RCAAP Repository

This work reflects about ordinaries experiences on Diabetes of the SUS service, that explores not only the coexistence of the individuals with this disease, as well the dynamics of care provided for them. The aim is to understand, firstly, the procedure proposed to enduring ill people, watching which kind of professional is provided by the public service. Secondly, how its dynamics occurs. And finally, which methods of treatment are suggested and how they influence the relationship between the infirm and the health professional. The survey was made at the Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde, in Jaguaribe, better known as ―CAIS de Jaguaribe‖. Among different factors, it is possible to note that the environment of service interferes in the individual and social life of each ill person. The field study, ethnography and informal conversations were necessary. We conclude that the dynamics of work developed in the health service, in general, brings to the professionals a fundamental expertise. It is also relevant to mention that the popular and biomedical knowledge significantly interfere in the daily life of the infirm and contribute to surveillance outside the doctor's office. Therefore, this study on diabetic environment shows that different backgrounds and beliefs come together in search of better health, and hopes to contribute for others future sociological analyses.

La diversité de savoirs qui traitent sur le thème de la folie au fil du temps vont en inventant le plus divers sujets sociaux de la folie, des significations et des sens théoriques qui cherchent le contrôle et l'exercice du pouvoir sur elle même. La folie continue alors d être inventé et capturé, mais aussi se glisse au milieu de divers modalités de contrôle de ces savoirs. Savoirs et pouvoirs qui apparaissent dans certaines conditions de possibilités discursives, historiques et sociales et en cours de fouille, apparaissent sous une configuration complexe de forces multiples. Ruptures et lignes de fuite sont révélés au sein de cet ensemble de forces, démontrant l'incapacité et l'impossibilité du contrôle absolu sur la folie. Nomade, cerclée, incriminée, tutellée, médicalisée, hospitalisée, psychothérapeutisée, citoyennetée, psychanalysée, indisciplinée, finalement, inventée de plusiers égards, elle suit toujours à s'échapper. Pendant ce temps, les gouvernements promettent ; théories expliquent ; religions chérissent ; les décrets de règlement ; des connaissances supposent; mais elle nous montre toujours le visage d'incompétence et d'impuissance des savoirs eux-mêmes. Nous cherchons à démontrer au long de notre texte, qui est peut-être la grande sagesse de la folie : la fragilité des savoirs, que plein de pouvoirs supposés, cherchent leur exerciter de manière hégémonique. Empiriquement, nous recherchons l'histoire locale de plusieurs nominations qui ont été inventés pour la folie dans la région de la Campina Grande, avec leurs significations, leurs jeux de forces, leurs hégémonies temporaires, leurs luttes par le savoir-pouvoir. Grâce à une triangulation méthodologique et un large éventail de sources, nous démontrons la construction historique et sociale des différents types de savoirs sur la folie, ses connexions rhizomatiques, ainsi que toutes la relativité de ces savoirs et de ces pouvoir pour y faire face. Enfin, nous avons démontré par l'expérience ethnographique, les risques qui en resultent de la folie pour l'ordre établie, ne configurez pas elle-même dans la logique de l'identité, mais aussi la sagesse qu'il déborde d'une telle condition.

