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Tis work is consequence of a research based on the participant observation method, complemented by a posture of observant participation, which objective was to understand, through an analysis of cultural and polictic-social activities organized by7 two collective actor in the anarchic punk scene in João Pessoa city, the processes through which these, inspired in the punk culture and in the anarchist ideology, build in their movement an alternative autonomist and contra cultural of organization that is contradiction to the hierarchical and bureaucratic models of the current official politics. Also it contradicts the industrial culture and its mass culture. . Trying to understand the peculiar style of organization of activities and events propagandized by collective actors in the mentioned scene, it was made a theoretic debate among urban sociologists and anthropologists that study young cultures and social movements, including some that wrote about movements anarchist, punk and anarch-punk. In this research it was also analyzed militancy source materials, such as informative bulletins, reports of anarchpunk meeting of the northeast region of Brazil and websites of anarch-punk organizations. Based in the research efforts, we realized that the style of organization of the anarch-punk acting in the João Pessoa scene, creates a new style of actuation influenced however different of the styles anarchist and punk. That happens because it is mixed in their activities cultural and polictic-social elements and aspects that before is only found separated or absent in each of these two styles of actuation.

This thesis aims to analyze the aspects of working at home and family relations in the production of clothes made of jeans in the city of Toritama PE, as well as to learn about the duties and responsibilities that men and women have played in the domestic production process, emphasizing the social relations that are outlined in this space. The scenario of recent socioeconomic changes associated with globalization and the spread of forms of flexible production has caused changes in the world of work, the emergence of new forms of production organization, as well as the reediting of others which were considered archaic, but are adapted to the current dynamics of capital which is the case of working at home even when they rise far from this process, as the case of the Region of Jeans Clothes Manufacturers in the city of Toritama PE, locus of this research. This is a qualitative study and documentary research, semi-structured interviews as well as participant observation were used as methodological resources, focusing on a critical analysis of the objective and subjective elements that permeate the reality of families linked to the process of working at home. It was found that, despite the apparent exuberance and modernization that comes through the region with the expansion of the jeans industry, the assumption that this dynamic organization of home work could be providing more egalitarian ways of access to activities, the exchange of knowledge, control of the production process as well as the relations between men and women within the family was not thoroughly confirmed. However, there was confirmation in relation to the assumption that the economic dynamics experienced by these production units at home changed family relationships, causing a greater emotional distance among its members as a result of assignments in production, both in relation to smaller children and older children who were more directly involved in the production process.

This paper has like main reason to analyse the oldness through the perspective of alterity. Looking for knowing the differences that mark the experiences of getting old in the modern society through practices which were developped by old voluntary women of a charity association, close to old people who live in an asylum in the city of Campina Grande - PB. The Associação Internacional de Caridades (AIC - Charity International Association), core of Campina Grande - PB,it corresponds to a feminine, lay organization composed mostly by old women of middle class in which attends to socialy excluded segments, between them, old people in asylums. The meeting between oldness make possible that old people inserted in these groups and contexts prepare a self-image, stablish relations of gerational sociability and exercise the principle of alterity constructed in the interpersonal relation between myself and the other in oldness. The heterogeneus character that distinguish the old person in the present time, discussed by scholars, is spotlightened in the research that was realized. The stablished relationship between the cheritable and the refugee reveals multiple meanings that involve the oldness and enlighten the aspects of subjectivity and identity of the old people who integrate the reported groups.

Darning the light of Norbert Elias theory on groups established and outsiders, the sociology of deviance by Howard Becker and studies of social stigma Goffman - This paper analyzes the process of diversion, stigma and social exclusion among Jehovah's Witnesses. Also notes how the belief in the virtue and moral superiority of this religious group is fundamental to the cohesion and submission to the rules established by it. Thus, points out that feelings of shame and guilt, imposed by social exclusion, would boost the return of some church disfellowshipped. The fact that they are generally isolated would therefore be another reason for its weakness as a group, as well as create a stigmatized self-image. Furthermore, evidence shows that new communication technologies, made possible by the internet, this has decreased the size and isolation distance between them which reinforces elisiana idea that the balance of power is not static.

