RCAAP Repository

In this article, we will try to make a reflection on the interpretations that have been made about our process of economic modernisation. On one hand, highlighting the periods of our history in which Portugal diverged and stayed behind in relation to richer countries. On the other hand, highlighting those periods in which Portugal converged and got close to them. We will also discuss the way the great issue of our economic delay has been treated in the existent bibliography of this area, by confronting the two main trends.

Toe main potentialities, hindrances, priorities and initiatives to the local development, namely in the Interior Norte region, presented in this article, result from the perspective of the Institutions on this subject. Toe developed work reflects the integrated vision of the intervenients (Institutions) and it gives clues to the strategic intervention that should be followed in a near future.

Wild species threatened or in danger of extinction due to unregulated trade were listed in accordance with the recommendations of the Bem Convention. Until 1992, the Serra da Estrela forest patrimony was constantly pillaged including three protected species of narcissus bulbs. Toe Valorisation Project of Serra da Estrela Spontaneous Flora aims to protect the forest diversity through an initiative of regional development that allows the peoples in the mountain to increment their gains if they participate actively in the preservation of the spontaneous flora instead of "pillaging" it. For this it is necessary to know the characteristics and mechanisms of market where the commercialisation of these bulbs may be controlled.

This work presents the preliminary results of a research project about the boom in the investment in agriculture of greenhouses in Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro region during the period of 1990-95. In the first phase of this project, to which results this article refers, we made a detailed analysis of 100 plans of improvement. These plans were submitted to the regional delegation of Instituto Financeiro de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento da Agricultura e Pescas (IFADAP), based at Vila Real, under the ambit of the European regulations n. 797/85 and 2328/91, in view of project financing, exclusively or partially orientated to agriculture in greenhouses. Toe main goal of this work is to define the profile of the farmer who invests in agriculture in greenhouses. Toe conclusions taken in this initial phase suggest that the success or failure of these investments can not be explained only by internal reasons related to the exploitation. In the analysis of the development of the rural entrepreneurial tissue, the decisive role played by the chain in which the enterprise is integrated should be focus of attention. The positive and negative influence of economical and institutional key agents in the investment process, such as IFADAP, the greenhouse builders, the suppliers of agricultural inputs, retailers/wholesalers who commercialise the production and the project makers, should be also carefully analysed allowing the future initiatives of support to this kind of investment to have a great success.

In the "conquest" of new subjects, history has been discovering the potentialities of the company as an object of study. In Portugal, since the beginnings of the eight hundred years, one started to dedicate some attention to the history of companies. The centenary celebration of Vista Alegre, in 1924 as well as the works published were an important mark in the evolution of the business historiography. Afterwards, this historiography integrates itself in two different paradigms. Thus, till the 60's, one may talk about an "old" business history, made essentially by amateurs with commemorative and often laudatory purposes. After the 70's, it started to emerge the "new" company history, with a more frequent participation of specialised researchers and with a new type of sources. Moreover, even the less successful moments - and not only those of undeniable success - have become object of analysis.

By describing the life story of a family, the principie that states that the event by itself does not have an historical meaning will not be followed. The discovery of details in the existence of the chosen individuais becomes a moment of conquest to the expert. A wide variety of source types were crossed, making some data more reliable, especially those provided by the local press. For this phase of the work about the Leitão family it was worked basically the qualitative information. The next step was to understand the global coherence of the family group. The course of the Leitão family created the opportunity for taking a look at the formation and at the intervention limits of an elite at a local level.

The aim is to develop and apply a statistical model of regression to an explanatory observational study, in this case, a sportive competition: the National Football Championship of the I League of 1998/99. The model serves the objectives of description, control and prediction of the football games results (dependent variable) through statistical data for the behaviour of the teams under analysis (independent variables). The developed model allows making an estimate and the confidence intervals of the final classification and its comparison with the one that was really observed. The procedures used, in the development of the statistical model to analyse this case, exemplify the application of a regression model to explanatory observational studies, illustrating the various steps followed and it may serve as a basis to other similar studies.

