RCAAP Repository

The pepper plant belongs to the Solanaceae family and the genus Capsicum, comprising between 33 and 34 species, which represent a large and diversified number of plants, being widely grown throughout the world due to the wide variety of products, uses, forms of consumption and ornamental attributes. However, despite the commercial value attributed to peppers, handling procedures and post-harvesting, are still unknown, especially when referring to linked factors to post-production, especially related to the sensitivity of these to ethylene hormone. This study aimed to research the genetic diversity and the sensitivity of ornamental pepper plants, (Capsicum annuum), in F3 families. After reaching a marketing point, when the pepper plants presented at least 70% of the ripe fruits, the plants were transferred from the greenhouse to the laboratory and the evaluation of the following variables was carried out: counting of leaves, counting of fruits and content of chlorophyll. Subsequently, the plants were stored in hermetic chambers, with a capacity of 60 l, containing 10μL L-1 (PPM) of ethylene gas. The counts were performed prior to treatment and after a period of 48, 96 and 144 hours of exposure to ethylene hormone. The experimental design used was entirely randomized, with a 11x3 factorial arrangement (seven families x four witnesses x 3 times) to evaluate the sensitivity of peppers to the hormone. For the evaluation of genetic diversity, the Tocher grouping method was used. It was observed that there was interaction for chlorophyll B, with no interaction for the characteristic leaves, fruits and chlorophyll A. For the variable chlorophyll a and leaf abscission there was significance both for family and for exposure time (p ≤ 0.01), on the other hand, for fruit abscission was observed significance only for time. The 35 family and the witnesses 77.3, 134.1 and Calypso, presented the biggest losses of chlorophyll B, in the 96h of exposure to ethylene already. In terms of sensitivity to ethylene hormone, the 35 family was the one that presented more sensitive to all the variables analyzed. The biggest loss of leaves and the largest waste in the content of chlorophyll A occurred in 144h time. The families presented different levels of sensitivity to ethylene hormone. With respect to genetic diversity, it was possible to observe, by the method of optimization of Tocher, that there is variability, in the families studied, for factors related to post-production. The families UFPB17 and UFPB 47 were the ones that presented greater formation of groups: eight groups, in contrast, the family UFPB 56 was the one that presented the smallest formation of groups: only three. The family UFPB 35 formed seven groups. The families UFPB 55, UFPB 53 and UFPB 30, formed five groups. By Singh's method, it was possible to identify, that the abscission characteristic of leaves was the one that contributed most to the genetic divergence found in most families. However, the characteristic that contributed less to genetic divergence, for most families evaluated, was the variable abscission of fruit. All the families studied, presented genetic diversity, by the method of Tocher, for the analyzed variables.

The species Dimorphandra gardneriana Tulasne is a native Brazilian tree, propagated by seeds, whose fruits have high content of bioflavonoids rutin and quercetin, used in large scale by the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of the seeds produced in order to select seed plants for the seed harvest. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of different D. gardneriana matrix plants, as well as their storage potential. In order to characterize the fruits and seeds of D. gardneriana, the biometrics were determined, while germination and vigor tests were performed (germination speed, seedling length and dry mass, conductivity electrical, accelerated aging, emergency in the field and tests of cold and x-rays). In order to store the seeds, different packages (aluminum foil, Kraft paper, cloth, plastic and bottles of polyethylene terephthalate - PET) were tested and in environments (laboratory natural, refrigerator and cold and dry chamber) for a period of 28 months, with evaluation of the water content, germination and vigor at the beginning and every 40 days of storage. The biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds of D. gardneriana are variable between the matrix plants, being indicated to 20 as one that owns seeds of larger size. By the results of the accelerated aging test the seeds of the matrix plant 11 are the most vigorous. Greenhouse and field emergence tests were efficient in separating the seeds of different D. gardneriana seedlings at vigor levels, and the seeds of the plants 19 and 20 were considered of better physiological quality. Cold and germination at low temperature highlight the seeds of the maturing plants 18, 19 and 20 as the most vigorous, whereas by the results of the tetrazolium test the most vigorous seeds were from the plants 2, 3, 6, 8 and 13. X - ray image was effective to evaluate the morphology of the seeds of different D. gardneriana matrix plants and its relationship with vigor. In storage, the seeds of D. gardneriana remained viable and with high physiological quality for up to 20 periods, with plastic and PET bottles being the most suitable for the storage of these seeds.

