RCAAP Repository

The business world and organizations are constantly struggling with changes and new challenges at the most diverse levels, demanding an ability to adapt and supremacy to the frequent vicissitudes. Nowadays, knowledge is recognized by organizations as an intangible resource that, combined with other resources of the organization, creates and develops new skills, allowing companies to gain competitive advantage and to improve their organizational performance.

Organizational Social Responsibility (OSR) is seen as one of the research themes of the current century, presenting itself with an extensive and diverse conceptual evolution, as it includes new constructs and dimensions, explained by the growing appreciation and interest of society in the subject. It started to be studied since the second half of the 20th century and its development generated several models and theories. In this sense, the objective was to analyze the models of OSR, evidencing their influence in the different phases of the concept, using a qualitative methodology. Ten models were presented and critically analyzed, particularly: stakeholder theory and model; Carroll's pyramidal model (1979); two-dimensional model by Quazi and O’Brien (2000); model of the three domains of Schwartz and Carroll (2003); mapping model of the territory of Garriga and Melé (2004); 3C-SR model by Meehan, Meehan and Richards (2006); integrative model by Porter and Cramer (2006); Windsor's three key approaches model (2006); VBA model by Schwartz and Carroll (2008) and the model of social commitments by Almeida (2010). As a result, the importance and strong integration of stakeholders in the OSR stands out, being a transversal concept in the various theories reviewed.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are considered important for economies’ growth and stability, as they contribute to job creation, the growth of Gross National Product and tax revenue. It is therefore essential to determine the factors contributing to their success. After carrying out a review of the literature on the subject, there is clearly no consensus on the factors leading to SME success. Therefore, an empirical study was made based on a questionnaire applied to a sample of Portuguese SMEs of excellence. The results obtained revealed the factors contributing least to SME success: (1) academic qualifications, (2) the gender of the founder(s) and (3) exporting orientation. Indeed, SMEs are aware that their success depends above all on maintaining good relationships with clients and on the quality of their products and/or services. Some implications for business practice are also suggested

The objective was to identify scientific evidence on the development of mobile apps built to promote mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is an integrative review of the scientific literature carried out in the Medline, Web of Science and Lilacs databases, and in the Cochrane library with the following guiding question: what is the scientific evidence on the development of mobile apps built to promote mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic? A total of 194 studies were found, of which 181 were excluded for not addressing the theme and nine for not answering the guiding question, in this search scenario, four articles were identified. The findings demonstrate the existence of apps in the mental health area addressing the themes of depression, anxiety, psychological stress, burnout syndrome, suicidal ideation and psychological suffering, as well as the absence of scientific publications on the apps already available on digital platforms.

Within the scope of the current school grammar, pedagogical supervision emerges as a strategy to promote organizational and professional development, so it should be perceived as a work methodology that encourages (self) criticism, unveiling of constraints and (re) construction of professionalism. teacher. However, in the context of Teacher Performance Assessment (TPA), the supervisory aspect seems to be devalued, with no consensus on its contributions to the construction of knowledge and to the improvement of teachers' performance. TPA has been constituted as a complex social practice, exhausting and sometimes with repercussions in the internal environment of schools. We believe that it should not be understood as a threat and a constraint for teachers, but rather be seen as a challenge and an opportunity, triggering supervisory-evaluative processes with reflections on teaching practice and predictors of learning and educational success for all students. Concerned with the challenges and dilemmas that integrate this problem of pedagogical supervision in the context of TPA and with the general objective of analyzing the perception of evaluators (internal and external) and evaluated on the contribution of pedagogical supervision practices to professional development in the context of TPA, we carried out an investigation of descriptive and quantitative typology, where a questionnaire, built for this purpose, was applied to 321 teachers from pre-school to secondary education. It was found that the pedagogical supervision, the ADD and the observation of classes did not develop according to the theoretical references, prevailing a more summative and classifying logic to the detriment of the training, reflection and support logic. Teachers consider that the current model of ADD falls far short of what was desired in terms of its contribution to improving performance and professional development. They refer, however, that the observation of classes is pertinent and necessary, and should be inserted in a global School project for improvement and include the cycle of pedagogical supervision with a view to promoting collaborative work between evaluator-evaluated, as well as privileging practices of pedagogical supervision, self-assessment and self-reflection on practice.