This thesis seeks to understand the formation of a specific sphere within the fight against AIDS: the field of NGO / AIDS. For this we investigated the relationship between social activism and strategic arrangements involving NGO / AIDS. To analyze this relationship is of vital importance for understanding the genesis of the socio - political NGO, which involves features and modes of action related to the particular situation and the historical context in Brazil and in Joao Pessoa. We use three theoretical concepts - analytical: activism, field and habitus. Using them could verify a variety of conditions which would be the profile of an NGO and activism, as legitimate or not taken in the construction of non-governmental responses to HIV / AIDS. We observed the forms of institutionalization of the field and the disputes it. Still we glimpse aspects of training of institutional and individual actors. The relationship between NGOs in the field of intersectoral / AIDS was observed from two perspectives: NGOs / NGOs and NGO / state. With this work we intend to contribute to knowledge on the current NGO movement / AIDS in Brazil from the presentation of a case: the field of NGOs / AIDS in Joao Pessoa. The methodology used and made by participant observation as a means of experiencing the meanings in the search field, and semi - structured interviews conducted individually with the activists in order to map the discussions and conflicts present in the scene, enabling us to better understand widely in the environment in formed the profiles of activism in the field of NGO/AIDS.

The conducted study present in this thesis is on the archeology of the failure school concept, focused on the theoretical perspective of pos structural studies, mainly on the propositions of Michel Foucault. Taking the archeological method of Foucault for analysis of the documents, it was established thee axis from which it was possible to conduct a reading of the speeches produced on children with minor trajectory in school: the speeches of childhood, school education, and school failure. The speeches on children with minor trajectory in school, in which the discursive formation is present for the school failure produced files. These files were selected based on the knowledge of psychology and teaching, established thee historical series: the eugenism series predominant since early of the XIX century until the early 30´s; the planning series which covers the period between the decade of 1960 and 1980 of the XX century and the efficiency series from early 80´s until present days. In a first moment, it is presented the work proposal and, later, a description on the childhood constitution as a social category, having as a support the historic sociology of Nobert Elias and the studies of Philippe Ariès, in order to understand how, from a given moment in history of the European societies the childhood was invented; and, how the necessity of protecting the childhood made the modern school produce new ways of disciplining the children. Next, it is done an archeological journey in relation to the Brazilian childhood constitution. In a second moment, it is presented an archeological reading of the speeches that produced substance to each one of the historical series the I National Conference on Education, for the eugenism series; the cultural privatization theory, for the planning series, and the constructivists speeches, for the efficiency series. At the same time simultaneously, using the genealogical tools constructed by Michel Foucault, it is presented a series of these speeches in their functioning, the effects of the power and government of the children of the producing children. All these from the conditions of possibilities of their emergence and appropriation in Brazil, considering the relationship of power and the economic, social, politic, and educational arrangements established in each none of the series. By commenting some considerations on the constitution of positionof- the subject, such as the children the failed in school, they are treated as a result of the discursive strategies and of the production of collective equipment for the childhood, made from the relations of power and tighten to the administration, regulation, and childhood government, in which is functional to the legitimacy of the inclusion and exclusion processes.

This thesis aims to understand how the subjects that are identified as "mariconas", "Irenes", "aunts" and "old fags" deal with the processes of aging and old age. I seek to further analyze from the biographical narratives (KOFES, 2001), the meanings and the senses that are attributed to their bodies. Faced with new social and body itineraries multiple devices are triggered _ in order to "camouflage" and "circumvent" the prejudice accumulated inside the experience, due to the stigma for being transvestites and now in the condition of elderly. In old age transvestite, social and cultural elements begin to question the existence of a chronological, biological and generational, not even denying the completely. The transvestites that somehow are linked to prostitution, when they survive the streets and violence, built others spaces of sociability. Although marked by silence and invisibility, they create and pass through other places, as new spaces of prostitution, the own house, by militancy, and still build subterfuge, which allow them to move more fluidly and exercise their sexual practices. This ethnographic study was woven from a field survey in Fortaleza and Lisbon, through semi-structured interviews and participant observation / floating (MALINOWSKI, 1978; GOLDMAN, 1995) in bars, nightclubs, cafes, saunas, porn cinemas , households, associations, health services and in the streets and avenues where transvestite routinely prostitutes . In this regard, we note that the bodies of the old transvestites eventually present itself as fields flows and intensities that makes us doubt every fact that you are drawn to. Intend limits. Fissuring structures. Cleaving senses and break the linearity and the challenges that aging can be a place of privileged challenge to gender and sexuality norms as they realize that every moment transvestites build up and rebuild themselves from the experience device (SCOTT, 2009; FOUCAULT, 2001).

