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We explore Ernst -Wolfgang Böckenförde’s (1930-2019) political thought that intends to justify public law as the condition of freedom, because it establishes limits. This vision presupposes an anthropology, never fully unfolded in his work but, nevertheless, very present when he reflects as a jurist with philosophical concerns. One year after his death, among unprecedented world changes and huge uncertainties, it is relevant to revisit and evaluate his lasting contribution. Here, our interest focuses exclusively on the notion of the State and some of its implications; we will leave for another paper his interpretation of the historical evolution of law and the Constitution, his position on issues of bioethics, and his vision of the European Union project and globalization.

2022-11-18T14:17:21Z

https://doi.org/10.34632/philosophyandsocialvalues.2019.9506

Morão, Artur Henriques, Mendo Castro

When sacred and secular meet: mapping the relationship between christianity and democracy

This article examines the many intersections between Christianity and modern, secular and pluralistic democracy, specifi cally in the context of the United States. These two systems, one of belief and one of governance, are in many respects entirely compatible; however, there are also tensions and stresses between them that delineate possible confl icts between certain elements and expressions of Christianity and contemporary democracy. Among the frictions explored here are included the iconoclastic origins of Christianity and the faith’s often contentious association with power and authority; the confl ation of political and ideological platforms with those of a moral and religious character; and the pressures placed on Christian belief and identity by the rapidly changing social landscape. It should be noted that while a number of necessary distinctions are made between Catholic and Protestant Christianity, and between various sects and denominations, the religion is treated here for the most part in a general sense, inasmuch as the foundational tenets of the faith remain consistent. Our purpose is to map a number of specifi c interrelations that challenge and complicate the dynamic between a model of governance that is considered by many to be well -suited to receive the imprint of Christian values and virtues, and particulars unique to Christianity that resist the openness to a plurality that obligates peoples of disparate creeds and orientations accommodate one another. In essence, the continued partnership between Christianity and democracy, established in the late 18th Century, is at a crossroads wherein both systems are being tested each unto itself and in relation to one another; democracy by neo-populism and autocracy, and Christianity by an ultimatum to reassert its continued relevance in a secular environment. The Christian faith is by no means monolithic, and there are some expressions that are likely more suitable to accept the comprises and adaptations that will be necessary to go forward, and others that have aligned themselves with untenable ideological platforms ill -suited to properly represent the values of compassion, tolerance, kindness, and generosity that characterize the essence of Christ’s teachings.

2022-11-18T14:17:21Z

https://doi.org/10.34632/philosophyandsocialvalues.2019.9507

Chirila, Alexander Christian

Repensar a ambivalência do conceito de mundo da vida em Habermas

O conceito de mundo da vida é um conceito chave na literatura fi losófi ca e sociológica do século XX. Habermas eleva-o a um conceito fundamental da sua obra. Uma caraterística peculiar deste conceito é a sua ambivalência. Como o próprio Habermas e muitos dos seus críticos assumem, este conceito tem signifi cados heterogéneos, porque relacionados com perspetivas investigativas diferentes. A análise, que aqui proponho, pretende, numa primeira parte, resumir sinteticamente estas perspetivas. De seguida, proponho uma mudança no enfoque da análise deste conceito. Em vez de atentar sobretudo na diferença destes signifi cados, coloco o foco da atenção nos aspetos capazes de evidenciar a sua base comum e o modo como estão interligados, não obstante a sua heterogeneidade. Julgo que esta viragem na análise do conceito habermasiano de mundo da vida é capaz de fornecer um novo contributo para a avaliação de algumas críticas dirigidas a Habermas.

2022-11-18T14:17:21Z

https://doi.org/10.34632/philosophyandsocialvalues.2019.9509

Sylla, Bernhard Josef

A Escola de Frankfurt e os fundamentos da teoria crítica alemã

Ao longo deste trabalho iremos explorar, acima de tudo, a textura temática da Escola de Frankfurt numa perspectiva histórica. Não pretendemos apresentar uma análise completa da referida escola, mas sim sublinhar a sua originalidade e as suas ideias fundamentais. Pretendemos explorar esse movimento crítico e expor os vários estágios reflexivos que esclarecem as premissas conceituais de uma possível teoria crítica. Pretendemos revisitar e destacar o sentido filosófico, sociológico e político dessa realidade chamada Escola de Frankfurt e trazer à luz seus principais conteúdos e prioridades, que são debatidos ainda hoje.

2022-11-18T14:17:21Z

https://doi.org/10.34632/philosophyandsocialvalues.2019.9510

Fontes, Paulo Vitorino