogos digitais vêm sendo muito explorados no nosso cotidiano, não só como uso recreativo, mas também como recursos de aprendizagem, moldando assim a educação através do uso da tecnologia, muito além de somente entretenimento. O presente trabalho buscou criar um jogo tecnológico educativo e que pudesse desenvolver as habilidades sociais e cognitivas de crianças entre 6 e 9 anos com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo. Foi desenvolvido um jogo chamado Mr. Pizza Comida, baseado na terapia ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) com profissionais da área da saúde, os quais deram sugestões de aprimoramentos.

The impairment test is intended to ensure that the carrying amount of the assets does not exceed its recoverable amount, keeping them, recorded like this in the financial statements in accordance with its ability to generate future economic benefits. This accounting primary rule affects long-term assets such as fixed and intangible assets, which tend to stay longer in the balance sheet. Regulated since 2008, from the accounting pronouncement CPC 01 - Impairment of Assets, the impairment is not considered a simple procedure, because it involves much trial and requires extensive technical knowledge of those who apply. This research aims to verify which was the reflection of the adoption of CPC 01 in the Brazilian companies in order to understand how this practice was incorporated into your routine, such as information on impairment are generated internally and identify possible contributions that this practice may have led to management level. This study was conducted from the perspective of the Theory of Diffusion of Innovations and Institutional Theory, from a multicase study with four public companies, chosen for convenience. The results show that the adaptation process was very laborious. It was possible to identify the main changes that were necessary in this process as well as the main difficulties faced, such as the need for creation of new internal controls and the identification and mapping of the variables affecting the business, respectively. The results also indicate that the adoption of the impairment test brought important benefits for internal management, as early identification of possible losses of assets, allowing management to take steps to ensure that they do not occur. Although it was possible to identify the major search criteria of internal and external evidence of loss of assets, such as questionnaires to collect information from the factories on the conditions of use of the equipment and the analysis of competition. It concludes that the adoption of CPC 01 had unexpected effects on the management level, because despite being a dedicated practice to answer to external users, brought valuable internal benefits for the companies studied, so that is no longer just an accounting rule and became a management tool, actively influencing senior management decisions.

Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

Mathematical skills are present from birth and are developed and acquired according to the child's growth, being improved along with the acquisition of other mathematical skills. To investigate whether this evolution is within the expected for the individual's chronological age, instruments are needed to allow this investigation. In Brazil, there is a great scarcity of numerical cognition assessment instruments and the lack of this tool is even greater when the target audience is the preschool age group. Given this, Chechetto (2020) developed a numerical cognition assessment tool for preschoolers (CogNum) and in order for it to be valid, several studies must be conducted. Some characteristics are important and desirable for a psychometric instrument, and one of them is the instrument to be and be suitable for the target audience. Apparent validity investigates qualitative aspects of the instrument on the part of those who take the test, such as acceptance, suitability and relevance. For this, the Understanding and Involvement Protocol (PCE) was developed, with questions that assess the participant both during the realization of each item of CogNum, and in general, through an observer. The PCE questions assess the reaction, compression, difficulties, focus and interaction of the participants during the performance of the instrument's tasks. The present study is part of the larger CogNum development and validation project, and aims to verify its apparent validity using the PCE. 36 children from public and private schools, aged between 3 and 5 years participated in the study. The PCE was completed by an observer or by the CogNum applicator, concurrently with the performance of the tasks of the CogNum items. The results showed that, in general, the participants seemed to have a good understanding of the items, low difficulty in performing the tasks and seemed motivated during the execution of the tasks, converging to what the literature points out as desirable characteristics for a psychometric instrument. Therefore, the data suggest that CogNum seems to be adequate and relevant to the age group that was developed, according to the sample studied. It is expected that CogNum will contribute to the identification of deficits related to the mathematical skills of children at an early age, still in pre-school age