The present article refers to the circumstances under which the management of the organisations takes place nowadays in an information oriented society, where the key to the success is the capacity of receiving, storing and transmitting information efficiently and at a proper time. Toe turbulent setting, in which the organisations act, implies the increase of unstructured problems, therefore, the information should be considered as a decision support as well as a component of that decision and also as something that influences it, that is, as a resource for management. The information appears as an integrating part of the management processes. Nevertheless, it can not be regarded as an abstract entity: the organisation has to define the information strategically relevant for its business. Consequently, the information should be seen as a resource in economical terms, that is why it has to be managed as any other resource. Nowadays, the management of the organisations is, more than anything else, to work and process information.

The Tax General Law completes an existent blank in the Portuguese fiscal system and it has three objectives: receiving the tax law principles contained in the Portuguese Republic Constitution or ordinary written law, the Tax Administration powers and the guaranties of the taxpayers. The successive constitutional amendments, which reinforced the guaranties of the administrated people, the heaviness of the national and international competition, which needs a surer and safer performance of the Tax Administration and taxpayers, the economical development and the economy globalisation which may favour fraud and tax evasion, imposed the coming up of a new law to provide coherence and stability to the fiscal system, to reinforce the guaranties of the taxpayers as well as to give more efficiency to the Tax Administration. Known as Taxation Material Constitution, this law defines simultaneously a set of principles concerning the tax legislator, taxpayers and Tax Administration. The Tax General Law contemplates several innovations that point out a certain relative rupture with the fiscal system in force and it should not be considered as a systemisation and improvement of the fundamental rules of the tax law. The introduction of this law is an important tool for a new cycle of the relationships between tax and taxpayer, a reciprocal collaboration between the Tax Administration and the taxpayers under the principle of good faith, in the transparency and objectivity in the taxation and in the fulfilment of the justice objectives - principles that are included in the new law and that they will reflect themselves in the overall fiscal system. The efficacy and efficiency of this Tax General Law will depend on the substitution of the present Code of Taxing Procedure, which contains approximately fifty revoked laws, as well as on the adaptation of the tax codes and other tax legislation to this new law. It will also depend on the publication of a Legal System of the Tax Infractions, about which there is a preparatory work being done. These are some of the issues presented in this work.

Many museums have a too "grey", snobbish and "serious" appearance. Closed in themselves, they cultivate erudition in the worst sense of this term and they forget the multiple variables and entities that influence them. They also forget that they provide services to a varied public with different needs, therefore, they should apply differentiated strategies in regard of those diverse segments of "market". They neglect the fact that, as service providers (cultural, leisure, research, entertainment services...), they compete with other entities, which have the same target "clients". It is urgent to transform these institutions into open systems, which do not consider that heterogeneity a threat but an opportunity to promote the cultural development of the populations, the defence of the collective memory of the community in which they are placed, free time occupation, fulfilment of the needs of those who are interested in studying/understanding them.

The issues related to the patrimony have been frequently analysed, as it can be proved by the wide variety of bibliography focusing on them. This is due to several factors, among which one may highlight: on one hand, the enlargement of the concept of patrimony, in the last decades, made that it started to include also realities which were strange to it. On the other hand, a certain globalisation, including the cultural level, has caused counter reactions, which tend to reinforce the identities of the communities. Finally, a real museological boom has contributed to safeguard considerable parcels of patrimony, in contrast with the part which in the past was object of intervention. The potentialities of the museums have begun to be quite evident not only at a cultural and educational level but also concerning the development. This situation has occurred due to a certain "patrimonylisation" of reality as well as of a boost in the creation of museums.

After explaining wh.at the notions of "industrial archaeology" and "new museology" mean, there is an attempt to show the importance of both notions as knowledge areas and cultural technologies. Afterwards, the Portuguese universe of wolfram mining is briefly characterised and the importance of assuring the preservation, study, revitalisation and critical analysis of this global social reality is also focused on. For this purpose, many combined strategies are proposed: safeguard of written but not printed, graphic and material documentation, collection of oral testimonies, creation of museological structures, promotion of cultural tourism, environmental recovery and economic revitalisation/diversification of the mining areas.