The search for discovering plant species and isolating their active components with insecticidal properties against insects plagues, such as fruit flies, are receiving considerable attention worldwide, as they generate minimal environmental and living impacts compared to use of chemical insecticides. Thus, this study aimed to establish Lethality of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) submitted to different plant extracts. Hydroethanolic extracts (S. terebinthifolia, M. officinalis, S. aromaticus, P. guajava, P. amboinicus, M. villosa, C. sinensis, A. heterophyllus M. citrifolia e E. uniflora) were prepared with 30% w / v fresh leaves (plant weight / 70% ethanol volume). The insecticidal evaluation of the hydroethanolic extracts was investigated in two trials, in which the effect of the extracts on the larval stage (L3) and on the pupae of C. capitata were evaluated. The experiments were performed with ten treatments (hydroethanolic vegetable extracts) in different proportions (30%, 15%, 7,50%, 3,75%, 1,87%, 0,93%, 0% - one control with ethanol and another with water). Which were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. Ten larvae or pupae were placed in a plastic cup and moistened in 1 mL of the portions of the extracts in the respective treatments. The evaluation was performed every 24 hours for three days for larvae; and the pupae, after being submitted to the treatments, were conditioned for eight days (pupal development) and, after that time, the evaluations were done every 24 hours for eight days. Our results show that hydroethanolic extracts of S. aromaticum, P. guajava and E. uniflora obtained the highest levels of polyphenols. However, for larval phase L3 only the leaf extracts of M. villosa, E. uniflora, P. amboinicus and S. terebinthifolia had insecticidal effect higher than 80% on the larvae of C. capitata. Whereas in the pupa phase of this insect, only the blackhead S. aromaticum and E. uniflora reduced the pupal development by more than 90%. The extracts that registered the greatest insecticidal response against the immature phases of C. capitata were S. aromaticum, E. uniflora and M. villosa. The main bioactive components were rosmarinic acid and luteolin7-O-rutinoside for M. villosa, the derivatives of glycosylated myricetin and quercetin for E. uniflora and isohamnetin, galoose digalloyl (glucogalin), isobiflorin, biflorin and kaempferol for S. aromaticum. These findings increase the number of effective extracts against C. capitata and provide new evidence on the major bioactive compounds active in this insecticidal activity.

This research was developed in Amapá State areas of natural ocurrence of ‘açaí’ palm trees (Euterpe oleracea, Mart.) in order to study the relationships between soil physical and chemical properties and fruit quality-yield. Soil samples were collected in the layers of 0- 10; 10-20; 20-30; 30-40 and 40-50 cm depth in areas of the following municipalities, soil position and geographic coordinates: Macapá, “Terra Firme”, 00º 07’ 03’’N, 51º 08’ 47’’ W; Mazagão, Lowland, 00º 02’ 33’’ S, 51º 15’ 24’’ W; and Amaparí, Hillslope, 00º 47’ 50’’ N, 51º 57’ 38’’ W, with soil textural classes of sandy clay loam, clay, and silty clay loam, respectively. Soil pH values of Hillslope and “Terra Firme” soils were classified as slightly acidic while the mean pH of Lowland soils was 5.6. Soil organic matter contents were higher in “Terra Firme” as compared to Hillslope soils and slightly superior to the Lowland soils. Sum of bases (SB) values were high in the Lowland due to the high levels of exchangeable calcium and magnesium, while Terra Firme soils showed high values of aluminum saturation compared to the other areas. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) values followed the trend: Lowland > “Terra Firme” > Hillslope. Lowland soils had the highest ‘açaí’ palm tree production with greater number of tillers (8.112 units/ha on average), tree mean diameter of 15.5 cm, annual average yield of 7.4 kg tree-1, and pulp/fruit yield of 25 %. Pulp pH values in the Lowland soils (5.2) was higher than in the plants growing in the two other soils: Hillslope (4.8) and “Terra Firme” (4.9), while for pulp ºBrix values the three sites had similar values (3.0-3.1). Sensorial analysis results indicated acceptance averages for ‘açaí’ pulp (84 % water diluted) from the three sites: “Terra Firme”, 83.3 %; Lowland, 87.8 %, and Hillslope, 76.9 %. Organoleptic properties of ‘açaí’ pulp with the higher acceptance (Lowland areas) had the influence of higher values of the following soil properties: pH, CTC, SB, and base saturation (V) and lower values of aluminum saturation, which indicates a better condition in soil fertility, higher soil microporosity and water retention in Lowland soils.