This work analyses the implementation of SINAES (the Brazilian system of policies to evaluate its Higher Education) at Federal University of Paraíba. SINAES is an ongoing process established for the development of an ‗evaluation culture in Brazilian universities, and this work aims at understanding how it is changing universities values and experiences, focusing on its effects on how the ideal of University is understood through the case study of UFPB. Its main idea is to identify if and how an ‗evaluation culture established by the Bologna Process is changing and reshaping the idea of University and how its functions and processes are being currently experienced at UFPB. In this way, the research is a critically oriented sociology of evaluation processes and routines based on a set of qualitative methods (participant observation, interviews and document analysis).

The objective of this dissertation is to delineate the trajectory of a sociology of evil through a critique of the concept as it appears in philosophical works, the social psychology of Stanley Milgram and Phillip Zimbardo, and the sociological approaches of Zygmunt Bauman and Jeffrey Alexander. Thus, evil will be considered as a socially constructed object, which contains a generative capacity of symbolically classifying social reality and human actions through formative relations of subjects and communities. This rereading of evil as a sociological object is fundamentally based on the dispositional action theory of Pierre Bourdieu, especially in regards to its concepts of habitus and social libido. As such, evil as an empirical problem will be considered through an analysis of the photographs taken by American soldiers in 2003 at the Abu Ghraib military prison in Iraq.

This work is based on a case study: a policial news TV program produced in João Pessoa. This show is well known for its shocking and violent images and its presenter is also a kind of local celebrity for his role. This TV show elaborates ideas of necessary truth‟ and justice‟ supposedly not guaranteed by the government. In this way, it intends to recreate media as a kind of public space where justice requests are solved. Based on a participant observation, the research aims to understand the news elaboration and, particularly, how the public connects with the presenter and his conceptions of justice.

Exercise of thought, this is what an academic thesis is called, for the degree in which it operates. Its overall objective is to analyze and to question the shades of the difference in deaf individuals, which they assert a positive side of themselves, through gestures and ways, in their identity constructions, not without conflicts and contradictions. In this sense, the amalgam sources and different theoretical currents are present, either in what is convergent and divergent, and perhaps even more significant in what they are intersecting. The field of research was the Deaf Association of João Pessoa ASJP, located in Torre neighborhood, in the city of João Pessoa. Participant observation and interviews were the main methodological and technical resources for the collection of the data to be analyzed. The speeches of deaf individuals were demonstrating the multiplicity of perceptions of the world about their political movement and citizen performance, as well as when they let glimpse the appropriation made by and for them in their subjective processes and practices of sociability. The findings were delineating themselves, they did not happen in a kind of: "Finally, we can conclude that ...". The process of becoming a research was happening, indicating that the deaf, speaking in Brazilian Sign Language-LIBRAS or Portuguese, are as different as the possibilities of manifestations of personal and collective actions in their everyday relationships, whether in deaf communities, or the interaction of listeners, for they don t not live in isolation. The lack of hearing influences _ as well as have it and have never stopped to think about it _ but do not determines and defines their differences. These are as simple or complex as can be expressed in any person whether or not deaf. The binaries would be their prison.