The work aims to study the collective bargaining labour institute, with the presenting of his concept for both the homeland doctrine as to the ILO, its specific principles, its relation to the principle of freedom of association, the regulatory instruments (agreement and collective bargaining agreement), scope, finally, its main aspects. Study will be, even if it is possible federal civil servants carry out collective bargaining work, as they are submitted to a constitutional pay system requiring budgetary provision for the creation of job or change in salary is preceded by legal provision, and as that that law should be a private initiative of the Chief Executive (Article 167, item II, Article 61, paragraph 1, item II, point a, Article 169, paragraph 1, Article 37, item X, all of the Constitution) . Presents other arguments that prevent collective bargaining in the federal public service, for example, the absence of item XXVI of Article 7 of the Constitution in the list of social rights of civil servants contained in paragraph 3 of Article 39 also of the Constitution; the decision of the Supreme Court handed down in the records of direct action of unconstitutionality No. 492-1 / 1990, which was the origin of the subtraction of paragraph d of Article 240 of Law No. 8,112 / 1990, which provided for collective bargaining as a right of server, but it was revoked. It also presents some arguments conducive to the realization of collective bargaining in the federal public service, as the entry into force of the Convention in our legal system No. 151 of the ILO, 1978 and the forecast of the right to free union association and union strike to the servers, so, how can design the right to strike without providing for the right to collective bargaining? Finally, it is practical aspects of the implementation of the negotiation that takes place today between federal public servants and the Union (Direct and Indirect Administration).

This dissertation records and systematizes the modernity components seen in the creation and production of some of the main architects graduates of the School of Architecture Mackenzie – essentially their ideology and mentality. We selected the most relevant architects for the historical period of 1947 to 1968. The aim is to understand and analyze the cultural ambiance at the time of modern architecture in São Paulo, especially the context during the creation of Mackenzie School of Architecture (FAM), the cradle public resistance to the new architecture, aiming to draw the historical setting of Sao Paulo’s architectural development and the role of that option in this context.

No contexto histórico brasileiro, às mulheres reservou-se uma posição de desprestígio, mais ainda quando se tratam de mulheres já submetidas ao sistema prisional brasileiro. Abordar o assunto de egressas é, inevitavelmente, tratar de mulheres negras e subjugadas à marginalização. A partir deste estudo, pretendemos contribuir com o debate e as reflexões sobre teorias da discriminação, sobretudo aquelas que justificam a dificuldade de reinserção de ex-presidiárias no mercado de trabalho. Para isso, adotamos como metodologia a pesquisa sobre a constitucionalidade do background check realizado por empresas antes da contratação. As análises preliminares revelaram que o racismo institucional é fator que contribui diretamente com a exclusão social de egressas após serem submetidas ao cárcere, sendo reflexo da segregação racial perpetuada por quase 388 anos de escravidão.

In addition to representing a source of funding for entrepreneurs that wish to invest in the real estate sector, Real Estate Investment Funds (FIIs) are a relevant investment alternative for physical persons, mainly due to the possibility of a tax benefit. The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of real estate investment funds in Brazil, comprising the impact of strategies for specialized investment in a single asset and the diversification of portfolios, as well as the effectiveness of agency conflict mitigation structures, such as performance fee. In addition, the study verified the existence of information asymmetry between the market value of the fund’s share and its net asset value per share. The sample comprised data from 74 FIIs listed in the BM&FBovespa IFIX Index, in September 2017, and considered data since IFIX creation. To check the hypotheses, we performed regression tests with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, through Stata software, and the analyses covered the following periods: from January 2011 to August 2018, and from March 2014 to August 2018, with data obtained from Bloomberg, B3 and CVM database. The study found that real estate investment funds in Brazil do not follow the concept established in finance theory, in which diversified funds manage to minimize investment risk by diversifying its assets, since diversified funds showed higher volatility and higher return than specialized funds. This finding remains in the analysis of funds with the same type of asset, except in the logistic’s sector where specialized funds have, on average, higher returns and higher volatility than diversified funds with the same type of asset. Analyzing the risk and return relationship of the funds, real estate funds investing in securities showed the best risk and return ratio from January 2011 to August 2018 and specialized funds showed the best risk and return ratio from March 2014 to August 2018. Additionally, it was not possible to obtain statistical significance to evaluate the contribution of the performance rate to the return of the funds, and the performance rate was only positive for the return of diversified real estate funds. In addition, we observed that the variation of net asset value by share was only statistically significant for real estate funds that invest in securities, in the two periods and for diversified funds of corporate slabs, when the regression considered the type of asset, which indicates the existence of information asymmetry.

Indicado ao Prêmio TCC - 1° semestre de 2019.