The present study attempts to understand the construction of the trajectory of the physiotherapist in João Pessoa PB. The interest came from the uneasiness of being a physiotherapist and to attempt to understand through the perception of peers how the trajectory of this profession has been constructed, since, like others, its emergence occurred on the banks of the medical profession. Initially it became necessary to rescue concepts of sociology that promoted a base for discussion around the following axes: trajectory, recognition and interrelations in the field, where these were always linked to other concepts such as field, vocation and work market. Several sources were consulted, such as: books and scientific papers (printed and online) that had as extraction sources the academic databases (Lilacs, Scielo, Bireme, EBSCOhost e scholar Google), using publications that were in their full text. Several authors have subsidized this understanding, although some have become the pillars of the research, such as Parsons, Freidson, Bourdieu, Foucault, Honneth and Thaylor. Simultaneous to the theoretical base has been the empirical research that was constructed through the physiotherapists speech and the understanding of their working field that was assembled through visitations to the necessary locations for this understanding. The empirical research took place in the period of January of 2012 to September of 2013 with the interviews and the notes of the field diary. Initially the composition of the sample was made and this was possible through the construction of networks among the physiotherapists, totaling 17 physiotherapists of both genders with average of professional activity of 11.5 years. In a second stage the interviews were made in an environment, date and time that better suited the person being researched, following the guidance of a semi-structured survey. After every interview the researcher transcribed, read, reread, comprehended and analyzed it by the light of sociology. Thus, the trajectory of the physiotherapist in João Pessoa, as well as many other professionals, is steeped in a multitude of contexts, the dynamics of the world and of the subjects undergo changes every day, marked by uncertainties, which generate uncertainties about the future of the profession.

Our work approaches one of the central issues of the sociology of art that is related to the challenge of analyzing sociologically works of art without disregarding its intrinsic value. This question leads us to approach the challenges of studying the art recognizing both its critical power (able to promote emancipation of consciences against the iron cage of modern rationality), as its reifying use (that allows and promotes social distinctions based on an aesthetic discourse of naturalization of taste). But how can we perform this operation? How could be possible to think the aesthetic value of the artwork through sociology of art? How to do this without turning it into a self-referential value and not, at the same time, underdetermining it for more general and externalist considerations? These questions led us to direct our perspective about the values problem in sociology of art to its more direct reference in the practice of sociology, the art objects analysis. Considering this, we tried to analyze the barriers and possibilities that some methodological procedures of sociology offer us in the treatment of the artistic object, recognizing it as one of the components of a triad (dynamic and historical) composed of relatively autonomous elements, namely: work of art, author and social structures. To do so, we choose the methodological programs of Howard Becker, Pierre Bourdieu and Antonio Candido as a place from where our problematizations would start, looking, however, not to do a proselytizing analysis of their methods. So, what we seek with this work is not properly to reflect on a "new method most appropriate for the sociology of art, but, on the need of a treatment of aesthetic value by the sociologists of art that consider the nuances and complexity of such a field, not leaving it as sole jurisdiction of aesthetes and academic critics of art that sometimes treat it as autotelic or without references to its ethical content.

Reflections present in this text about the political participation of women in the legislature in three cities in Ceará region Cariri. I intend here the idea of a rigid political field marked historically as own space of male action, in this context, women's participation is presented as an applicant for recognition of a legitimate genre while possessing qualities to be in politics. The objective of the research was to understand barriers to effective political participation of women and how they perceive themselves in that specific field. What ended up was inferred that these women overcome the barriers of politics as being one among many who have to face, if constructed as worthy and qualified to represent his people, and credited it to their own gender status. Thereby before the departure from formal politics is what legitimizes this field: their feminine qualities. For that they make it possible to negotiate a woman, learning the rules of the field while creating new ways of being there.

The present work treats of the sociability and urban culture thematics and the public spaces configuration in brazilian society, based on the individuals quotidian practices and actions that build these spaces. The work discusses the sociability and the social appropriations in the Praça do Caju (Cashew Square) located in the district of Bessa, João Pessoa, Paraíba (Brazil), focusing, as main aspect, the relations among their users and how they activate the local cultural processes. By means of their actions, memories and constitution in the historic process, it was established a dialogue with the symbolic, structural and socioeconomic informations that impel them to these living experiences. The objective was to examine the construction and the maintenance of the public space, both in the social as in the imaginary of contemporary brazilian cities inhabitants, as well as the cultural processes of appropriations and uses that comprise, establish and reconfigurate the sociabilities of specific public spaces involved in the development of the city. A ethnographic research was fundamental in order to clearfy the local urban development, establishing the specificity of a square situated in a midle class district and also elucidate the material and symbolic strategies that make possible life and the living in a society where the social inequality is reflected in elements as: space segregation, stigma, the public use and appropriation, and the belonging to a group and places inside of it.