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre la publicidad y el fetichismo de la mercancía en el capitalismo contemporáneo. Tiene como punto de partida el presupusto de que esta relación es histórica, es decir, compleja y mutable, que se funda en el hecho de la publicidad mover el significado de las mercancias de forma específica de como son producidas para el universo simbólico del consumo. Así, es esencial identificar la manera única como la publicidad efectua tales desplazamientos en el presente. Al principio, se realiza un debate genérica sobre la relación entre publicidad y fetichismo de la mercancía; cuyo objetivo es iluminar, desde una mirada socio-histórico, sus presupuestos, características y, en general, sus tendencias de cambio en el tiempo. En el segundo capítulo se realizó un análisis de los anuncios televisivos del banco Itaú, hechos entre los años 70 y la actualidad, con el fin de comprender la transformación del discurso publicitario en este período, en relación a los conceptos utilizados - valores privados que el emisor tiene la intención de asociarse a lo que promueve -, y la identificación de los conceptos centrales de la publicidad contemporánea, através de los cuales se efectiva el desplazamiento del significado de las mercancías de los procesos reales de la acumulación de capital a otro "contexto". Al final, se busca dar una respuesta directa y concisa al problema que mueve la investigación - Como la publicidad se refiere al fetichismo de la mercancía en el capitalismo contemporáneo? - Así como, complementar esta respuesta con algunas reflexiones sobre el significado social de la disposición actual de los anuncios para mostrar en su núcleo el concepto que hemos identificado como central en los anuncios televisión contemporáneos del Itaú, y sobre el universo de los receptores de las mensajes baseadas en tal conceptos.

Discussions about the migration of Brazilians to several countries in America and Europe are frequent, however, few researches have dealt with the migration of Brazilians to China. For this reason, this thesis aims to analyze the migration history of fifteen Brazilian women living in Beijing and use it to represent the processes of several Brazilian women who have migrated to the People's Republic of China. At first, the goal of this research was to study the Brazilian community as a whole, but women have a much more significant role in building Brazilian identity since they run the main organization that congregates Brazilians in Beijing (Brapeq); women also organize events such as Beijing's Brazil Film Festival, Doc Brazil Festival and Brazil-China Book Club. Thus, we have carried out narrative interviews with fifteen women of different ages, social classes and lifestyles, who had different migration histories. The interviews, done at cafes, restaurants, the street, or the interviewee's home, aimed to trace these women's background in order to comprehend how each migration history contributes to building a different Brazilian identity. Based on these women's accounts, we intended to study the ways Brazilians socialize and associate, to understand Brapeq's role in integrating these people and disseminating Brazilian culture, as well as to analyze how Brazilian identity is built and rebuilt through the social fabric of Brazilians who have migrated.

Esta tesis tiene como objetivo comprender el significado de la epistemología del armario gay. Se entiende, por tanto, para una epistemología del armario gay estudios académicos que intentan dar cuenta de su invención, la teoría, conceptos y la verdad sobre lo que él describe. Así, esta tesis trató de comprender el sentido epistemológico del armario gay, no como el miedo o la preocupación de que algunos homosexuales se sienten delante de él para revelar "la verdad" de su sexo, sus deseos, pero la aplicación de este temor, el miedo, la vergüenza, una dinámica política y el entorno social en que esta "verdad" se interpreta como algo negativo, pero aún así - por su salvación - que dice que debe estar orgulloso de él, politizado. Por último, el punto crucial, entonces, era precisamente de historiar las prácticas homosexuales asociados con un corpus de la monstruosidad inventor científico interpretado como "verdad" del sexo. "Verdad" se refleja en el tiempo presente, estableciendo así la epistemología del armario gay. Mi análisis, al menos en lo que va a ser el principal aspecto de ella, es una crítica fuerte de esta epistemología. Ofrezco dos cosas que me llevó a hacer una fuerte crítica de este "modelo" epistemológico: a) el armario gay como metáfora de la opresión; b) El armario gay, finalmente, como un mecanismo de poder que controla el supuesto gay afirmando una verdad que es. Así que sin vergüenza académica, la trayectoria del conjunto, todo el curso de este trabajo se puede resumir como la negación de la homosexualidad como una verdad eterna, es decir, la epistemología de la salvación como homosexuales, diciendo: Yo soy gay, come out, la verdad (gay) cerró en marcha allí.