The use of biodegradable natural polymers for post-harvest food preservation is a trend consistent with society's commitments to sustainability. Among natural polymers, starch has been gaining prominence due to its great worldwide availability, high extraction yield, nutritional value, low cost, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Yam, cassava, jackfruit and mango seeds kernel have potential for starch extraction and use in the food industry or for the formulation of biodegradable coatings. Mango, a climacteric fruit, has quick ripening, requiring post-harvest technologies to increase its shelf life. The objective of this study was to characterize the physical, chemical and optical properties of mango seed kernel, jackfruit seeds, yam and cassava starches in the production of biodegradable films and coatings as well as determine the potential for application in post-harvest mango conservation. The experiments were carried out at the Embrapa Semiárido, Post-Harvest Physiology Laboratory. Four starch sources were used: jackfruit seed, mango seed kernel, yam and cassava. Starch characterizations were carried out regarding their chemical, physical and optical potential. The starches were used as coatings on the 'Palmer' mango fruit at the concentrations of 3% (cassava starch) and 3.5% (yam starch, jackfruit seed and mango seed kernel). These starches were also used for the development of biodegradable films, being prepared from three concentrations (2, 3 and 3.5%) for each of the sources. These films were submitted to physical, optical and mechanical evaluations. From these experiments, the jackfruit seed and mango seed kernel starches were selected for use as 'Tommy Atkins' mango fruit coating. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 7 x 6 factorial arrangement, with 7 coatings and 6 storage times. The following coatings were used mango seed kernel starch; mango seed kernel starch + chitosan; jackfruit seed starch; jackfruit seed starch + chitosan; chitosan; carnauba wax and control (uncoated). Mangos were stored under refrigeration (12.1 ± 0.2 °C and 88.9 ± 2.8% RH) for 21 days followed by 9 days at room temperature (23.3 ± 0.2 °C and 88,6 ± 2.7% RH). The four sources presented potential for starch extraction due to total starch and amylose content. The films developed presented physical, optical and mechanical characteristics comparable to commercial ones. The increase in starch concentration directly influenced the thickness, water vapor permeability, rupture stress and drilling force. The application of the tested coatings resulted in: weight loss reduction, longer green color maintenance, delayed pulp firmness loss, soluble pectin and β-carotene content increase reduction, chlorophyll a and b decrease reduction and in the α-amylase enzyme action in mango fruit. Coatings from mango seed kernel and jackfruit seeds, chitosan coatings and carnauba wax stood out for these effects.

The land grabbing is a process of global accumulation of land that has intensified with the triple crisis of neoliberal capitalism of the 2000s and the growing environmental crisis that is a direct consequence of the unsustainable global capitalist mode of production. In the meantime, large-scale land speculation by various public and private actors has emerged as an alternative to the uncertainties of the international financial market and as a way out of failures in energy and food shortages. Its violent negative effects rooted in the expulsion of peasants from their lands and the threat to food and nutritional security of the most vulnerable populations also characterize this process. These contradictions have sparked the activism of Via Campesina - a transnational social movement formed in the early 1990s by peasant organizations in various parts of the world - that have been emphatically against the process of transnational land acquisition. The complexity of the phenomenon, as well as the multiplicity of actors involved with diverse interests, contributed to the agenda for global governance on agricultural land gaining ground in forums and international discussions. In the scope of the governance debate, two international regimes stand out: the Principles for Responsible Agricultural Investment, Respects, Livelihoods, and Resources (PRAI) and the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in The Context of National Food Security (Voluntary Guidelines). This work characterizes the performance and position of the Via Campesina against the process of land grabbing, giving greater focus to the movement’s performance in the aforementioned global governance structures. For this, the work - based on a qualitative methodology - used primarily for extensive bibliographical review and documentary analysis, aiming to clarify the aforementioned objective.