No summary/description provided

No summary/description provided

No summary/description provided

No summary/description provided

No summary/description provided

A doença COVID-19 é causada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2. Apresenta clínica variável, desde infecções assintomáticas até quadros respiratórios graves. Portadores de Síndrome de Down (SD) são grupo de risco para evolução com a forma grave da COVID-19, pois devido à alteração genética de trissomia do cromossomo 21, podem possuir deficiência do sistema imunológico, cardiopatias e alterações anatômicas do sistema respiratório. Desenvolveu-se, então, uma campanha de prevenção a COVID-19 em população com SD e deficiência intelectual, abordando a promoção do entendimento da pandemia, a estimulação de novos hábitos de higiene, a prática de exercícios físicos, a alimentação saudável e a manutenção da saúde mental durante o distanciamento social. Sinaliza-se também para o conceito de autodeterminação, em que a população com SD é protagonista de suas próprias vidas, estimulando os jovens a tomarem decisões e usufruírem de um ambiente no qual eles tenham participação social, para reduzir a cultura de exclusão a qual são submetidos. Prova-se, portanto, a inserção no cenário atual. Estruturada em vídeos, uma animação com informações gerais sobre a pandemia e os demais protagonizados por jovens frequentadores da Fundação Síndrome de Down (FSD), focados na sua inclusão, capacidade, autonomia e empoderamento. Nestes vídeos, é abordada a importância do distanciamento social e como se manter saudável durante a quarentena. O pioneirismo do projeto de prevenção a COVID-19 para pessoas com SD, sendo essas protagonistas da campanha de prevenção para seus pares, obteve expressiva atenção das mídias de comunicação. Então, atinge-se o objetivo de visibilidade à população Down promovendo sua capacidade em conscientização social.

The present study highlights a series of critical reflections on quality management, quality tools and logistics, with the aim of verifying whether the integration between these three processes/resources leads to the formation of quality products, in order to satisfy customers' needs and desires. The methodology used allowed to conduct an exploratory and qualitative study, based on bibliographical research, oriented to identify the central aspects of this problem. In this context, we propose a research problem, in line with the objectives, looking for an answer to them in books, articles, or other bibliographic sources (Garcia, 2016). A critical analysis was made of ten articles related to this study, nine of which fully met the objectives recommended in this investigation - demonstrated that the integration between quality management, its tools and logistics leads to the formation of quality products and the consequent satisfaction of customers' needs and desires - however, one of the articles only partially fulfilled these objectives, as it did not demonstrate that the referred integration leads to the formation of products with more quality. The results highlight that quality management works as an integrated system, in which everyone works towards the same objective, that is, customer satisfaction, which sees quality associated with the value and usefulness of the good. Likewise, the results indicate that the use of quality management tools leads to continuous improvements in processes and products, which facilitates logistics, but logistics cannot be seen in isolation, as it is part of the integrated management of quality. This panorama demonstrates that the objectives established in this study were successfully achieved.

In the current competitive environment, the centralization of power and the lack of autonomy of employees are characteristics that prevent the development of organizations. With this emerged the need to verify the use of empowerment as a tool of power and, consequently, of commitment to the organization. This study had as main objetive to verify the contribution of the organizational commitment and the psychological empowerment for positive organizations. The empirical component was supported by an exploratory, quantitative, descriptive-correlational study, having, for this porpuse, constituted a sample of 205 participants from three organizations with the same (average) dimension , in the industrial sector. A questionnaire was applied, where the first part is intended to analyze sociodemographic data, and another to measure psychological empowerment and organizational commitment through two scales (Spreitzer, 1995; Rego & Souto, 2002, 2004). According to the results, the dimensions of the two variables have significant relationships with each other and contribute positively to the perception of employees about commitment and psychological empowerment.In summary, in general, both in theoretical and empirical terms, it is verified that these two variables make a significant contribution to positive organizations, given that they are essential tools for their success and for the satisfaction of their elements.