The socioeconomic and technological processes that you/they were deepened starting from the seventies of the century XX, they affected the social institutions, as the marriage and the family. The fragmentation, the efemeridade and the chaotic, although they have always been characteristic of the modern experience, they increased violently of intensity in a world context that would become globalizado. In this study a side of the effects of the Tourism Affectionate that explicit the rebuilding of affectionate family arrangements is unmasked between foreign men and Brazilian women, differing of the Sexual Tourism, that he/she understands Brazilian atraídas for the marriage promises or offers of international visitors' job in Europe. The analysis of results regarding the relationship between conjugalidade and social change as well as the one that concerns the dynamics, paths, conjugalidade forms and to the gender, they constitute other problematic nuclei approached in the investigation. One works with the hypothesis, that, the relationships affectionate-matrimonial interculturais among foreigners and Brazilian, it includes from the couple's" "harmonious and concrete search, that he/she understands the choice for a stable relationship with person of different culture, until the alteration of family contexts, considering the cultural implications, politics and of papers in the gender relationships. The field work based on qualitative interviews with foreign men and Brazilian women, that you/they reconstituted family arrangements, residents in Rio Grande do Norte, more precisely in Natal. It is ended that the European man passed to have prejudice in relation to the European woman's emancipation. The "sexual frigidit" of the Europeans, the sexual "heat of the Brazilian", the aversion of the Europeans in assuming the feminine paper of lady-of-house is interpreted as an absolute die in the speeches of the foreign informers, configuring the subject of the sexuality, sexual division of the work and cultural dominance.

This study focus on the analysis of prostituted transvestites in the city of Fortaleza Ceará. It presents personal reports about their body transformations, experience that includes a set of processes, existences and different types of relations. Contrasting identities conceptions that privilege coherence and linearity, I present trajectories and autobiographical reports contextualized by discontinuities. Having a feminine subjectivity, transvestites effectuate transformations on their physical forms, endorsed by forensic medicine or by clandestine methods. Though they opt to preserve their genitals, having a woman's body is one of their biggest goals. I understand that the use of these bodies as object of wish exposed in the "streets goes besides the discussions that permeate the travestilidade as a branded group. My approach privileges the legitimation of this practice in the perspective of the realization of wishes and the recognition of the transvestites in the condition of subjects in (trans) formation. The travestilidade is analysed based on the rituals as performance, as they consider the possibilities to survive such experience in a pleasurable way or not. In the fieldwork, I mobilized methodological tools that allowed the apprehension of peculiarities and expressivenesses concerning to the complex experience of being a woman twenty and four hours a day.

This study concerns to a theoretical and field research to understand the symbolic and political strategies of religious conversion to evangelical churches in social subjects marked their stories of life in the practice, criminal careers and prospects. The social actors investigated here are prisoners of the Maximum Security Criminalist Penitentiary Geraldo Beltrão, located in the district of Mangabeira VI, in João Pessoa, State of Paraíba. Our goal is to demonstrate the impact of religious conversion in the process of regeneration, recovery and social re-inclusion of prisioners in the society of origin, before the current prison system. We try to identify the prison population as fertile ground for religious proselytism neopentecostal. Also we presented the report of a cult in prison, where trying to analyze how the celebrations held by prisoners and religious experience in everyday life imprisonment.

