RCAAP Repository

As a consequence of the widespread and frequent mobile phone use in contemporary society and of the social changes associated to this technology, the mobile phone’s appropriation has become a relevant object of scientific investigation. This paper offers an updated literature review about this subject. In spite of being a recent field in the social sciences, the investigation is broad, international and constantly developing. It focuses eight themes: (i) practices of use and explanations for variations; (ii) social connectivity; (iii) coordination; (iv) softening of boundaries and negotiation of social rules; (v) symbolic dimension; (vi) senses stimulation and personalization; (vii) emotion; and (viii) dependence.

The understanding and practices of the production and transmission of information and knowledge, historically bound to the printed world, have been changing as information is even more created and transmitted in electronic channels, making the relationship between the technological processes and the social and cultural practices and institutions more complex. The very same Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) that foster development can raise new inequalities, from the different barriers that can be found in the interaction with technologies, hence in accessing information content and services. Commonly referred to as ‘digital divide’, such inequalities are often viewed in a narrow perspective, more concerned with infrastructures, equipments or bandwidth, rather than people’s motivations, skills and patterns of usage access. These are nowadays crucial issues that challenge the traditional concept of literacy.

The paper traces the evolution of American journalism, articulating it with the evolution of US society and cultural values. The author focusses on the historical development of American journalism from proximity to political power down to an increasing detachment due to the change of political culture in the twentieth century. The argument is that the current engaged and opposing model of American journalism cannot be simply implemented within a different cultural system. It stems from a unique history, it was shaped by a particular relationship with political institutions and their political culture, but can, nevertheless, serve as an ideal and inspiration for political journalism in other socio-cultural environments.

The expression “economics of culture” unfolds a functional notion of culture connected to some economic activities related with creativity and its products. The cultural industries can be defined as the activities which allow the production, distribution and market placement of cultural goods and services. In recent years, we witnessed the democratization and industrialization of culture, not without questioning however if this means an enhancement of our quality of life or, on the contrary, the downsizing of the quality level of cultural manifestations. The issues of the role of culture and culture policies raise the question of the cultural goods market sustainability. According to the classic theory of Baumol and Bowen, the increase of productivity remains limited, or almost impossible, in live performances (v.g. opera, theater). This issues the role of the State that, apart from its responsibility in the culture heritage protection, appears as essential to the sustainability of certain type of non-competitive performances or industries (v.g. cinema). The State shall assure the necessary infrastructures to the creativity processes, but is questionable if it shall directly subsidize creation, except in the performing arts.

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Stemming from a discussion of the concept of scopic modernity, the article analyzes the night as the ultimate psycho-philosophical boundary, disrupted by the penetration of the technologies of light and vision in the 19th century. It further questions the changes prompted by this euphoric development in the subject’s relation to the modern world, particularly through the aesthetic model of the voyeur and its reflection in the work of Edgar Allan Poe, first, and in film noir, later. Through a representative analysis of two of Poe’s tales, this literary discourse is presented as a counter-narrative to the modern project. Without defending a causal nexus between the literary and the filmic, the article claims that this counter-narrative of scopic modernity is, however, remediated (Bolter/Grusin) in the aesthetics of film noir.

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No presente número de Millenium dão-se à estampa 10 artigos, cobrindo temas multidisciplinares diversos, que se distendem entre a Literatura, a Geografia, o Desporto e a Saúde, por exemplo, ou que tocam questões tão atuais como o bullying em contexto escolar, ou a gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, ou, ainda, a questão da alimentação humana, entre outros.

O universo, que circunscreve a obra da escritora portuguesa Ana Teresa Pereira, compõe-se de constantes e obsessivas enunciações, provenientes do diálogo que os textos estabelecem com a Literatura e com outras formas de Arte, um intercurso obsessivo, todavia coeso e revelador de uma excecional cultura que permite a construção de um mundo e linguagem muito especiais. Estes elementos constituem aquilo a que chamamos, adotando a expressão de Rui Magalhães, “sistema poético” pereiriano. Analisando a presença e ação de intertextos, que se manifestam de forma explícita, o objetivo deste artigo será refletir sobre a forma como se entrecruzam e interpenetram estes “mundos paralelos”, o universo pereiriano e o de “todas as artes”, essencialmente aquelas que circunscrevem as narrativas desta escritora (a Literatura, o Cinema, a Pintura e a Música), conduzindo a intertextualidade àquilo a que Rui Magalhães magistralmente apelidou “unitextualidade”.

Este trabalho pretende demostrar as mudanças epistemológicas que a ciência geográfica passou em meados do século XX e início do século XXI. Tomou-se como estudo de caso a utilização da cartografia e do mapa nas apresentações em eventos e publicações em periódicos em duas correntes científicas diferentes: a Geografia Tradicional e a Geografia Crítica. Para tanto, utilizou-se a educação comparada como método e a análise bibliográfica e documental como procedimentos para o levantamento quantitativa dos dados. Enfim, procurou-se compreender, comparando, a apropriação ou a desapropriação da cartografia e do uso do mapa como ferramentas para a visualização dos fenômenos geográficos nas duas correntes e percebeu-se que a Geografia Tradicional as utilizava em demasia enquanto que a Geografia Crítica era mais modesta. No entanto, a cartografia e o mapa foram e são importantes em todas as fases e correntes da Geografia.

Neste estudo pretendemos analisar a valorização atribuída aos princípios da Sincronização e do Heterocronismo por parte das organizações desportivas. Para avaliar o grau de concordância das comunidades desportivas, aplicou-se o questionário de Análise Institucional de Azevedo (2014) e, para caracterizar as organizações em tipologias de quadrante, recorreu-se ao modelo de análise Mesoscópio (Figueiredo, 2006a). Participaram no estudo 154 inquiridos, pertencentes e distribuídos pelas 24 organizações desportivas autárquicas do distrito de Viseu e com diferentes cargos nas respetivas estruturas hierárquicas. Os resultados revelam diferenças significativas na valorização atribuída, quer ao polo Sincronização, quer ao Polo Heterocronismo, assim como a integração das organizações em tipologias de 1.º e 3.º quadrantes, de acordo com as respetivas preferências. Concluímos que as intenções das comunidades desportivas visam regular e fornecer estabilidade ao comportamento social e desportivo organizacional, de modo a serem aceites e reconhecidas pelos seus pares.