RCAAP Repository

This article reports the realization of the project Re-Historiando lives, in the area of legal psychology. The project was developed over six meetings at the Presidio Nilton Gonçalves, in the municipality of Vitoria da Conquista, and aimed to promote through the meeting with the group the reflection the resignification of the life narratives of the interns of the Laborative module. As a methodological strategy, an adaptation of the dynamics of the Tree of life was used, encompassing themes that addressed life as a combination of past experiences, of the present and of the goals and dreams for the future. In general, the project was evaluated as satisfactory and relevant in that space, since it promoted the reflection on the most diverse themes, the group interaction, helped in the detachment of the subjects of their "problems", worked with the construction of Life projects with the interns, rethinking the possibilities, difficulties and desires of the group participants and contributed to the resignification of the life histories of the interns.   Keywords: Legal psychology; prison system; resignifying.

This paper, following an archeogenealogical perspective of Michel Foucault, aims to investigate the mentally ill figure defined by the emerging medical/psychological practices and discourses in the 17th and 18h centuries, such as the practice of internment of the alienated; and in the 19th century, with the advent of anatomopathology, i.e. a new medical rationality based on the objectification of the doctor-patient relationship, as a clinical practice. This research will be conducted in three parts corresponding to Foucault's investigations of his works, including History of Madness, Birth of the Clinic and Psychiatric Power. From the studies presented in History of Madness, we directed our analysis to the 17th and 18th centuries. The History of Madness is a book that makes an archeology of a social perception of the insane. In Birth of the Clinic, an archeology of the positive look is presented. Finally, we will enter the Foucaultian genealogy with Psychiatric Power to ascertain the historical developments of the 19th century about the devices that produced the mentally ill figure. Keywords: Archeogenealogy., depsychiatrization., subject., mentally ill figure., modern medicine.

The objective of this article is to discuss about the work of the psychologist in the field of Socio-Educational Measures, specifically Probation. Through theoretical discussion on psychoanalytic concepts ‒ such as helplessness ‒, it is possible to think about antisocial attitudes and delinquency as manifestations of anguish in adolescence. According to Laurent’s (2007) assumption, the subject’s implication with his symptom and the approach of the bond formed between psychologist and adolescent are effective in aiding to subjective changes in the life of the youngster, when considering the impasses that challenge him, without resorting to the ways of violence. It is considered that Probation may become a space for stimulating the young person’s protagonism and as a way for the social assistant to get to know the adolescent and his reality, contributing to shatter prejudices. Additionally, it is possible to think of public policies adequate to the needs of this public.  

The general objective of this research is to analyze the context of people management and managerial innovation in a communication company, through the perception of its managers. The following specific objectives were established: identify changes in the area of people management, analyze the perception of managers regarding managerial actions that indicate innovation and analyze the relationship between the context of people management and managerial innovation. The methodology used for data collection was qualitative, with the application of semi-structured interviews in 6 managers, all in high positions of management within the company. For the analysis of the results, content analysis was performed. The managerial cognitions revealed that the innovations are present in the actions of managers and in the process of people management of the company. Also, it was observed the need to align the internal arrangements of the company in order to enable the achievement of the expectations of its stakeholders. This article seeks to collaborate in the way managers can implement practices that promote the evolution of people management in the organization and stimulate the creation of managerial innovations. This adds to the better understanding of the managerial dynamics of a communication company, which faces the challenge of producing value information for customers and staying competitive in the market.

Le syndrome de Pinocchio ou la question du départ

The number of organ transplants in Brazil increased by 15.7% in the first half of 2017, compared to the same period last year. However, experts believe that the index could be more satisfactory if the population had more access to information about organ donations. This descriptive study of campaigns on organ donation sought to reach the social representations attributed to the theme. The published campaigns to the official health websites were submitted to content analysis and evaluation among judges. From this, we found 22 print campaigns and 18 videos available for access in the period from 2015 to 2017. The main findings show that the contents of the campaigns refer to the category of emotional awareness, but it was not considered informative. In addition, the presentation in metaphors required the receiver to approach with the subject for your understanding.