Family and school have a fundamental role in any student’s life. Both have undergone several changes, but they emerge as two fundamental institutions in the physical, social, emotional and intellectual growth of students. In this sense, they must assert themselves as partners, to create the necessary conditions for the student. Parental involvement in school is essential and not always easy, but it generates very positive results, eliminates obstacles and distrust, contributes to performance, organization, well-being, happiness and school success. Due to covid-19, the education system has been forced to implement new methods of distance learning that require parents to be closer to their children's school process. In general, there still exists some divergences about this new process. In these new times for society in general, and for students in particular, families cannot be forgotten in their role as educators. It is important to consider the different families resources to accommodate this process, as well as to parent’s mental health.. These should also be supported in the management of new roles and emotional support of their children in moments of novelty and uncertainty.

Over the past few years AI has undergone a significant evolution, which is impossible to go unnoticed today. This technology is not only impacting, sometimes silently, the daily life of the entire population, but also the business world, leading to new ways of performing each function and even causing new professions to emerge. The present study seeks to clarify what are currently the main applications of AI for business, what implications this use causes, and what benefits companies can expect over the next few years if they start implementing intelligent systems in their most diverse areas. Through a literature review that adopted the scoping review approach, we sought to identify, in the published literature, what is the potential of AI for the development and competitiveness of companies, identifying and grouping, in a clear and rigorous manner, the main advantages and implications of the use of AI in management. AI is currently proving to be a technology capable of taking organizations to a new level, making them more competitive in the market and enabling value creation, whether through its ability to assist employees, allowing productivity increases, by improving the consumer experience or even in predicting and solving problems. However, in order to take advantage of all the potential that AI has to offer, companies need a good adaptation strategy and, above all, a great ability to help their employees throughout the process, since implementing AI will inherently cause not only changes in the type of functions and jobs, but also in the skills required for each function. Not forgetting the great social uncertainty faced with the prospect of job cuts.

Context: The use of the term governance in the area of health is a trend, particularly in the level of discussions about good leadership and management practices that can be adopted to improve the care provided to people and the community in general. One of the main principles of hospital governance is the participation and involvement of nurses in management and decision-making processes, requiring strong involvement in care management, with significant effects on the quality of care provided to the person. Aim: Map the available evidence on the impact of leadership and participation of nurses on hospital governance in what concerns quality and safety of care provided. Methods: Methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, defining a scoping review protocol adapted for the identification of relevant studies that meet the inclusion criteria previously outlined. The analysis of relevance of the articles, the extraction and synthesis of the data will be developed by two independent reviewers. Results: Evidence is expected to show that shared governance in the health area plays an important role in patient’s safety and quality of care provided, which requires the involvement of all health professionals, particularly nurses. It is hoped that shared governance systems, which may vary from hospital to hospital organization, according to their institutional values and goals, will help promote environments of leadership and management favourable to a quality professional practice, empowering nurses in decision-making that affect themselves, the rest of the multidisciplinary team and, above all, the patients. The results expected to be achieved will contribute to the dissemination of available evidence. Conclusion: It is believed that this scoping review will contribute to evidence the current state of knowledge about the theme and that the results found are guidelines for the development and applicability of quality indicators that ensure the safety of care provided.

Organizational commitment is an integral part of effective human resources management, which can have a significant effect on customer satisfaction, since more committed health professionals provide better care, and that leads to better outcomes. In addition to these advantages, organizational commitment enables to reduce absenteeism and reduce staff turnover, which contributes to more cohesive organizations. In organizations with a high degree of complexity, such as healthcare organizations, organizational commitment must be given special attention, as the professionalization and retention of highly qualified staff is essential to maximize efficiency / productivity and, consequently, obtaining better health outcomes. This integrative literature review was performed based on the question: What are the variables that enhance the organizational commitment of staff in healthcare organizations? The objective was to identify some variables that enhance organizational commitment in healthcare organizations and demonstrate how they influence the organizational behavior of their staff. The results obtained allowed to identify five variables that enhance organizational commitment: identification with the organization’s strategic plan, trust in the leadership, decision making, working conditions and personal satisfaction. It was concluded that the identified variables show positive results in health organizations. However, it is important to identify other variables in new studies, and also to clarify and to explore the variables already identified. This is relevant to understand how they can be applied, in order to increasingly promote organizational commitment in healthcare organizations and, specially, in the Nursing teams.