This dissertation is part of the theme of governance and social, political and administrative participation in public management, focusing on the planning of the tourism sector, which has been discussed in Brazil for more than 50 years. Currently, the most important public policy oriented to this end is the Tourism Regionalization Program - Roteiros do Brasil (PRT), launched in 2004 in the first Lula government and reissued in 2013 in the first Dilma Rousseff government. This program also has as main goal to definitively integrate the country in the international tourist market. This policy determines at local / regional levels the constitution of Regional Governance Instances, characterized as institutional arrangements that must, necessarily, be guided by the participation of diverse segments of society. In this sense, the objectives of this research were to understand how these institutional arrangements are effected, what their peculiarities are, how they are characterized pragmatically and to what extent the social participation in public management and the governance associated with it was paradigmatic in the tourism sector. For this, a comparative work was chosen between two distinct experiences of implementation of this policy: the Tourist Board of the Seridó of Rio Grande do Norte and the Forum of Tourism of the Brejo in Paraíba. In order to achieve these objectives, a bibliographical review was carried out on the question of participation and, consequently, the governance linked to it in the public management of tourism. In this sense, studies and research were carried out by the research group of the Postgraduate Program in Tourism of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte entitled "Planning and Organization of Tourism - GEPPOT" and the Research Group "Development, Planning and Tourism "Linked to the undergraduate course in Tourism of the UFPB. These databases were inputs to understand the historical and current panorama of the regionalization policy, as well as to better understand how the governance arrangements in both states function and characterize each other, comparing them. In addition, a semi-structured profile interview was conducted with representatives of the two regions, which allowed updating information contained in the aforementioned works. From the results, it can be concluded that both experiences of governance arrangements have striking conflicts and contradictions in their forms of organization. The advice of the Polo Seridó is somewhat below the comparison with the Brejo Forum, because this space has effectively established itself around the participatory and regional assumptions of public policy and is characterized as a sui generis model of tourism governance, in which the private sector has plenty of strength and leadership. In contrast, the Polo Seridó council remains immersed in the same problems attributed to the lack of technical and institutional capacity of the public power.

Introduction: In a hospital environment, the mental effort of nurses can be generated by the need to meet the patient's demands, the interaction with patients or family members, associated with the most intense emotional aspects of life. Therefore, it can be assumed that this environment has an effect on the workload. Several studies focused on the analysis of the nursing workload were concentrated with instruments focused on the evaluation of the physical workload (intensity and volume of work). These instruments, in turn, seem insufficient for the measurement of the workload, which must be comprehensive and dynamic, and there is a need for literature that considers the mental load before the activities / work situations that promote its increase. There are still few studies that address the mental workload of nurses in ICU settings. Objective: to verify the relationship between the mental workload of nurses and the hospital infection in an Intensive Care Unit. Method: Participants in the sample were nurses who performed their work activities during the day shift. Data collection took place in two periods: December 2017 with a total of 16 participants and April 2018 with 14 participants. The following research instruments were used: (1) socioeconomic questionnaires; (2) NASA-TLX for analyzing the mental workload of nurses; (3) Nursing Work Index Brazilian version to evaluate organizational aspects of the sector, and finally, (4) consult the database of the Hospital Infection Control Service to collect data on levels of hospital infection. The Spearman correlation test was applied to verify the association between the mental work load of the participants and the hospital infection levels, α = 0.05. Results: Nurses' mental workload was high, with a NASA-TLX weighted average of 66.38 (SD ± 15.0). Correlations were found between the levels of hospital infection in the sector and the mental load of the nurses (r = 0.654, p <0.01), with emphasis on urinary tract infection associated with the delayed bladder catheter (r = 0.546, p <0 , 01) and pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation (r = 0.563, p <0.01). The ICU presented a favorable environment to nursing practices with means lower than 2.5, according to the Nursing Work Index Brazilian version. Conclusion: The mental workload of the nurses was associated with the infection levels of the intensive care sector, mainly urinary tract infection associated with the use of a bladder catheter and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

This study aims to understand which attributes associated with provision of educational services have greater relevance in the composition of loyalty and retention of undergraduate students in management and business courses. This is a quantitative and descriptive research that was carried out through a survey that involved the elaboration of a structured questionnaire composed of items and constructs that underwent a validation process. Firstly, study data went through an exploratory stage, then through a descriptive stage using psychometric scales analysis. Finally, the hypotheses proposed in the study were tested. The results evidenced the confirmation of hypotheses of constructs linked to relationship marketing in services which have a direct and indirect effect on loyalty and retention of clients as regards educational services. However, in the final structural model, the relationship between Affective Commitment and Loyalty is excluded, and Integration ceases to be an exogenous construct and presents itself endogenously, being influenced by the Perceived Quality and influencing the Affective Commitment, which constitutes a contribution of the study. Thus, the study demonstrates and reinforces the importance of understanding students experience in business and management courses for educational institutions.

Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) are educational resources resulting from technological development which can be an alternative to maximize the capacity of virtual online education. However, the vast majority of learning environments that are available to students are used in a passive way, mainly to transmit multimedia documents (videos, audios, texts, images, etc.) and provide ways to evaluate students through questionnaires and activity submissions, not offering a customized instructional material for the different types of student. An example of such systems is the Modular Object Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (Moodle). One possible way to address this problem is through the usage of Adaptive Learning System (ALS). ALS systems take into account the information accumulated in individual learners’ models in order to behave differently for different kinds of students. Student modeling plays a crucial role in an ALS because it provides information about the student’s learning profile, which allows the systems to be highly individualized. The adaptation of the system can happen in different ways and levels, offering personalized teaching. This research proposes an adaptive model that takes into account the cognitive profiles of the learners. The proposed model uses a combination of Learning Analytics (LA), which is a technique for extracting academic data in order to provide visualization about the learning process, to provide a representation of the student’s learning profile, according to the Revised Bloom Taxonomy (RBT), which is a framework for classifying the different levels of human cognition of thought, learning and understanding. Through the application of LA, the learner’s learning trajectory will be evaluated dynamically using the indicators of the RBT, which later on can be used as basis for adaptation of the teaching level offered to the different learning level of the students.

Strontium stannate, SrSnO3, is a perovskite of the orthorhombic type that presents several technological applications due to its interesting physical and chemical characteristics, being quite used as a photocatalyst. In this work, SrSnO3 and derivatives (SrSnO3: Cu2+, SrSnO3@ZrO2, SrSnO3: Cu2+@ZrO2) were obtained by modified Pechini method, characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, specific surface area (BET), photoluminescent emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) with mapping, applied in the photocatalytic evaluation of synthetic dyes. The target molecules chosen were yellow gold remazol (RNL), methylene blue (MB) and eosin (EA), being compounds generally found in wastewater and industrial waters. The photocatalytic tests using the RNL azaser were performed in a reactor using three 9W UVC lamps (λ = 254 nm) in order to determine the participation of each reactive species from the use of hydroxyl radicals, holes and electrons in the oxidation of the dye. On the other hand, the tests using the MB and EA dyes had the optimized operating parameters (such as the photocatalyst concentration, solution pH, presence of inorganic salts, presence of radical scavengers and light source) quantified and monitored by coupled liquid chromatography to the masses for identification of degradation products after the photocatalytic process. Stability by cycle reuse and toxicity evaluation of the solutions before and after the photocatalytic process were done by toxicity tests using saline artemia and the MTT test using the last two dyes. The results of the photocatalytic evaluation showed that SrSnO3 and SrSnO3@ZrO2 photocatalysts obtained excellent degradation percentages in all dyes under UV radiation, and that performance was improved for SrSnO3@ZrO2 assigned to the synergy of the positions of the energy bands that suppress the electron recombination / hole and consequently lead to the generation of oxidative species and final conversion of the dyes. In addition, the action of isopropyl alcohol promoted a considerable inhibition indicating that the participation of the species • OH is extremely important in the degradation process and its oxidations occur through an indirect mechanism. In particular, in the MB and EA dyes, these data were more significant since, after successive cycles of reuse, these compounds ensured stability greater than 50% degradation compared to the percentages obtained in the initial cycles. The toxicity tests showed positive results thus reinforcing that the degradation products exhibited a lower toxicity level than the starting solution in the case of brine shrimp, thus guaranteeing benefits, since the solutions of the dyes before treatment were colored and after process the same have become transparent and / or colorless with toxic negative effect compared to the initial solutions. Finally, the importance of the optimization of the operational parameters in order to guarantee success and cost / benefit for future applications is emphasized.

Lamellar niobate K4Nb6O17 was synthesized by the solid state method and resulted in the trihydrate phase, exhibiting orthorhombic unit cell. K4Nb6O17·3H2O was protonated with HNO3 solution and then exfoliated with an expanding agent (TBAOH). The colloidal suspension obtained from the exfoliation underwent pH variation for the morphological study of the nanosheets. After adjusting the pHs, the nanosheets restacking process was performed with the desired structural characteristics (tabular or coiled). Two methods of restacking were developed in this work, with the intention of obtaining a satisfactory yield of the restack material. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG / DTA), absorption spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and visible (UV-Vis) region, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), surface area analysis by BET method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD results showed that the repopulated materials showed low organization in the long range, and peaks referring to the tabular and rolled structural morphology. The FTIR spectra of the reworked materials presented vibrational modes related to the less pronounced distorted octahedrons [NbO6]. The BET analysis indicated that the restack material had a higher surface area in relation to the initial material, and mesoporous characteristics. The methodology-2 developed in this work obtained better performance than the methodology-1, but did not maintain the desired structural characteristics. In the photocatalytic tests, the efficiency of the photocatalysts was influenced, according to: the surface area, which was not a significant parameter in the evaluation of the discoloration efficiency of C-K4RT9; the morphology of the nano-structures in nanorrolos of the material C-K4RT10, that resulted in the low photocatalytic activity due to characteristics associated with the high recombination rate of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs, as well as the shadow effect; the calcination of the C-K4RT10 repotted material, which influenced the increased discoloration efficiency, resulting from the elimination of substances (TBA+), which blocked access to the active sites present on the surface.