This research intends to analyze the political writings of Jose de Alencar (1829-1877) with the objective of mapping his forms of thought and his political practice. The first analytical effort focuses on the ideas of the novelist, outlining possible dialogs between Alencar and some thinkers of the political theory (Benjamin Constant, Stuart Mill, Alexis de Tocqueville and John Locke) and verifying to what extent his ideas would find one application limit in the context of the nineteenth-century Brazil. Then it tries to evaluate the praxis of the literate from the Cartas de Erasmo (Letters of Erasmus), considering them as a strategy of political action in the 1860s. It is argued that the political ideas printed on the letters would express a broader set of positions assumed by him along his political career, which would reveal his choice for and his affiliation to the more orthodox conservative political side that of the Saquaremas. Finally, in a confluence between theory and practice, will be highlighted the place of the ideas of José de Alencar. Counterpointing the interpretation according to which the novelist‟s ideas would be out of place, it is argued that they would conform to a specific context of elaboration and would express themselves in a conservative discourse tributary of the Saquaremas‟ model of political direction.

This research examines the possible changes in collective labor bargaining, occurred in the leatherfootwear segment Paraiba, resulting from changes observed in this segment, from the year 1990. For this, we analyzed the agreements and the collective labor conventions, signed by three trade unions in the shoe industry of Paraiba, as well as interviews with union leaders to them. The results show that the technological and organizational changes implemented primarily by large companies, provided significant impact on labor relations that directly and indirectly contributed to change the shape and content of the negotiations, directly influencing, promoting and negotiating agreements and conventions that more flexible pay, hours and employment, and indirectly, because these innovations, as well as the flexibility of negotiated issues listed above, had some negative consequences for workers, as the breach of labor laws (with the creation of worker cooperatives fraudulent for example), the increase in working hours, occupational diseases (RSI/WMSD) and high turnover, so that unions acted at various times, in areas or fields hitherto little explored or never, but using the procedures or mechanisms already well known in the trade union as collective bargaining and, in some cases, using other forms of action such as lawsuits and labor stoppage. These events signaled, so the relevance of our assumptions and search that guided our research.

It is research in which we analyze the interaction and change of daily life in the city of Sand at the completion of the Festival of Arts in council in the 70s. To make this analysis based on social relations in the small town, with its codes and symbols, and uses the theoretical and social Norbert Elias and Michel de Certeau to understand the webs in the chain of events, which includes a Festival of Arts, though a short period of time, elements hitherto alien to the residents living in Sand. We refer also to the "Age of Festivals" and the troubled military regime in Brazil to understand the historical context in which the Festival happen and fight for the youth of the time free speech. We analyze reports of artists and residents of the city, together with based on social theories, to identify the interference of the individual in relation Festivals / Areia. We are of daily life in the city during our research that the council has already considered, in the nineteenth century, important cultural itinerary traders who came to the States of Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte and the festivals held in the 1970s to nurture cultural openness and some improvement of knowledge to others, involving the local population, been losing strength in the 1980s revival and with other characteristics in mid 90s, giving rise to the festivals of brega music that characterizes the city today.