Objective:In order to understand the influence and relationship in the binomial leadership and satisfaction in nursing, the objective of this study was to present a narrative bibliographic review about the subject and analyze the knowledge produced between leadership and satisfaction in the nursing team. Method:This is a narrative review of the literature. The databases used were through EBSCO (CINAHL Complete, Medline Complete) to answer the guiding question: "What is the knowledge regarding the influence of leadership on satisfaction in the nursing team in the period 2016-2021?". To obtain the articles, we used as inclusion criteria: primary sources and reviews of the literature, integrative, available in full, in portuguese, spanish and english in the last five years (2016-2021) and as exclusion criteria: theses and dissertations, narrative reviews, duplicate articles or in other languages, considering the following descriptors: leadership, job satisfaction and nursing, accepted by DeCS. The research was developed during May 2021 and 26 articles were selected. After the analysis of the articles, exploratory readings were performed for greater compression of the defined subjects and exploration of the collected material, 7 articles were selected.

This article is a narrative review study about the change management process in health organizations in the present day. Health organizations aren’t static, they are constantly changing, allowing for an improvement in the provision of care. With the rapid technical-scientific advances and the globalization process, it is essential to manage change at the organizational level, so that the organization stays up to date and is able to find answers to its daily needs. With the aim of achieving better knowledge about the organizational change process and to better the ability to identify how organizational changes are perceived, the following starting question was defined: “which factors interfere in the change process in healthcare organizations?”. For this purpose, articles were searched in Business Source Complete and American Psychology Association Psycinfo databases, using the descriptors “organizational change management” and “healthcare”, identifying 195 articles of which, after selection and verification of eligibility, 8 were included in this narrative review. The analysis of the articles included in this study reinforces the idea that resistance to change is one of the main factors for failure, so it is essential to identify how organizational changes are perceived. We can conclude that one of the main factors, is the lack of trust between the workers and their superiors; the failure in managing the change process can be associated with an inability of the manager to consider the opinions, unwillingness or fears of the associates toward that change; continuous learning, professional development and communication are some of the factors that influence the effectiveness and performance of professionals.

The business environment is a complex and dynamic system that needs to be “looked at” properly in order to succeed. Complex and critical situations that have occurred and are occurring in organizations make it difficult to create and maintain a competitive advantage. Factors such as globalization, dissolution of commercial borders and the creation of global business networks are some of the new opportunities and threats that have affected companies. The recent economic situation is leading to a rapid and accelerated revolution and shifting paradigm, which has resulted in the increasing of uncertainty and complexity. This work aims to evaluate the influence of strategy on performance in real estate mediation companies. To achieve this goal, this investigation was determined according to a quantitative methodology, whose date was collected through a questionnaire survey, addressed to the management bodies of real estate mediation companies in Portugal, which belong to an international organization of real estate mediation, from those, 70 valid responses were obtained. The obtained results show that the strategy has a strong influence on performance, especially in the dimensions of financial performance, customers and internal processes. The obtained results also reveal that the type of dominant strategy of these companies is the prospecting strategy, which has a strong link between financial performance, customers and internal processes. This study contributes to the development of the literature, regarding strategy and performance, allowing to expand the knowledge about strategy and performance, through the application of constructs. In what the business level is concerned, companies in this sector and type must use efficiently resources in order to sustain competitive advantage and performance.