Este Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso teve como objeto de estudo o racismo e a adoção no Brasil. O objetivo foi analisar o reflexo do racismo, na forma como se manifesta no Brasil, no processo de adoção. O estudo apresenta conceitos, aspectos históricos e sociais sobre a adoção e o racismo, para, posteriormente, debater a implicância do preconceito racial na discrepância entre o elevado número de candidatos à adoção e o de crianças disponíveis para adoção. Para tanto, houve combinação qualitativa-quantitativa na coleta de informações, que possibilitou a combinação de dados matemáticos com dados descritivos, utilizando-se o método de análise bibliográfica, documental (jornais, periódicos e revistas eletrônicos), e a análise estatística do Cadastro Nacional de Adoção. Como aporte teórico, os principais autores utilizados foram Schwarcz, Nascimento, Araújo, Kon, Moritz, entre outros. De maneira geral, este trabalho apontou que o preconceito racial se constitui como um sério entrave à adoção, pois há preferência dos adotantes por meninas brancas, de até 6 anos, enquanto a realidade das instituições é de meninos pardos e negros, com mais de 7 anos. Abordou-se também a importância de reconstruir a imagem dos afro-brasileiros, para extinguir a visão de que pessoas negras são inferiores, e, consequentemente, ocasionar a aceitação igualitária do negro na sociedade. Portanto, este projeto tem a finalidade de demonstrar como a concepção racial no Brasil atual afeta o destino de crianças e adolescentes afrodescendentes e como mudanças do estigma racial têm modificado a forma como a sociedade enxerga filhos adotivos negros.

This dissertation studies the Brazilian road concessions sector, aiming to propose, at the end, contractual advances to the model of economic and financial balance in force, satisfying in an exempt manner the interests of the State, the market and society. It initially discusses the history of the sector, in order to demonstrate statistically the impossibility, both of the granting authority and of the investors, to have adequately foreseen and considered in their feasibility analyzes of the projects that were auctioned between 2013 and 2014, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at the levels that occurred in the country in 2015 and 2016 (7.2%). After, it shows the direct and dependence relationship between the GDP and the demand curve of the highways and, consequently, the income of these companies. It also appropriated to the study the effects of the crisis on credit concessions, as financial institutions and the capital market increased their risk aversion, increasing current interest rates and restricting the approval of new long-term credit lines, as those demanded by the sector. These decisions strongly affected the concessions that at that time still depended on the contracting or the release of these funds to honor the investment schedules agreed with the granting authority, and even more those that did not have the possibility of receiving additional resources or loans from their investors. controllers or associates. Only with the cash generation resources available, some of these concessionaires opted to default on the schedule of improvements and extensions of the highways administered, to focus their efforts on the maintenance and operation of the highways. That, as a possible reaction, to the granting power, there are still three alternatives: to declare the expiration of these concessions, to agree upon the agreement of the private investors or to promote a broad contractual revision, recognizing what has happened as an unforeseeable and extraordinary crisis. The dissertation, unequivocally, analyzes and demonstrates that the latter route offers advantages over the previous options, both to the users, to the granting power and to the concessionaires, since it opts for the continuity of the contracts and the service rendering, it offers a shorter term for the standardization of the situation, lack of additional costs to the public budget and the possibility of maintaining the low tariffs obtained in previous tendering procedures. It proposes the immediate issuance of a Provisional Measure, which will allow the revision of ongoing contracts that are delayed due to their being affected by the macroeconomic crisis, and the inclusion of clauses in the new contracts, which provide for the call for renegotiations of the economic and financial balance by any party that statistically proves the unpredictability and extraordinaryness of the event that affected the economic and financial balance of the contract.

The objective of this work is the analyses of the concept of malandragem on Ópera do Malandro of Chico Buarque on it s historical and literature components. In first place, it´s was made a survey of the malandro s path on the Brazilian society, from the origins till it´s transformation on the Vargas Era, using the Anthropology, Sociology and literature studies. After than, it´s was made an analyses of the Ópera structure, connecting to the historical context in which was produced and the critics that make to that context. At last, it was selected some songs that wasn t from the opera itself, but it´s part of the Chico Buarque s songbook, functioning as a documental support for the understanding of the malandragem concept present in his work. To make this analyses, it was start from the exam of the verbal text of the songs searching for meaning that may be unspoken. We conclude that the analyses of this linked structure elements allowed to explicit aspects of the historical context and of the fictional creations which wasn t elucidated by the storyline.