This presented work contributes to the development of a novel fault diagnosis method in Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors. These have been used in several applications of electric vehicles. Some advantages, such as low maintenance demand and ability to work in hostile environments. One of the applications given to BLDC motors is in Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), popularly known as drones, that have a wide variety of uses and applications. So, there is a growing need for security and safety solutions. Thus, it was noticed that there is a demand to develop a real-time diagnostic strategy to be embedded in RPA. This work present a technique for the diagnosis of working behavior in BLDC motors. From analysis of the chaotic behavior of the electric current signal, measured by the maximum density of the function, preliminary results demonstrated the efficacy of new technique under stationary and non-stationary conditions, opening the possibility of improving the technique and developing the embedded motor diagnostic solution.

Water is an essential element to life and must be free of toxins and microorganisms to have their characteristics preserved. The disorderly growth of populations, natural and socio-cultural factors, has caused serious problems to the environment, causing water scarcity and degradation of water sources, generating water management challenges and threatening environmental sustainability, socioeconomic development and quality of life. Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of infant death in the world and in Brazil, largely due to poor water quality. According to DATASUS / MS, in the years 2013 and 2014, there were 483,117 hospitalizations and 104,232 deaths from diarrhea in the country, with 26.35% of deaths in the Northeast region. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors from alternative collective sources, populations vulnerable to illness, to evaluate the correlation between water consumption from Collective Alternative Solutions (SAC), whose quality is monitored by SISAGUA and the occurrence of Acute Diarrheal Diseases (DDA) in the State of Paraíba. METHODOLOGY: Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, in an interdisciplinary way and addressing environmental indicators and parameters related to water quality (SISAGUA), the information concerning the municipalities of Paraíba with incidence rates of ADI (SIVEP_DDA) was analyzed above 30,000 cases / 100,000 inhabitants, in the period from 2012 to 2016. RESULTS: Positive correlation was evidenced for the municipality of Guarabira. The other variables were unsatisfactory for the other municipalities. We also used maps for georeferencing of sources registered in SISAGUA. However, the incidence of ADI remained high throughout the study. CONCLUSION: The data studied indicated the underutilization of SISAGUA and SIVEP_DDA, but they are viable and strategic information systems for municipal management, making possible through the results to guide intersectoral actions of health surveillance, enabling the improvement in the quality of life of the population that use SAC in the state of Paraíba.

The present research sought to analyze the traditional artisanal construction of the caiçara in the municipality of Lucena, Paraíba, through the botanical knowledge of artisanal fishermen who build them, making use of the botanical tree resource extracted from the Atlantic Forest and Mangrove, with its legal implications of using these, as well as the occupation of the seafront. Since it was a Qualiquantitative research, the Field Survey, Ethnography, Bibliographic and Documentary Research were used as methodology, using Rapport techniques, Non-Participatory Observation, Free and Formal Interview, having as instrument the Semistructured Form, photographic record, georeferencing by GPS and use of digital maps (MapBiomas), registration, numbering, structural measurement (height, width, length and distance of the line between tides) and measurement of the perimeter of the woods used in the caiçaras, Guided Tour, collections for botanical identification of the species indicated in the Free List, and Analysis of data obtained by Methods MPETH, Qualitative Ethnographic Descriptive, Risk Incidence, Use Value and Descriptive Statistics. All activities were authorized by the Fisher Colonies Z-5 and Z-19 Through Letters of Consent and the interviewees signed the Term of Free and Informed Consent, allowing the dissemination of the data obtained, based on the Ethical Conduct for Research on Human Beings, of the National Health Council (Resolution No. 510/2016). This study obtained authorization for its accomplishment, issued by the Ethics Committee of the UFPB, under Protocol n. 0227/2016 and Registration in SISGEN under Cadastre n. A59DF10. With the results obtained, it can be inferred that the caiçara is a very important element within the local culture, which serves as a place of deposition and storage of fishing gear used by fishermen. In the municipality there are 100 caiçaras and the local knowledge involved in this traditional and artisanal culture are running the risk of losing themselves over time, due to the absence in part of this population, in the continuity of vertical and horizontal transmission of the ethnobotanical knowledge involved in its construction and in the resource the local forest used. These resources need adequate management, and should involve municipal, state and federal public agencies, since there is a preferential arrangement of botanical species for their durability and occurrence, so that they remain available over time and thus can be continuously used by the local fishing community. Nine Atlantic Forest and two Mangrove species were identified. In addition to these factors, environmental justice must be present, through the knowledge of current legislation and, although unknown to the local population of Professional Fishermen, allows the occupation of the border to maintain their fishing activity, as well as, the use management of native forest resources. It is concluded that ethnobtanic knowledge and popular culture in this local community of artisanal fishermen need to be preserved, requiring phytosociological studies of the diversity of the species used and their availability, in order to develop the identity and local culture of these fishermen, with a focus in the maintenance of the cultural patrimony that is the caiçara of Lucena, Paraíba.