Considérant la consommationun phénomène social par lequel il est possible de comprendre les divers aspects de la sociétéactuelle, et le fait de prendre en compte que les études de cette thématique auprès des classes populairessontdes entreprisesrecentesdans le monde académique, par dessus tout au Brésil, ce travail, prenant comme matière empirique les pratiques de résidents de la communauté de São Rafael (de João Pessoa/ Paraíba), analyse la logique sociale qui oriente la consommation pratiquée par un groupe d'individus des classes populaires. En termes méthodologiques, ceci est une étude ethnographique, où la relation avec le terrain s'est déroulée d'une façon prolongée, s'est développé par des départs et des arrivées, par des observations participantes, la réalisation d'entretiens et de groupes focaux. L'analyse des représentations sociales que la consommation assume pour les participants de cette recherche a été développée à travers l'Analyse de Contenu et de l'Analyse du Discours. La consommation s'est révélée être un élément clé utilisé par les sujets ici enquêtés dans l'exercice de construction de leurs identités, dans l'entreprise pour la recherche d'insertion sociale et dans la lutte pour leur reconnaissance, une fois qu'il est mobilisé de manière stratégique quand les individus essayent une définition de soi et de la place qu'ils occupent dans la hiérarchie sociale.En affirmant l'espace pertinent occupé par la consommation, ce travail ne nie pas l'importance d'autres éléments comme le travail et le lieu de logement,qui sontaussi mobilisés de manière prépondérante pour questionner la légitimité des identités. C'estprenantla consommation comme déterminante pour la construction des identités, que se construit la représentation de ce groupe en relation aux différences sociales entre riches et pauvres. Vu que ne pas être pauvre signifie avoir tout ce que les autres possèdent, la consommation est vue comme capable de,superficiellement, s'égaler à tous. Cela n'implique pas àun manque de conscienceen relation à la situation de vulnérabilité, une fois quecelle-ci se révèle tant de thèmes comme justice sociale et santé qu'ils commencent à faire partie du débat. Telle forme de concevoir les différences sociales semble se justifier par l'anxiété à contester une identité de pauvre construite par ceux de dehors et capable stigmatiser les individuas porteurs de telle étiquette. Pour les sujets ici enquêtés la différence dans les styles de vie est ce qui, de fait, marque la distinction entre les pauvres et les riches. Cela signifie que, bien que les sujets ici enquêtés désirent etcroient être possible posséder tout ce que les autres possèdent, opérant ainsi un jeu de reconnaissance d'une norme de consommation considérée légitime et en serésignantà celui-ci, ils n'expriment pas le même désir en ce qui concerne le style de vie des autres : c'est dans cette sphère que se vérifie moins de résignation et plus de contestation. Ainsi, les sujets ici enquêtés sont fortement impactes par le désir d'adéquation au groupe social d‟origine, et dans ce sens, la crainte d‟être classé comme inférieur aux autres de son propre groupe, semble exercer une plus grande pression que de la volonté de passer à appartenir à une autre classe sociale. Il est possible de considérer que la logique socialequi oriente la consommation des personnes ici enquêtées, bien qu'elle soit fortement impactée par un goût de nécessité qui conditionne, mais ne détermine pas les différents choix de ces sujets, aussi est dans une large mesure, conditionnée par un ensemble de valeurs communautaires. Une fois que le désir d'être accepté dans le groupe d'origine est très fort entre les sujetsenquêtésle contrôle social communautaire, avant d'être perçu comme un embarras est naturalisé et passe à être considéré comme une forme de sortir de l'invisibilité.

The main goal of this Master s thesis is to understand the existing dynamics between Brazilian evangelical churches in the city of Austin, Texas (USA) and its faithful. Thus, the main focus becomes the everyday activities that take place spontaneously within such institutions. These activities are: the processes of cultural maintenance, the social and support networks and forms of cultural assimilation, provided or restricted, within these churches. Combining these three activities inherent in the Brazilian evangelical churches in Austin, we have what we have called, the church as a piece of Brazil . We consider the characteristic of being a piece of Brazil as the greatest gift (MAUSS, 2003) that the Brazilian church can offer to Brazilians in Austin. The data collected in the field reveals that the church as a piece of Brazil serves, among other things, to delay the return of migrants to their homeland, or even make them think about permanently residing in the U.S. The research centers its theoretical and conceptual analysis from the diasporic and transnational studies. Then, investigates the data obtained in the field through interviews, surveys, and observation for thirty days.

This work analyzes the representations of the black youth on the contemporary Brazilian cinema from the movie Bróder! (Jeferson De, 2010), considering that racial tensions that have marked the Brazilian society can be understood from film representations. Reviewing the 2000 s productions, the context of the movie production as a place of its director on the field of national cinema can be highlighted. Through film analysis we could identify the portraits of how it is to be young, black and a resident of the outskirts, exploring the racial tensions present on the work as own aspects of the cinematographic device. This way, the work assumes a perspective that racial relations of a society are also expressed in their cultural productions. This way, cinema is understood as an important way of spreading representations of and about social groups.