Il presente lavoro ha come obiettivo di verificare l esistenza nelle radio comunitarie di Serra Redonda, Alagoa Grande e Santa Luzia, di programmi realizzati dai quilombolas , individuando quale influenza esercitano questi mezzi e se essi contribuiscono a rafforzare o a disgregare le identità culturali delle comunità nere rurali. Per l analisi di queste problematiche ci si è avvalsi del supporto bibliografico dell opera di Habermas mediata dalla prospettiva ottica di studiosi brasiliani come Siebeneichler con la sua Teoria da Ação Comunicativa (Teoria dell Azione Comunicativa) e Leal che affronta la questione della riconfigurazione della Sfera Pubblica locale. Si è fatto ricorso anche alla ricerca sul campo sotto forma di interviste partecipate secondo il metodo di Peruzzo e codificandone il contenuto secondo la teoria della democratizzazione delle comunicazioni di Vergara e Bardin. La ricerca ripercorre anche il contesto storico delle radio libere in Brasile e nel mondo, evidenziando come le forze sistemiche del Neocorolenismo Elettronico si siano impadronite della comunicazione comunitaria in queste città. La richerca di campo ha rivelato che dove si può osservare un parallelismo di opinioni tra centro urbano e ambiente rurale, e di conseguenza, additare attraverso le testimonianze degli intervistati, i possibili dialoghi e vie per ritrovare la reciproca intesa ormai perduta.

This dissertation aims to develop an analysis of the construction of Tarcísio de Miranda Burity first candidacy to the government of Paraíba state (1979-1982), from bureaucratic structures and media, as sociological based in the conceptual perspectives of Max Weber (Bureaucracy and Charisma) and Michel Maffesoli (Formism and Everyday Life). According to this finality, we designed this work in three chapters in order to achieve the proposition. In theoretical and methodological terms, this research is based on assumptions of comprehensive sociology, through the "ideal types" of domination, and the sociology of everyday life, which focuses on formism of everyday life. In a first moment of the work, we draw a profile of Tarcísio Burity‟s public trajectory, demonstrating that his encounter with politics is caused by a bureaucratic path. In a second phase of the study, we developed a discourse analysis of the speech produced by João Pessoa‟s press, in order to show the image constructed by the periodicals around the candidacy of the political leader. For this, we selected the newspaper articles spread in the periodicals O Norte and A União, major print media from João Pessoa, during April (in which Burity‟s first indication of the state government takes place, by the political party ARENA); in May, to understand the impact of the facts in the periodicals, and in August 1978, a period that precedes the indirect government elections on September 1 in Paraíba, that guide the leader to the investiture of his first mandate.

The present thesis has as objective to carry through a quarrel concerning the Solidary Economy while a prerogative of organization of the civil society in such a way in the alternative generation of work and income as a process of social inclusion in virtue of the distinct minorities that of it are part, that is, a new strategy of possible development. In this direction, it also searchs, to carry through a brief rocking of the referring accumulation to the movement, being been overcome as reference the year of 2003, moment where the National Secretariat of Solidary Economy was servant, standing out its main carried through action, in particular the mapping of the Solidary Economic Enterprises - EES, that is, is an attempt to understand as the social movements make of the production model, on the basis of the solidary economy, a way to fortify the dialogue between different groups of producers and had obtained to extend the recognition of this solidary model in the institucional sphere. Thus, the central hypothesis of the present work is of that the solidary economy is a strategy development politics, in counterpoint to the exculpatory model of the effective capitalism. For in such a way, metodologicamente, we carry through a descriptive study of quali-quantitative nature, with the use of the following instruments in the collection of data: participant comment, half-structuralized interviews, application of diagnosis and bibliographical revision. The conclusions point the solidary economy while development strategy, over all, with the viabilização of the virtuous circle established by the categories capital stock, nets and solidarity. A tool of social inclusion, generation of work and income was evidenced in the solidary economy, resulting in the produced work as source of humanistic, solidary value, with bigger quality of life and well-being of the involved actors.

This thesis deals with changes in the world of work and has as its main object of analysis the social relationship among the on-line employment agencies (ONEAGs) and their users, in Brazil. It s a study about the Information Technology impacts, specifically the internet, with respect to the groups and individuals involved in the work s reorganization turned a lucrative product. I will use post-modern theory as opposed to denotative statements, merely descriptive, both in the analysis of the data and in writing form. Alongside the quantitative analysis I will propose a critical of the empirical data, based on a focus-post-modern discourse, introducing characters (personages) and dialogues that will help to question the status of Science and its legitimacy face contemporary social metamorphosis.