Agroecology and gastronomy are very current issues and demonstrate that the population is increasingly aware of the benefits of consuming food without poisons, combined with gastronomic practices. This paper approaches the relationship between family farming and consumers of organic foods in three agroecological fairs in João Pessoa city, state of Paraiba, Brazil. The objective of the research was to understand the factors that influence the exhibitors / farmers and consumers of food in the agroecological fairs of the city of João Pessoa and to associate the relationship between the consumption of these foods and the regional gastronomy. It was made a qualitative-quantitative research encompassing the three agroecological fairs, composed of farmers affiliates to a single association. They were part of the research field the agroecological fairs located in the neighborhoods of Bessa (Ecosul Association), Castelo Branco (Ecovarzea Association) and the Bairro dos Estados (Association of Organic Farmers of the Zona da Mata and Agreste Paraibano) were part of the research field. For research in agroecological fairs semi-structured questionnaires were formulated for research, which were prepared for two segments: agroecological producers and consumers of agroecological fairs. There were 194 interviews, of which 46 were producers and 148 were consumers, including the three fairs. Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric tests were used for the difference between categories, and Kendall's correlation, when the data did not present normality. Among the results obtained, it was verified that the greater motivation to purchase is related to the environment and, in this sense, this motivation was expressed more intense in consumers with high level of schooling. Concerning the gastronomy, it was verified that the perception of regionality by the interviewees is not so evident, whereas of the traditional dishes from the local cuisine, only the rubacao and the capoeira chicken were mentioned. The data allowed to conclude that culinary and gastronomy allied to the agroecology are fundamental tools for a greater expansion of agroecological practices in the field in search of food sovereignty and security.

Traditional knowledge can demonstrate both the history of communities and their relationship to local resources. In addition, they provide information that favors the management and management of species, as well as indicate ways of use and preparation that can support phytochemical knowledge. The present study was carried out in the Tapera Community located in the municipality of Cabaceiras, in the Paraíba semi-arid region, in order to record and analyze the traditional uses and knowledge of Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn. (quixabeira) and its local availability, observing the extractive pressure on it. In addition, considering the main forms (cachaça and water) and part of the plant (bark and leaf) used in the preparation by the community, the presence of secondary metabolites was evaluated through a phytochemical screening. The phytochemical analysis of the bark and the leaves was aimed at evaluating the compounds in both parts and proposing the replacement of the bark use by the leaves, favoring the conservation of the species. Twenty-three family heads (men / women), representing 15.33% of the population, were interviewed and local availability was assessed through a 24-hour GPS-guided trip. The extractive pressure was analyzed by measuring the extractions in the bark of the plant. For the phytochemical screening, leaves and bark of the species were collected for the preparation of extracts based on cachaça, water and alcohol, which were evaluated for the extracted metabolites. The quixabeira is used by Tapera, mainly as medicinal, where the shell is the most cited part and the sauce is the most common form of preparation. A total of 88 trees were recorded, of which 19 showed extraction marks, demonstrating that predatory activities obtained a marked reduction compared to previous data. The leaf and bark extract, made with rum and water, obtained similar results regarding the extraction of the classes of secondary metabolites. In this way, we can suggest quantitative studies in leaves of quixaba, which can demonstrate within the metabolite classes found, which bioactive substances are present, providing the community, through environmental education, another possibility of quixabeira use for medicinal purposes, in order to try to reduce the existing extractive pressure in the species and contribute to its conservation in the environment.