Based on the assumption that the academic performance of the higher education student can be explained by psychological factors, namely their motivational state, satisfaction and self-efficacy, it was defined as a general research objective the study of the relationship between academic motivation, satisfaction with higher education and self-efficacy in higher education and its repercussion on student academic performance. This research is developed according to a quantitative methodology involving two samples of undergraduate students and integrated master's degree in Portuguese higher education: the sample A consists of 1344 students and the sample B consists of 1343 students. Based on the formulation of a proposed theoretical model, involving academic motivation, satisfaction with the training, self-efficacy in the formation and academic performance of the student, the adjustment was made in sample A, based on a Structural Equation Modelling methodology (SEM) and subsequent validation in an independent sample, sample B. The results obtained reveal the validity and reliability of the proposed theoretical model, demonstrating that the academic motivation of the student and his satisfaction with the training exercise the function of mediators between the self-efficacy in the formation and its academic performance. It was verified that self-efficacy in the training positively influences the academic performance of the student and, also, his academic motivation and satisfaction with the training. In turn, it was also verified that the motivation and satisfaction of the student positively influence his academic performance, emphasizing that the motivation positively influences the satisfaction. In this way, higher education institutions can improve the student's academic performance based on the improvement of their self-efficacy, motivational state, and satisfaction.

Context: The structures of hospital governance are demanding and challenging and require an investment by the organization, its leaders, and the team of health professionals, in the case of nurses, in order to obtain care provided with quality and safety of the client. Aim: Map available evidence on the impact of leadership and participation of nurses in hospital governance regarding the quality and safety of care provided. Methods: Scoping review with research of studies in databases dated between January 2014 and July 2020, aiming the most recent possible evidence to answer the investigation question. The sample corpus consisted of 10 articles that met methodological conditions. Results: The evidence suggests a significant relationship between shared governance and involvement at work, indicating that the more nurses participate in shared governance, the greater their involvement in work, with positive results in the care provided and in customer safety. The participation of nurses in hospital governance requires transformational, proactive leaders who strive to transform the environment and organizational culture through innovation. Conclusion: Nurses in the hospital context should be governed by a more autonomous nursing practice model, with active participation in governance and based on collective and shared negotiation, and these conditions are sine qua non to obtain quality care and ensure the safety of the client.

This article aims to analyze the impact on the mental health of 73 university students from Ceará, after the onset of the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus, considering the main facts that occurred, from the point of view of the following axes: triggering or worsening of mental disorders; suffering and (self) medication; and suicidal ideation, to understand the impact caused by COVID-19. A qualitative approach was used with university students from Ceará. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the method of interpretation of meanings. The results point to the impact of the pandemic scenario on the mental health of university students, which has been translated, above all, in the form of worsening of existing conditions, the emergence of new cases, and an increase in cases of self-medication and suicide ideation/attempt. Thus, it is necessary, in the case of Higher Education Institutions, not only to recognize this context but also to identify the psychosocial impact and the repercussions that the pandemic has caused in the academic community, in addition to intervening through actions that consider the experienced situation, mainly by the group in question.

The Person with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) presents changes in several determinants of health-related quality of life, including mobility, fatigue, pain and depression. The regular application of adjusted rehabilitation programs suggest improvements in the functionality and quality of life of the Patients.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in Persons with Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Methodology: An integrative literature review was carried out to identify relevant studies to include those that met the defined inclusion criteria. Studies dated between January 2011 and March 2021 were searched, in Portuguese, Spanish and English, using the following electronic database platforms: PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar, Medline, PEDro, EBSCOhost. The review corpus consisted of 8 studies. Results: Efficacy was observed in all rehabilitation programs carried out on people with GBS, with significant improvements in the dimensions: functional capacity, muscle re-education and functional respiratory rehabilitation. High-intensity programs further enhanced functional capacity, producing greater independence in carrying out activities of daily living, with significant improvements in strength and endurance. There were also significant gains in lower limb muscle strength and static and dynamic balance, with muscle strengthening. Conclusion: The results translated into positive contributions in the specialized practices of Rehabilitation Nursing for people with Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Its effects produced improvements in the complex lives of these People, improving their quality of life, enhancing their functional and respiratory independence, and minimizing sequelae.