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he Partido dos Trabalhadores living the biggest crisis in its history due to the impact of Operação Lava Jato and mobilizing right-wing groups against petismo. In this context, the objective of this study is to identify and analyze, in this situation of open conflict with its political opponents, the construction of identity attributes for petistas and antipetistas in reports of sympathizers of the Partido dos Trabalhadores. For this were analyzed using the discourse analysis method proposed by discursive social psychology, comments made in response to posts site Conversa Afiada journalist Paulo Henrique Amorim, politically aligned with the Partido dos Trabalhadores in 2015. It’s a site majority frequented by sympathizers of the Partido dos Trabalhadores. The analysis categories were identified that supporters and petismo militants mobilize when they speak of themselves and of political opponents. It was observed that dishonesty, conservatism and anti-nationalism are central features in the identity of antipetismo built by PT. Belonging to the political left, on the other hand, presents itself as a central feature of the movement’s identity in which they operate these militants, a movement which would be the victim, they said, a coup organized by a right constituted by the business community, the media and sectors of the brazilian state.

Entrepreneurship has emerged as a new form of insertion in the labor market, especially for young people. Thus, the present study aimed to understand the motivations and difficulties experienced by young people throughout the process of undertaking. The sample consisted of six young entrepreneurs, five women and one man. Semistructured interviews were applied, analyzed through content analysis. The analysis of the interviews resulted in categories related to the motivations, difficulties and characteristics of the entrepreneurs. The personal characteristics reported by the young entrepreneurs were compatible with the literature, including taking risks, communication, responsibility and creativity. The most frequent categories as motivations to undertake were prestige, influences of third and family, needs and opportunities. The difficulties highlighted were associated with initiating the project, customer support, leadership, lack of planning and physical and mental exhaustion. Through the categories listed, it is noted that effective entrepreneurship among young people requires systematic actions through public policies linked to the fields of health, education, and work.  

The Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic drink used in religious context and its use is associated with improvements in mental health of users. This study aimed to do a survey of the researches that evaluate the therapeutic potential of Ayahuasca in Psychology. A narrative literature review was performed with the descriptors “Psychology” and “Ayahuasca” indexed on the CAPES portal, on Medline and Scielo platforms. Thirty-four articles were obtained and inclusion criteria were applied - written in Portuguese or English, and having the descriptor “Ayahuasca” in the title - and exclusion - not addressing the therapeutic use of ayahuasca as a research problem. After filtering, we obtained 8 articles published between 2006 and 2018, divided into 10 studies: 7 of basic research and 3 of applied research. It is concluded that the production of studies on the therapeutic efficacy of Ayahuasca and its effects on users' mental health is recent and scarce. It is important that future studies address beyond psychopathological or pharmacological parameters, analising social and cultural issues linked to substance use. It is essential that particularities of the environment in which the substance was taken and of the user's life history are considered and investigated in detail.

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Obesity is a chronic disease that involves several factors, and from it many other comorbidities occur. Performing bariatric surgery has become an alternative for many people who have not been successful with other weight loss treatments. However, this change implicates psychological issues. The purpose of this paper was to elucidate how the behavior analyst psychologist can work on these changes. Having as scientific justification discuss this performance of the psychologist, being relevant to all who experience these changes. Three surveys of other psychological approaches were used, with data on pre- and post-bariatric psychological aspects, and thus a Behavior Analysis reading was done. The verbal community is responsible for building one's identity as it turns to overweight, altering that aspect interferes with how they see themselves. Therefore, the importance of the behavior analyst psychologist to assist him in this perception of himself.

The sense of parental competence can be defined as the individual's expectations and beliefs about his / her ability to perform the parental role competently and effectively, thus encompassing characteristics such as perceived self-efficacy and parental satisfaction. This study aimed to gather evidence of validity and accuracy of the Sense of Parental Competence Scale (PSOC). A sample of 214 mothers aged 18-49 (M = 33.48, SD = 5.81), most heterosexual (96.2%) and married (70, 4%). Initially, the adequacy of the data matrix, whose results demonstrated KMO = 0.80 and the Bartlett's Sphericity Test was significant [c2 (120) = 664,238; p <0.001]. Observing the criteria of Kaiser, Cattell and Horn, it was indicated the possibility of extracting two factors. Therefore, a Principal Component Analysis (oblimin rotation) was performed with two fixed factors. The final solution, composed of 16 items, explained 33.77% of the total variance and presented Cronbach's alpha of 0.79. The first factor (Satisfaction) collected 9 items, explained 24.18% of the variance and presented Cronbach's alpha of 0.75; the second factor (Efficacy) was configured in 7 items, explained 9.54% and obtained alpha of 0.70. The instrument presented good psychometric parameters; however, further studies are recommended to confirm the structure found.   Keywords: Sense of parental competence; adaptation; validity; reliability.