The objective of this work was to identify the environmentaland social impacts in the Paraíba River basin due to the use of the soil and the transposition of the São Francisco River, which generate impacts to water quality, proposing actions that allow adequate management of water resources. For the identification of impacts, semi-structured interviews were conducted with municipalities managers and population living in areas near the Paraíba river. The water quality analyzes were performed in 12 sampling points, corresponding to 4 reservoirs and 8 points in the river channel, between March 2016 and January 2017, and May and July 2017, after the transposition of the waters of the São Francisco river. Several impacts of rural and urban origin were identified, the first being mainly related to the use of indiscriminate fertilizers and agrochemicals. For the urban environment was highlighted the release of domestic effluents, resulting from the absence or insufficiency of effluent collection and treatment systems. Regarding water quality, the Camalaú and Epitácio Pessoa reservoirs presented higher water quality, which were associated to the high transparency of the water, the presence of submerged macrophytes and the tucunaré fish. For the points located in the river bed, it was evident the interference of the cities, after the urban agglomerations, the water presented inferior quality to water collected before the river to cross the city. The transposition of the waters of the São Francisco river to the Paraíba River has altered the quality of the water in the reservoirs. It was observed the increase in nutrient concentration, mainly Total Phosphorus, Phosphate and Ammonia in the three studied reservoirs, Nitrate in Potions Reservoir and Nitrite in Epitácio Pessoa Reservoir. The increase in the water volumes in the dams did not, during the study, improve the Indexes of Trophic States observed in the dams before transposition. Even though during the Transposition works, negative impacts were generated, the arrival of the waters in Paraíba rekindled the hope of the population that depends on the waters of the river, highlighting the need for good management to this resource in the region.

The National Program for Access and Quality Improvement in Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) is carried out in periodic cycles and intends to achieve a national quality standard. This program aims to promote incremental changes in the Brazilian Primary Care (PC) practices per cycles and one of its objectives is to increase the service-orientation practices according to the needs and satisfaction level of Brazilian Primary Care users. In this context, this thesis presents as its main objective to obtain a decision support model based on the 2nd PMAQ-AB cycle, in order to conduct a comparative study between PC teams, which are participating since the 1st PMAQ-AB cycle (named here: group C12), and teams with their first evaluation just in the 2nd PMAQ-AB cycle (named here: group C2) by means of the identification of factors associated to users' satisfaction related to the offered care, the health care team and the health care facilities. In this way, it was performed a descriptive analysis and it was developed user satisfaction measurements to be the study outcomes as well as logistic regression was applied to obtain decision models to Brazil for each user satisfaction measurement including interactions between each variable presents in group C12 and group C2. As a result, it was observed that the majority of the users has been satisfied with the offered care, the health care team and the health care facilities. In addition, it was observed that some variables differ from group C12 to group C2 considering the user satisfaction: for satisfaction with the care team, the variables were the privacy in the doctor's office and to feel free to talk with the team about their worries; for satisfaction with the offered care, the variables were to feel respected by the health professionals, the distance to the PC health facility and its conditions; and for satisfaction with the health care facilities, the variables were the amount of chair in the PC health facility, use conditions and privacy into the doctor's office. In both groups, these conditions have had positive association with the user satisfaction, however with a greater chance in the C12 group related to C2 group. The ability of the care team to meet user needs, the bond with the health professionals, the work stability of the team, the appointment time and the care resolution also present positive association with the user satisfaction but to not differ between C12 group and C2 group. We conclude that the differences found between C12 group and C2 group could be attributed to the fact the teams from C12 group have already undergone enhancement during the two cycles and that it is possible to increase the user satisfaction level with just some changes in the PC practices since these changes are feasible to be put into action by managers and health professionals.

In this work, we study two methods proposed by G. Botelho and E. Torres, in 2017, to construct hyper-ideals of continuous multilinear applications: the limitation method and the inequality method. The first is an adaptation of what R. Aron and P. Rueda did, in 2012, for homogeneous polynomials. This method, like classical methods for constructing multi-ideals, generates hyper-ideals from the ideals of linear operators. Behaving differently, the second method studied is based on the transformation of finite vector-valued sequences by multilinear applications. Besides to generate new hyperideals, such methods can be used to show that known classes of continuous multilinear applications enjoy the property of hyper-ideal. In addition, we prove that the hyperideals obtained by them are related to the notion of coherence of multi-ideals.