The term hybridism in organizations is a non-homogeneous concept, with multiple interpretations. According to Sartirana (2019), this term is used to relate social issues with market purposes, or to refer to the combination in the same organization of different management models, verifying combinations of contracts and administrative entities in which there is coordination of partners and mutual gains from this dependence. Regarding the concept of hybrid managers, it is not consensual either, however we can define them as those professionals who, in addition to their area of professional intervention, have the interest and knowledge to perform management functions within the organization. In healthcare we can find both doctors and nurses in these roles that include planning, organization, supervision, direction, coordination, reporting and budgeting, continuous improvement and human resource management (Buchanan, 2013). The main objectives were to understand the concept of hybrid organizations and place them in the context of health, understand the transition from Hospitals Anonymous Society (SA) to EPE (Business Public Entity), and learn about the concept of hybrid managers in the health area. We also intend to know the advantages and disadvantages of these organizations and their stakeholders, as well as understanding the role of nurses in these organizations. For the preparation of this work, we resorted to bibliographical research in scientific databases, namely EBSCOhost - Research databases, B-on and Scielo and to research on legislation that frames the theme. In conclusion, hybrid managers in the healthcare area face numerous challenges not only related to the increase in their workload but also to some difficulty in decision-making in the management area.

In March 2020, with the beginning of COVID-19 pandemics, on-site Preparation for Childbirth and Parenting (PPP) was suspended. In order to fill this need, it became imperative to carry out these courses in an online format. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the importance of PPP programs, which uphold its principles in health promotion, empowerment, autonomy and decision-making in the health of individuals. Objectives: Assessment of pregnant women's satisfaction with the online modality (from April 2020 to December 2021). Methods: Retrospective, descriptive and quantitative study to pregnant women who attended the online course int the Health Centers: USF Infante D. Henrique, USF Lafões; USF Viseu Cidade, complying with ethical and confidentiality principles. Inclusion criteria: pregnant women who have attended at least 5 classes. Results: Of the 180 validated responses, most pregnant women considered the contents that were presented interesting and were clearly satisfied with the acquisition of knowledge to take care of themselves and their babies. Conclusion: In the current pandemic context, in order to promote the health and well-being of pregnant women, changing the format of the PPP courses proved to be a positive intervention with clear satisfaction.

The potential of collaborative work, particularly in the educational context, has been pointed out as a powerful strategy for enhancing the institutions’ performances. This endorsement occurs either at the scientific and theoretical investigations level, as found in several studies, and at the prevailing Portuguese educational policies, wherein collaboration is depicted as a fundamental strategy to improve and develop the curricular options and the pedagogical dynamics implemented by schools and by teachers. In this study, we aimed at understanding the reality of teachers’ collaboration in the 26 schools of the Central Region of Portugal that participated in our inquiry, as a way to contribute to the discussion on this theme. Data was collected by means of an online questionnaire, available between 15 June and 20 September 2021, and its analysis followed a quantitative methodology based on the descriptive critical approach. The results show a massive recognition of the potential of teachers’ collaboration to enhance educational practices, although collaborative process are still inconsistent and take place mainly in formal contexts and within the limits of each curricular subject or department.

The public health emergency caused by the SARS-CoV- 2 virus, and the classification by the World Health Organization of the disease COVID-19 as a pandemic, forced a rapid reorganization in the field of Operations in Healthcare Units and the adoption of containment and mitigation measures during the exponential progress of the disease, such as restrictions in the access to health care services, the management of material and human resources and in the way in which health care was provided. Quantitative data reports are a tool that help measuring the impact of the pandemic situation on Operations Management. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on Operations Management, using a qualitative analysis of data collected through twenty one (21) semi-structured written interviews with health professionals, representing healthcare units such as family health centers, hospitals from the public and private sector. It was possible to confirm the profound impact of COVID-19 on the Operations Management of healthcare units, especially in terms of patient’s access to health care and the availability of human resources, where the worsening in the work load was felt significantly. The study provides valuable insights into the perspectives of frontline healthcare professionals and the challenges faced during the pandemic, and provides research opportunities for improvements in responding to similar public health emergencies.