This work intends to understand the environmental and social relationships shaped by the peasants from micro region Curimataú of Paraiba State. Here it is stated that the challenges posed both by the social relationships as soon as the environmental conditions stimulate these peasants to establish or reinvent strategies that allow them to go on living and producing. In order to support arguments, this work dialogues with different theoretical views from Rural Sociology and it is based on the perspective of coping with semiarid region and "the poor people environmentalism". The aim of this work is to understand the struggle for maintaining the peasant´s way of living as a significant contribution for the conservation of the natural resources which still exist in the micro region studied. Peasants inserted in the global society, even while remaining relatively autonomous to the market, create productive strategies which have enabled them to cope with the semiarid region conditions, and thus, they offer to society a number of elements by which one can question the priorities of major development policies that are proposed for this region historically known by incentives to extensive agriculture and livestock. The different strategies for coping with semiarid region reveal the irrationality of development policies, which guided by the ambition of the productivity gains, they neglected the social and environmental conditions features of a predominantly smallholders region. However, even outside of these policies, the peasants from Curimataú go on playing their way of living and showing new paths and semiarid region development perspectives, by basing on the coping with semiarid region. From this perspective, peasants guide their actions by the interaction between the family needs fulfillment and the natural resources maintenance that is considered here as an example of "the people poor environmentalism". Looking at this reality from the socio and environmental perspectives allows us to state that the maintenance of this way of living is associated with practices of environmental conservation and thus helps us to reflect on new development possibilities. Guided by a rationality that is oriented by the family and environmental maintenance, these peasants shape a new paradigm of rural development, by associating agricultural practices involving non-agricultural occupations that enables us to say that this place, the countryside, is not only a space of production, but rather a place of life and conservation. The set of practices that enable the peasant maintenance is essential to the conservation of biodiversity to which this way of living is intrinsically linked. The formulation of strategies such as plate tanks, underground dams, stone tanks, seed banks, knowledge on plants and on the environmental potential demonstrate how it is possible to construct a new focus on the semiarid region and its population. These observations allow reflect on the importance and the strategic location that the peasant family farming has occupied in the shaping of the development and sustainability of the Brazilian semiarid region

The interaction media networks experienced in contemporary society have allowed the construction of new types of social relations in which the various forms of culture are magnified, allowing that the culture "styles" are available to any individual in any space, either it is urban or rural. Given such context, this thesis emerges from the need to understand aspects of the subjectivity of a youth group that has two specificities: being a rural and being a resident of a MST settlement. Thus, it considers how these young people build their cultural meanings from the interface with the media and how they organize their conduct and principles through the flow of messages they are targeted in the middle of an environment characterized by cultural heterogeneity. Whereas a relational dynamics, examines the social practices of these individuals through the mediation undertaken by the radio and television (the Malhação program). The text convergence between anthropology, sociology and communication, from the triad Youths, cultural identities and media. The locus of research is the MST settlement named José Antonio Eufrosino, located in the state of Paraíba. The sample consists of a total of 42 youths belonging to the age of 14 to 29 years old, 21 females and 21 males. The textual structure of this study include a set of arguments that interconnect from a socio-spatial context, the construction of a typology of youths verified by their habits and even the cultural matrices that the interlocutors of this research build on the effects of media . The thesis argues that although the media pursues a centrality with the forms of sociability of these subjects, this is neither so all-encompassing nor generalizing. Although not immune to the appeals evidenced by the media, and interacting with different cultural spheres of theirs, the identities of these young are not necessarily represented by the media effects. Their cultural values are not lost as a result of influences received, since it does not deviate from their references.