This paper discusses the contributions of Psychology to the analysis of expropriations of poor communities in the urban space of Fortaleza and in rural areas in the countryside of Ceará, understanding these actions as marks of socio-spatial segregation processes. It is a theoretical study, anchored theoretically and methodologically in social and environmental psychologies. To deepen the discussion, results of research developed in the Laboratório de Pesquisa em Psicologia Ambiental (Locus) of the Federal University of Ceará. Among the contributions, it stands out in the ethical-political position of psychology in face of social inequalities, in this work characterized by segregation actions. We concluded the need to analyze the processes of expropriation beyond their physical and legal aspects, understanding how communities and the construction of urban and rural space from symbolic, socio-affective, historical and political symbols that involve social actions.

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Even with the development of societies, homophobia remains a persistent problem in contemporary times. There is much discussion about the person who discriminates, but there are a few discussions about the discriminated subject concerning this prejudice on their personal representation and its repercussions throughout his life. Therefore, given the relevance of this topic, this article aims to describe the meanings of homophobia and the life project for a group of homosexual university students. To this end, four students from different undergraduate courses of a public university in the northeast region of Brazil participated, who were invited to answer a series of questions about their sociodemographic characteristics and their personal perception about homophobia and its relationship with personal planning on the future. The narratives were explored through thematic content analysis. According to the group, homophobia is hostile behavior, motivated by the prejudice against homosexual behavior, but that does not directly affect the lives of its victims. These meanings are commented on according to the psychosocial consequences experienced by these subjects, such as the exclusion and need for egalitarian public policies.   Keywords: Qualitative research; Social psychology; Homophobia; Prejudice.

Violence can be identified in contemporary society in both virtual and non-virtual environments. Violent behaviors in the non-virtual environment were analyzed by Abib as being the result of the conflict between primeval and evolved sensibilities and propose, therefore, the project of sensitivity education, which aims to restore the balance between these sensitivities. This paper aimed to evaluate if online social media can contribute to the sensitivity education, complying with its principles and strategies. For this, theoretical-bibliographical research was conducted, whose sources were 34 articles published in the journal Computers and Human Behavior; and the analysis was based on the fundamental concepts of sensitivity education. Favorable (prosocial) behaviors which are based on the principles and strategies of sensitivity education were identified, and unfavorable (antisocial) behaviors that are not consistent with the principles and strategies of sensitivity education. It was concluded that online social networks could enable the education of sensitivity, but the possibilities of anonymity, false profiles, and the very structure of the Internet can hinder its development.

This article presents an experience on social psychology, conducted with approximately 80 young people, ranging from 14 to 19 years of age. The activities were carried out through thematic modules and the present production will focus on the thematic meeting that addressed issues related to sexuality in youth. As a methodology for conducting the meeting, we approach the issues with the help of audiovisual resources and psychoeducational dynamics, thus, it is possible to direct the meeting according to the doubts and concerns of the young people themselves. Most of the participants stated that sexuality is treated differently for men and women. It was also possible to see the blame of the woman for an unplanned pregnancy. Moreover, many young people do not perceive pregnancy in adolescence not as something only negative, but as an enabler of the restructuring of experiences. Sexuality in youth has shown itself to be an element that produces gendered identity. It is understood here, the importance of expanding discussions on the themes considering the analytical markers of gender and generation, thereby giving way to conservative morals that lead to the perpetuation of inequalities between men and women.

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Male participation in child care was discussed among men from different socioeconomic sectors in Salvador (Bahia), Brasil, based on the discussion about the concept of Care and the gender focus. Data were collected through narrative interviews and analyzed with the thematic content analysis technique. It was found that, with some nuances, male participation in daily childcare - including contact with health services - is seen as "help" and at times when there are no other people available, which evidences the reproduction of conventional gender roles and permanence of the sexual division of labor. At the same time, men have a strong affective bond with the child and participate in child care as a social construction of the person process. We highlight the similarities among the participants, in spite of the socioeconomic differences, a point that requires future researches.