The objective of this work is analyzing the processes by which has been disseminated the idea of an imminent Global Water Crisis, as well the strategies suggested in order to face it and their consequences in terms of public policies related to the national hydric sphere. We argue that the acknowledgement of the water as a narrowed natural resource and dotted with economic value, as well the new purpose of charging the use of natural water, and the purpose of management dynamics thru the installation of Hydric Basin Committees, all them are related to a setting of market interests and intentions, orchestrated by institutions such as the World Bank, aiming to built a scenario in which, after acknowledging the State s incompetence in managing the hydric resources area, they open the doors to the privatization of that sector, to the constitution of a public hydric resources market. We analyzed documents in which the discourses on the Global Water Crisis has been disseminated and collected primary empirical data thru some interviews we made with the Rio Paraiba Hydric Basin Committee members. Related to the Hydric Basin Committees we analyzed, we point out the non critic reproduction of apocalyptic discourses of hydric shortage in them as well some limits related to the ways by which the participation occurs there.

This work is a reflection of the outcome of field research at the Institute Criminal Judge Silvio Porto, João Pessoa - Paraíba State. From interviews and free targeted with the inmates, it was concluded that the intramural prison develops a parallel network of sociability permeated power and submission specifically differentiated from institutionalized power by the state. The practice of tattooing in prisons is within that singular context. Expressing the subjectivity of the individual, the relationship of power and submission, the construction of individual identity and social and social stigma. The practice of tattooing in prisons prepare a universe enigmatic world of crime. A prison tattoo embodies a practical use of cultural and social conflicts delineated by interior and exterior construction of individual identity and social conditions, resulting from these inter-social relations. Therefore this new identity will be built on the edge between faint sudden rupture of self-identity in the world society which he lived and the new identity which is now built upon entry into prison, where the mutilation of the self happens all moment and in all aspects of social life. It is at that threshold where the faint signs that represent crime are entered under the skin. The chosen design and location to be tattooed denounce the particular characteristics of each individual's personality, a ritual identification of the convict as such. A prison tattoo is renowned for its thick strokes and evil designs finished result of the basic techniques used in prisons.

The goal of this study was to analyse the Porto do Capim community‟s participation during the public policy making process for the Historical Center of João Pessoa in order to revitalize its monuments and urban structures so that the cultural tourism might be developed. Therefore, we approached a qualitative research, through semi-structured interviews, applied to the representatives of the Porto do Capim community, the State Government of Paraiba and the Municipality of João Pessoa managers, and representatives from the local tourist trade interested in the area. The data was analyzed by the technique of Content Analysis, which the main category of analysis was the participation. Thus, we conclude that the community participation is fragile on the public policy making process, whereas the sporadic meetings held by the government to discuss its actions with the community not involved in a deliberative democratic process so that the community members could interpose their needs and points of views.

This thesis aims to discuss, in a historic perspective, processes of prisons constitution, the main changes in which they have been through and how such a trajectory reflects in Brazilian society, with the objective of a better understanding the historic senses and current disputes. Before Brazilian prison model, we present a case of study at Serrotão Prison, in Campina Grande, Paraíba state, northeast of Brazil. We intend to research about new senses imposed by the general dynamics of capitalism to prisons and about how these questions of macro nature reflect a concrete situation in the local. Taking approaches on development and constitution of prisons in western societies, by Foucault, Bauman, Wacquant, Michel Cavadino, James Digman and others, we search to understand which current senses are in dispute contemporarily. This work was built through bibliography research, documents research, interviews and a focal group, besides direct observation. We indicate how the State lost its mission on socializing prisoners and created the organized crime phenomenon, particularly in the interior of prisons as a response for lack of sense for prisons as a space of social recovering. We search to present senses currently attributed to Brazilian prison system, for prisoners, prisons administrators and institutions in this sector, proving that the State does not accomplish its role of socializing prisoners and showing that, the lack of public policies towards them when they leave prison make them keep returning to prison.

In this work, we studied a certain proprieties of invariant sets of descending flow defined by pseudogradient vector field. This analysis permit us to determine the existence and multiplicity of critical points of certain functionals bounded below in invariant sets by associate flow. We applied this concepts to nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems and nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations. In variant cases, at least four solutions are obtained for these equations.